Lecture 13

Question 1

Direct measures of blood pressure

Answer 1

Invasive, require contact to vessel and sometimes the heart using a catheter inserted into the blood stream.

Question 2

Micro-tipped manometer

Answer 2

pressure strain gauge on the tip of a catheter, inserted into the circulatory system.

Question 3

Fluid-filled catheter tube

Answer 3

External pressure transducer on a diaphragm with fluid-filled catheter to the source.

Question 4

L:(equation)

Answer 4

pL/pi*r2

Question 5

R:(equation)

Answer 5

8nl/pi*r4

Question 6

Cd:(equation)

Answer 6

1/Ed

Question 7

Indirect measures of blood pressure

Answer 7

non-invasive, but less accurate and lower frequency response.

Question 8

Tonometry

Answer 8

indirect measure of blood pressure by applying pressure as needed to flatten the curvature of the vessel.

Question 9

Tonometry is good for:

Answer 9

measuring intracular pressure

Question 10

One of the primary measurements the physician would like to acquire for the patient is that of the _________

Answer 10

concentration of oxygen and other nutrients in the blood.

Question 11

If_____ or ______ is hard to measure: 2 class measurement

Answer 11

O2; nutrient content

Question 12

2nd Class measurement

Answer 12

blood flow or change in blood volume

Question 13

If_____ is difficult to measure: 3rd Class measurement

Answer 13

blood flow

Question 14

If _____ is difficult to measure: 4th Class measurement

Answer 14

blood pressure

Question 15

3rd Class Measurement

Answer 15

blood pressure

Question 16

4th Class Measurement

Answer 16

ECG

Question 17

The measurement of ______ is the best indicator and most closely reflects the ______ measurement of O2 in the cells

Answer 17

blood flow; primary

Question 18

Indirect measures of blood flow

Answer 18

used for indirect measures of cardiac output

Question 19

Indirect measures use _________ methods

Answer 19

indicator dilution

Question 20

Cardiac Output=(formula)

Answer 20

dm/dt/Ca-Cv

Question 21

dm/dt

Answer 21

rate of oxygen consumption

Question 22

Ca, Cv

Answer 22

O2 concentrations in arteries, veins

Question 23

Rapid Bolus Injection

Answer 23

A fixed quantity(bolus) of the indicator is injected all at once into the blood stream and the resulting concentration is measured over time

Question 24

Requirements for indicator

Answer 24

inert, harmless, measurable, economical introvascular

Question 25

Dye dilution

Answer 25

an optical dye such as cardiogreen is used as the injected indicator

Question 26

Thermodilution

Answer 26

cold saline is injected as indicator

Question 27

Indicator-dilution methods

Answer 27

use simple instruments and can be minimally invasive, but only provide an average measure of blood flow

Question 28

Electromagnetic Flowmeter

Answer 28

Highly invasive

Question 29

Faraday’s Law of Induction

Answer 29

e=V*B dL

Question 30

For a uniform magnetic field and a uniform velocity profile the induced emf is:

Answer 30

e=BLV