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Spanish/Español > Rules for Present Subjunctive > Flashcards

Rules for Present Subjunctive Flashcards

1
Q

What is subjunctive?

A

It is a mood, like indicative and imperative. Indicative is based on fact while imperative is commanding someone to do something.

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2
Q

The subjunctive is used when someone uses a “wedding” verb towards something else. What does “wedding” stand for?

A

Wish
Emotion
Doubt
Demand
Impersonal Expressions
Negation
God

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3
Q

Two verbs are used when using the subjunctive. One is in the indicative and one is in the subjunctive. Which mood is used when conjugating the first verb?

A

Indicative

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4
Q

Which mood is used when conjugating the second verb?

A

Subjunctive

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5
Q

What word always goes between the two verbs?

A

Que (That)
-Demonstrative

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6
Q

Which verb is the wedding verb always going to be?

A

The 1st verb (Indicative)

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7
Q

What else can be said about when and why the subjunctive is used?
(Think subject)

A

When the subject changes. If the subject doesn’t change then you don’t use subjunctive.

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8
Q

What has to be constant in a sentence using the subjunctive?

A

Tense

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9
Q

What has to change in a sentence using the subjunctive?
(Besides subject)

A

Mood + Conjugation

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10
Q

Steps to follow when conjugating in Present Subjunctive

A
  1. Go to yo
  2. Drop the o
  3. Add the opposite ending
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11
Q

Conjugate hablar

A

Hable
Hables
Hable
Hablemos
Hablen

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12
Q

Conjugate escribir

A

Escriba
Escribas
Escriba
Escribamos
Escriban

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13
Q

What are the yo-go verbs?

A

Tener
Decir
Oír
Seguir
Traer
Venir
Salir
Hacer
Poner
Caer

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14
Q

Conjugate tener

A

Tenga
Tengas
Tenga
Tengamos
Tengas

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15
Q

Conjugate caer

A

Caiga
Caigas
Caiga
Caigamos
Caigan

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16
Q

Caber is special.
Conjugate it

A

Quepa
Quepas
Quepa
Quepamos
Quepan

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17
Q

What happens to -ger/-gir verbs?

A

They end in -jo in the yo form

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18
Q

Conjugate escoger

A

Escoja
Escojas
Escoja
Escojamos
Escojan

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19
Q

Conjugate dirigir

A

Dirija
Dirijas
Dirija
Dirijamos
Dirijan

20
Q

What do you do with verbs ending in -ducir or -cer

A

They end in -zco in the yo form

21
Q

Conjugate conocer

A

Conozca
Conozcas
Conozca
Conozcamos
Conozcan

22
Q

Conjugate conducir

A

Conduzca
Conduzcas
Conduzca
Conduzcamos
Conduzcan

23
Q

Ver is special.
Conjugate it

A

Vea
Veas
Vea
Veamos
Vean

24
Q

What happens to -uir verbs?

A

They end in -uyo in the yo form

25
Q

What happens to -guir verbs?

A

They do not end in -uyo at all. Only an o is at the end

26
Q

Conjugate construir

A

Construya
Construyas
Construyas
Construyamos
Construyan

27
Q

Conjugate distinguir

A

Distinga
Distingas
Distinga
Distingamos
Distingan

28
Q

Dar is irregular.
Conjugate it

A

Dé
Des
Dé
Demos
Den

29
Q

Despite the fact that dé, des and den are all one syllable, only dé gets an accent. Why?

A

De is already a word. Des and den are not.
-Demos also has two syllables, so no need to put an accent on the e because the stress already goes on the second to last vowel, the e.

30
Q

Ser is irregular.
Conjugate it

A

Sea
Seas
Sea
Seamos
Sean

31
Q

Ir is irregular.
Conjugate it

A

Vaya
Vayas
Vaya
Vayamos
Vayan

32
Q

Estar is irregular.
Conjugate it

A

Esté
Estés
Esté
Estemos
Estén

33
Q

Saber is irregular.
Conjugate it

A

Sepa
Sepas
Sepa
Sepamos
Sepan

34
Q

Present subjunctive conjugations look like what else in Spanish?

A

Many imperative conjugations
(Commands)

35
Q

How do stem changers work in present subjunctive?

A

A full stem change occurs everywhere except in the nosotros/as form. In that form, a half stem change occurs in -ir verbs and no stem change occurs in -ar and -er verbs.

36
Q

What do half stem changes look like? (What are the two types?)

A

e -> i
o -> u

37
Q

Conjugate Pensar

A

Piense
Pienses
Piense
Pensemos
Piensen

38
Q

Conjugate Volver

A

Vuelva
Vuelvas
Vuelva
Volvamos
Vuelvan

39
Q

Conjugate Dormir

A

Duerma
Duermas
Duerma
Durmamos
Duerman

40
Q

Conjugate Sentir

A

Sienta
Sientas
Sienta
Sintamos
Sientan

41
Q

Are there extra rules for car/gar/zar verbs in the present subjunctive?

A

Yes

42
Q

Conjugations/endings for car/gar/zar verbs

A

Car -> Que
Gar -> Gue
Zar -> Ce

43
Q

Conjugate Sacar

A

Saque
Saques
Saque
Saquemos
Saquen

44
Q

Conjugate Buscar

A

Busque
Busques
Busque
Busquemos
Busquen

45
Q

Conjugate Fregar

A

Fregue
Fregues
Fregue
Freguemos
Freguen

46
Q

Conjugate Almorzar

A

Almuerce
Almuerces
Almuerce
Almorcemos
Almuercen

47
Q

Which two verbs are the only verbs in the Present Subjunctive which receive accents on some endings?

A

Dar + Estar

Spanish/Español (18 decks)

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