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GCSE AQA Biology > B4 Organising Animals and Plants > Flashcards

B4 Organising Animals and Plants Flashcards

1
Q

What does blood do?

A

Carry substances around the body

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2
Q

Name the 4 components of blood

A
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Plasma
  • Platelets
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3
Q

What does plasma transport?

A
  • Blood cells
  • CO2 to the lungs
  • Urea to the kidney
  • Products of digestion from the small intestine
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4
Q

Function of RBC

A
  • Transport oxygen around the body
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5
Q

Adaptations of RBC

A
  • Biconcave shape -> increase surface area
  • No nucleus -> more space for haemoglobin
  • Contain haemoglobin -> bind to oxygen
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6
Q

Function of WBC

A

To fight against infections and foreign pathogens

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7
Q

Adaptations of WBC

A
  • Phagocytes to engulf pathogens
  • Lymphocytes to produce antitoxins and antibodies
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8
Q

Function of Platelets

A
  • Blood clotting
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9
Q

Adaptations of Arteries

A
  • Small lumen -> high pressure from heart pumping
  • Thick layer of muscle and elastic fibre
  • Thick wall
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10
Q

Functions of Arteries

A

To carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body

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11
Q

Adaptations of Veins

A
  • Large lumen -> low pressure and no pulse
  • Often have valves -> so blood flows the correct way
  • Relatively thin walls -> low pressure and no pulse
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12
Q

Function of Veins

A

To carry blood from the organs back to the heart

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13
Q

Adaptations of Capillaries

A
  • Single-cell thick walls
  • Tiny vessel with a narrow lumen
  • There are lots of them
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14
Q

Function of Capillaries

A

To join arteries and veins through organs

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15
Q

What is the double circulatory system?

A

A system where blood passes through the heart twice for every complete circuit of the body

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16
Q

Advantages of the double circulatory system

A

The pressure of oxygenated blood is increased coming from the lungs before getting sent out to the rest of the body -> Oxygenates the body quicker

17
Q

What are the four chambers of the heart?

A
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle
18
Q

Function of valves

A

To make sure blood goes the correct way (prevent backflow of blood)

19
Q

Function of pacemaker cells

A

Control how fast your heart beats

20
Q

Where are the pacemaker cells located

A

In the right atrium

21
Q

Why are the left muscles of the heart so thick?

A

It has to pump blood all around the body, unlike the right ventricle which only has to pump blood to the lungs

22
Q
A

GCSE AQA Biology (18 decks)

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