Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Orthotics > treatable issues > Flashcards

treatable issues Flashcards

1
Q

Plantar Fasciitis Symptoms

A

Heel and/or arch pain that worsens on initial WB after periods of NWB; may decrease while walking and increase with sustained walking or static standing; focal tenderness at calcaneal tubercle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plantar Fasciitis Causes

A

Rarely traumatic; usually mechanical with a gradual onset; abrupt activity change; poor shoe choice/fit for activity; no shoes on hard surfaces; muscle tightness/weakness leading to excess fascial stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Plantar Fasciitis Common treatments

A

NSAIDS, Ice, Injection, PT for modalities & exercise; taping; Pedorthic care to address footwear/orthotic needs; night splinting & immobilization PRN.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Plantar Fasciitis Diagnostics

A

X-ray vs. Dx ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Plantar Fasciitis is most common in _____________ to ___________ feet

A

normal; cavus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_________% of the population may present with heel pain over the course of their lives

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD) is most common in ____________ feet

A

planus (flat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): what is usually typical presentation?

A

Navicular drop, valgus calcaneal stance, forefoot abduction, localized tenderness along the PTT, and pain on palpation of the medial deltoid ligament and/or spring ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the key test for Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD)?

A

single-limb calf raise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): gait

A

usually poor quality with limited or no forefoot propulsion due to pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Those with Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD) occasionally present with ________ feet due to functional instability

A

cavus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): treatment

A

Commonly treated medically with NSAIDS & rest; occasionally immobilized with casting/cam walker when acute; PT for modalities, exercise and taping.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): key factor!

A

This is almost ALWAYS a mechanical/positional issue; treatment that does not include positional correction/support is likely to fail over the long-term.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): mild to moderate strains treatment

A

orthotic and shoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tibialis Tendonitis or Dysfunction (PTTD): for tendon failure or gross deformity treatment

A

bracing, shoes or surgery are likely in order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metatarsalgia

A

Forefoot pain with loading/weight-bearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mechanical reasons for Metatarsalgia

A

Cavus feet with tight heel cords and steep forefoot axis; collapsed forefoot transverse arch; degraded forefoot fat pad; altered 1st MTPJ function (with or w/o planus feet).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Environmental reasons for metatarsalgia

A

Ill-fit shoes; poor shoe choice for activity (or prolonged activity w/o shoes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Structural reasons for Metatarsalgia

A

Toe deformities, IPK/callousing, stress reactions, capsulitis of the toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

common interventions for Metatarsalgia

A

Orthoses to address positional issues; proper fit footwear; PT for modalities, manual therapy and exercise/gait training; education in callous/skin care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Prevalence of Metatarsalgia: _____% in 18-65 year olds and ______% in those over 65

A

23, 35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Metatarsal/Transverse Arch Collapse

A

1st ray insufficiency syndrome that causes a splayed forefoot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Claw Toe Deformity

A

Ext of MTP, Flexion of PIP and DIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hammer Toe Deformity

A

Ext of MTP, Flexion of PIP and Ext of DIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Mallet Toe Deformity

A

Primarily flexion of the DIP

26
Q

Neuromal irritation

A

Forefoot symptoms that include referred symptoms such as numbness, pain, and burning, generally into the toes

27
Q

Causes of Neuromal irritation

A

similar to metatarsalgia; may occur with or without deformity present

28
Q

Neuromal irriation intervention

A

similar to metatarsalgia; often injected by DPM/ortho;PT/Pedorthic care

29
Q

Neuromal irritation symptom presentation

A

symptoms increase with palpation of intermetatarsal space &/or forefoot squeeze test; sx often remain irritable in NWB (longer than with pure metatarsalgia)

30
Q

Need to determine if neuromal irritation is ______________ or ______________

A

radicular or neuropathic

31
Q

Forefoot squeeze test

A

squeeze forefoot/intermetatarsal space to see if symptoms are provoked, used for neuromal irritation

32
Q

Functional Hallux limitis

A

restriction in WB related to mechanical alignment/issues

33
Q

Structural Hallux limitis

A

Restriction in NWB related to capsular and/or boy abnormality

34
Q

Hallux rigidis

A

Functionally fused 1st MTPJ due to bony/capsular restriction.

35
Q

Hallux abductovalgus deformity

A

Classic bunion deformity with valgus drift of the great toe; altered FHL tendon position/function. Consider how this affects function of the 1st ray and medial column; Consider how this affects altering function of the other metatarsals with ff loading

36
Q

Morton’s toe

A

Structurally short 1st ray relative to the other metatarsals. Consider implications on medial column engagement during late stance

37
Q

Bunions

A

the result of exostosis of the 1st met head causing drift of the phalanx.

38
Q

Exostosis

A

Benign outgrowth of bone; most commonly medial and dorsal on the 1st & 5th met heads. Can occur without a bunion. Exostosis with mobility is often painful. Exostosis with rigidity may be painless if position is functional.

39
Q

Bunionettes (Tailor’s Bunion)

A

Bunions occurring at the 5th toe; primary issue is generally with shoe fit; creates callous/corn issues due to neighboring toe friction/deformity

40
Q

Hallux abductovalgus positional managment

A

silicone or foam toe separator

41
Q

Sesamoiditis

A

focal pain/tenderness at the plantar base of the 1st met head with pressure/WB.

42
Q

causes of sesamoiditis

A

Sesamoid fracture; unstable bipartite sesamoid; hallux limitis; cavovarus foot with PF’d 1st ray; footwear issues; IMPACT

43
Q

treatment of sesamoiditis

A

NSAIDS, rest, PT for manual therapy, therapeutic ex, gait training and modal, pedorthic care to address footwear/orthoses.

44
Q

Bi-partite sesamoid

A

Rare in the fibular sesamoid; Tibial occurs in 10% of population; bilateral in about 25% of these

45
Q

Most often, a pure achilles tendonitis is ________________ with a __________ onset. Consider ___________ origin as the cause

A

idiopathic; gradual; mechanical

46
Q

Sometimes its difficult to differentiate Achilles insertional tendonitis vs __________________

A

posterior calcaneal bursitis

47
Q

What can contribute to Achilles tendon dysfunction?

A

Look for PTT/peroneal tendon contributions, adaptive tendon shortening, varus/valgus calcaneal stance, and footwear

48
Q

____________ Achilles tears may be the reason behind lack of conservative care success and _________________________ may be necessary acutely

A

intrinsic; Putting slack into the tendon &/or immobilization

49
Q

PT interventions for Achilles Tendon Dysfunction

A

local modalities PRN, MT, TE, gait training & taping procedures

50
Q

Charcot Arthropathy

A

Neurovascular alteration of the midfoot typically associated with DM; progressive disorder; deformity occurring during the active process is irreversible. Immobilization, NWB, and medical care during the acute stage is imperative to avoid gross deformity

51
Q

Signs and symptoms of Charcot arthropathy

A

Abrupt onset of erythema, edema, & planus foot position. Often non-painful due to neuropathy.

52
Q

Charcot arthropathy intervention

A

If there is any question that this is a possibility, advise the client to go NWB and immediately refer to DPM/MD for dx testing to r/o Charcot arthropathy

53
Q

Charcot arthropathy chronic stages

A

Will require footwear (often custom) and custom accommodative orthoses once stabilized

54
Q

Charcot Joint

A

Neuropathic Arthropathy; Progressive destructive arthropathy 2° to neurological condition

55
Q

Excessive foot pronation results in excessive ____ moment throughout the kinetic chain in WB

A

IR

56
Q

Excessive IR throughout the LE results in altered _______________ in standing and gait

A

lumbopelvic position & mobility

57
Q

Excessive foot supination results in increased LE _____ in WB/gait positions.

A

ER

58
Q

Lack of functional pronation ___________ impact forces up the kinetic chain.

A

increases

59
Q

Altered supination/pronation mechanics alters _______________ relationships of musculature throughout the LE and lumbopelvic regions during gait.

A

length/tension

60
Q

Leg length issues alter_______________ relationships as well as ___________________

A

length/tension; bony structural alignments

61
Q

_______ are often an important missing piece of a long-term comprehensive solution in conservative care

A

orthoses

Orthotics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions