Unit 2 Fats And Oils

Question 1

Why are fats and oils important?

Answer 1

A concentrated source of energy
Essential for the transport and storage of fat soluble vitamins in our body

Question 2

Fats and oils belong to which family of compounds?

Answer 2

Esters

Question 3

What are fats and oils made of and what are these?

Answer 3

Glycerol(A triol)
Fatty acids(long chain of carboxylic acids)

Question 4

Name the reaction in which fats and oils are made?

Answer 4

Condensation

Question 5

What is the systematic name for glycerol?

Answer 5

Propan-1,2,3-triol

Question 6

What does the reaction of making fats and oils produce?

Answer 6

Fat/oil and water

Question 7

Carbon to carbon single bonds means the molecule is?

Answer 7

Saturated

Question 8

Carbon to carbon double bonds means the molecule is?

Answer 8

Unsaturated

Question 9

What are the names of different amounts of fatty acids reacting with glycerol?

Answer 9

Monoglyceride
Diglyceride
Triglyceride

Question 10

What is the intermolecular bonding present in fats and oils?

Answer 10

Monoglycerides have one ester link that have polar bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms. This results in pd pd interactions occurring between molecules.
Also have 2 hydrogens bonded to higley electronegative atoms resulting in polar bond. Hydrogen bonding.

Question 11

What are the properties of oils?

Answer 11

Unsaturated(c=c)which results in molecule being distorted
Preventing them packing tightly together
Resulting in weaker intermolecular bonding
Less energy required to break bond

Question 12

What are the properties of fats?

Answer 12

Saturated(fewer c=c) molecule is not distorted and can pack tightly together
Results in stronger intermolecular bonding
More energy required to break bonds

Question 13

What are mp of fats and oils?

Answer 13

Oils have lower mp than fats

Question 14

What reaction is used to convert oils to fats?

Answer 14

Hrydogenation

Question 15

What is hydrogenation?

Answer 15

Is an addition reaction that involves adding hydrogen across the double bond in a molecule

Question 16

What happens during hydrogenation of oils converted to fats?

Answer 16

Adds hydrogen across double bond in a molecule
Results in oil becoming more saturated(fewer c=c)
Can pack tightly together and fat becomes a oil.

Question 17

What is the test for unsaturation?

Answer 17

Shake with bromie water
If solution decolourises quickly then substance is unsaturated.