POLIOMYELITIS Flashcards
1
Q
What’s the genome of polio?
A
ssRNA
2
Q
Different types of polios we have?
A
- Inapparent Polio (asymptomatic)
- Clinical polio
*Abortive polio-minor illness (presents with influenza like symptoms-fever, headache, sore throat, malaise & muscle pain
*Poliomyelitis-major illness
-Paralytic
-Non paralytic
3
Q
How is polio transmitted??
A
Faeco-orally
*Virus shed on stool
4
Q
What’ s the incubation period of polio
A
7-14 days
5
Q
What is scute flaccid paralysis, and how does it result?
A
It manifests 3-4 days after mild symptoms of paralytic polio have subsided.
6
Q
What are the possible complications from polio infection?
A
- Acute flaccid paralysis
- Meningitis/encephalitis
- Post-polio syndrome (A condition that can affect polio survivors decades after they recover from their initial polio virus infection)
7
Q
What’s polio case defination?
A
- Any child under 15 presenting with flaccid paralysis in the absence of injury
- And any person of any age presenting with flaccid paralysis when poli is suspected.
8
Q
Can you elaborate on post-polio syndrome?
A
- Occurs 15-40 years after u’ve recovered from your initial polio infection
It manifests as:
- Paralysis
- Feeling tired (mental and physical fatigue)
- Joint pain
8
Q
Why do we say polio is on a verge of eradication?
A
- Humans are the only reservoir
- There are vaccines in place for all 3 polio serotypes
- Good diagnostic and surveillance systems in place
9
Q
What are the vaccines in place to prevent polio infection?
A
- Oral polio vaccine (administered at birth)- Provides gut and systemic immunity. Covers serotype 1& 3
- Intramuscular polio vaccine (or Inactivated polio vaccine)- provides systemic immunity igG
10
Q
What have been polio eradication challenges??
A
- Introduction of IPV in childhood immunization program
- Switching from trivalent poli vaccine (covering all 3 serotypes) to bivalent poli vaccine.
11
Q
What’s vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis?
A
- Is a clinical disease similar to poliomyelitis appearing in a vaccinated individual within 7-30 days after administration of the OPV
