Chapter 17~18 Quiz 3 Flashcards
Explain this statement: “The most severe effect of a translational frameshift would be termination approximately 21 amino acids downstream from the mutation”
1). “Frameshift Mutation” refers a type of genetic mutation where nucleotides are inserted into or deleted from the DNA sequence in numbers that are not multiples of three.
2). “ translation” refers the process of protein synthesis guided by mRNA.
3). “termination approximately ….due to the frameshift, a stop codon (which signals the end of protein synthesis)
4). “21 amino acids” refer 3 stop codon, 64 in total
5). “Downstream” is the sequence of the genetic code that comes after (in the 3’ direction) a certain point.
why is albumin produced in liver but not in the lens of the eye?
because the liver is a hub for protein synthesis, while the lens of the eye focuses on transmitting light and forming clear images.
Describe alternative splicing and it biological significance, giveing a specific example
Alternative splicing ia a modification process of primary that produces different combination of exons to produce different proteins.
It’s biological significance incldes the procluction of diversity of proteuns.
_______and ______ are often combined in recombinant DNA technology projects ?
A. inactivated tumor suppressor and activated oncogene
B. restriction endonuclease and DNA ligase
C. chicken pox in childhood and shingles in old age
D. hemophilia and inherited immunodeficiency
E. insulin resistance and retrotransposon-mediated jumping of Alu element.
restriction endonuclease and DNA ligase
In the tryptophan operon of E.coil, ____________
A. Trp is the corepressor
B. cGMP bind the PDE domain
C. RNA polymerase II requires TBP to recognize a proteasome.
D. CAP is positively acting and inducer is negatively acting
E. genes in arginine biosynthetic pathway are feedback inhibited
Trp is the corepressor
Which combine to activate eukarytic gene transcription ?
A. primase , DNA polymerase III
B. HIV 1 reverse transcriptase and protease
C. Lac repressor, CAP protein, B-galactosidase
D. snRNP , spliceosome
E. Enhancer , enhancer binding protein , mediator, TBP
Enhancer , enhancer binding protein , mediator, TBP
Which is involved in targeted mRNA degradation ?
A. TAATA box and TBP
B. tRNA nonsense code
C. miRNA
D. 5’-OH on incoming dNTP
E. DNA primer synthesized by primase
miRNA
Crystallin is _________
A. a maternal effect gene product responsible for posterior development
B. a master regulatory transcription factor for muscle
C. a maternal effect gene product responsible for posterior development
D. the main protein component in lens of the eye
E. responsible for commitment to erythropoiesis.
the main protein component in lens of the eye
Acetylation of lysine close to the amino end of histone H3 is mainly associated with ______ ?
A. ribosome muturation
B. tumor promotion
C. lymphoproliferation
D. chromatin compaction
E. transcription activation
transcription activation
Targeted degradation of protein most involves _______ ?
A. Golgi and glycosylation
B. RNA, miRNAs and siRNA
C. nuclear transport of ribosomal proteins for ribosome assembly
D. ubiquitin and the proteosome
E. enhancer and mediator
ubiquitin and the proteosome
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a(n) ______mutation .
A. missense
B. silent
C. nonsense
D. frameshift
E. embryonic lethal
missense
The bicoid mutation causes the fruit fly embryo to have ________ ?
A. no wing
B. two heads and no tail
C. no head and two tail
D. white eyes
E. a leg replacing an antenna
no head and two tail
how do the elongation factors EF-TU and EF-G function in translation ?
EF-Tu binds and delivers an aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal A site
EF-G helps translocate the tRNAs between their binding sites after the peptide bond is formed.
