Midterms reviewer

Question 1

The relationship between linguistic signs (e.g., words) and their meanings is arbitrary, meaning there is no inherent connection between the sound of a word and its referent

Answer 1

Arbitariness

Question 2

is the vowel-like sound responding to human sounds more definite

Answer 2

Cooing/Pre talking stage

Question 2

refers to the ability to use language to refer to things not present in the immediate environment,

Answer 2

Displacement

Question 2

infants produce as consonant-vowel combinations

Answer 2

babbling stage

Question 2

where a small set of discrete units (phonemes) is combined to form a larger set of meaningful units (morphemes and words).

Answer 2

Duality of patterning

Question 2

is the mini sentences with simple semantic relations. As Fromkin (1983:329) states that children begin to form actual two-word sentences

Answer 2

Two word stage

Question 2

proposes that the ability to acquire language is innate and biologically wired in the human brain

Answer 2

nativist approach by noam chomsky

Question 2

a set of inherent linguistic structures and principles common to all human languages.

Answer 2

Universal grammar

Question 2

is the children‟s first single word which represent to a sentence.

Answer 2

Holophrastic

Question 2

Swiss psychologist placed acquisition of language within the context of a child’s mental or cognitive development

Answer 2

Jean piaget

Question 3

When the child begins to produce utterances that are longer than two words, these utterances appear to be “sentence-like”; they have hierarchical, constituent structures similar to the syntactic structures found in the sentences produced by adult grammar.

Answer 3

Telegraphic

Question 3

at this stage is fastest increase in vocabulary with many new additions everyday; no babbling at all; u

Answer 3

Later multiword stage

Question 4

He first suggested social Interactionist Theory

Answer 4

Jerome Bruner

Question 4

he is best known for his contributions to classical conditioning

Answer 4

Ivan pavlov

Question 4

He claims that children are biologically programmed for language and that language develops in the child in just the same way that other biological functions develop.

Answer 4

Noam Chomsky

Question 4

She demonstrated that children learn language not as a series of separate discrete items, but as an integrated system

Answer 4

Jean Berko

Question 5

He is the founder of behaviorist theory

Answer 5

John B Watson

Question 6

He is the proponent of Connectionism (Law of Learning)

Answer 6

Edward Thorndike

Question 6

He considers all learning to be the establishment of habits as a result of reinforcement and reward

Answer 6

BF Skinner

Question 7

He emphasized the importance of the cultural and social context in language learning.

Answer 7

Lev Vygotsky

Question 8

is the central idea behind the behavioristic theory in language acquisition

Answer 8

Imitation And innateness

Question 9

It is actually a theory of native language learning, advanced in part as a reaction to traditional grammar

Answer 9

Behaviorist Theory

Question 10

It claims that the linguistic stimulus elicits a mediating response

Answer 10

Mediation theory

Question 11

It is a method of learning that uses reward and punishment to modify behaviour.

Answer 11

Operant Conditioning

Question 12

• It is a theory that states behaviors are learned by connecting a neutral stimulus with a positive one

Answer 12

Classical conditioning

Question 13

It emphasizes the social context and the role of interaction in language acquisition.

Answer 13

Social interactionist approach

Question 14

It is the difference between what a child can do alone and what they can achieve with the help of a more knowledgeable person.

Answer 14

Zone of proximal development

Question 15

this theory of language acquisition suggest that language is acquired through social interaction.

Answer 15

Functional

Question 16

This pacesetters development is paced by the growth of conceptual and communicative capacities

level ito

Answer 16

on the functional level

Question 17

This pacesetters development is paced by the growth of perceptual and information-processing capacities

level ito

Answer 17

on the formal level

Question 18

• It has a stronger impact on memory formation

Answer 18

emotion

Question 19

The ability to comprehend and produce language, involving various cognitive processes like phonological processing, syntactic analysis, and semantic interpretation.

Answer 19

Language Processing

Question 20

It allows individuals to make sense of the world by recognizing and interpreting stimuli such as visual images, sounds, and tactile sensations.

Answer 20

Perception

Question 21

Primarily associated with language production and speech formation.

Answer 21

Brocas area

Question 22

Mainly involved in language comprehension

Answer 22

Wernicke’s area

Question 23

facilitates the transfer of information between Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area, playing a crucial role in the integration of language comprehension and production.

Answer 23

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 24

Processes auditory information, including speech sounds. It is essential for initial sound processing before higher-order language processing occurs

Answer 24

Primary auditory cortex

Question 25

reading, writing, and comprehension. Damage to this area can affect reading and mathematical abilities

Answer 25

Angular gyrus

Question 26

It plays a role in phonological processing, particularly in tasks involving articulation and pronunciation of words

Answer 26

Supramarginal Gyrus

Question 27

It controls voluntary movements, including the articulation of speech. The motor cortex works in conjunction with Broca’s area to produce coordinated speech.

Answer 27

Primary Motor Crtex