1.4 - Environmental effects on the body systems Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the effects of high altitude exposure on performance in aerobic and anaerobic activities

A
  • Decreased pp of O2 at altitude (air thinner)
  • increased breathing frequency
  • decreased blood/plasma volume
  • decreased stroke volume
  • decreased maximal cardiac output
  • reduced pressure gradient so less oxygen to muscles
  • improved anaerobic exercise
  • lower performance in aerobic activities
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2
Q

Explain what is meant by the term “cardiovascular drift” (4 marks)

A

Hot climate
- cardiovasular drift is the potential side affect
- increased heart rate at given intensity of sub maximal exercise
- due to water loss there is reduced plasma volume
- reduced stroke volume
- in order to maintain cardiac output heart rate must increase

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3
Q

Explain the process of thermoregulation

A

optimum body temp is 37 degrees C
1- Thermoregulation is the process of maintaining this internal core temp
2- thermo receptors detect change in temperature and relay to brain
3- brain sends nerve impulses to the blood vessels positioned near the surface of the skin (vasodilate) increases blood flow to skin so heat can be lost through sweat (cooling)

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4
Q

Explain how a performer might plan to optimise performance in their event which is due to take place in a hot climate (5 marks) - preventative measures

A

PRE COMP (lots of fluids 2-3l per day)
- 7-14 days acclimatisation at higher temp levels
means that increased blood plasma levels, decrease loss of electrolytes through sweat and decrease HR at all levels of exertion

DURING / POST
- wear suitable clothing
- water spray
- rehydrate
- using cooling aids
- drink lots of fluids

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