B7 - Non-communicable diseases Flashcards
What is coronary heart disease
layers of fatty material that build up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them - resulting in a lack of oxygen for the heart
what is a stent
a device inserted into blocked artery to keep it open, allowing more blood and oxygen to heart
what are statins
drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing the rate of fatty acid deposit
what is a faulty heart valve
heart valve that does not open properly or leaks
how can a faulty heart valve be treated
replacement - biological or mechanical
when do heart transplants take place
in cases of failure
what are artificial hearts used for
keep patients alive whilst waiting for a transplant, or allow the heart to rest for recovery
define health
state of physical and mental well-being
what factors can affect health
disease, diet, stress, exercise, life situations
what is a risk factor
aspect of lifestyle or substance in the body that can increase the risk of disease developing
give five risk factors
- poor diet
- lack of exercise
- smoking
- alcohol
- carcinogens
what is cancer
a result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and cell division by mitosis
what are malignant tumours
cancerous tumours that can spread to neighbouring tissues and other parts of the body by flowing in blood, forming secondary tumours
what are benign tumours
non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body
what two types of risk factor affect the development of cancers
lifestyle and genetic risk factors
