Mechanisms

Question 1

propofol mechanism of action

Answer 1

stimulation of GABA α receptors

Question 2

ketamine mechanism of action

Answer 2

noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist that blocks glutamate

Question 3

thiopental mechanism of action

Answer 3

short-acting barbiturate, activated GABA

Question 4

etomidate mechanism of action

Answer 4

GABA agonist

Question 5

dexmedetomidine mechanism of action

Answer 5

highly potent central acting α-2 adrenergic agonist

inhibits release of norepinephrine

decreases cAMP

Question 6

methohexital mechanism of action

Answer 6

enhances GABA

Question 7

succinylcholine mechanism of action

Answer 7

binds to 2 alpha subunits of nicotinic cholinergic receptors

allows Na and Ca influx and K efflux

mimics Acetylcholine

Question 8

neostigmine mechanism of action

Answer 8

inhibits hydrolysis of acetylcholine by AchE

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Question 9

edrophonium mechanism of action

Answer 9

inhibits hydrolysis of Acetylcholine by AchE

Question 10

physostigmine mechanism of action

Answer 10

inhibits cholinesterase

Question 11

sugammadex mechanism of action

Answer 11

selective relaxant binding agent that encapsulates roc, vecuronium, or pancuronium

Question 12

atropine mechanism of action

Answer 12

competitive acetylcholine antagonist at central and peripheral receptors

antimuscarinic, naturally occurring alkaloid

Question 13

glycopyrrolate mechanism of action

Answer 13

competitive acetylcholine antagonist, synthetic antimuscarinic

Question 14

scopolamine mechanism of action

Answer 14

competitive antagonist of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors

Question 15

ephedrine mechanism of action

Answer 15

sympathomimetic

directly stimulates α-1, β-1, and some β-2

indirectly stimulates endogenous release of norepinephrine or inhibits uptake

Question 16

phenylephrine mechanism of action

Answer 16

directly stimulates α-1, minimal stimulation of α-2 or β-1 at hight doses

Question 17

labetalol mechanism of action

Answer 17

nonselective β-1 and β-2 with selective α-1 adrenergic antagonist

considered a β- blocker

Question 18

esmolol mechanism of action

Answer 18

cardio-selective β-1 antagonist

Question 19

propranolol mechanism of action

Answer 19

non-selective β-1 and β-2 antagonism

Question 20

metoprolol mechanism of action

Answer 20

selective β-1 receptor blocker

Question 21

hydralazine mechanism of action

Answer 21

blocks Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

metoclopramide mechanism of action

Answer 22

D2 agonist in thechemoreceptor trigger zone

Question 23

pepcid mechanism of action

Answer 23

H2 receptor antagonist

Question 24

ondansetron mechanism of action

Answer 24

selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Question 25

promethazine mechanism of action

Answer 25

phenothiazine, H1 receptor antagonist, anticholinergic action, D2 antagonist in CHEMORECEPTOR TRIGGER ZONE

Question 26

hydroxizine mechanism of action

Answer 26

blocks acetylcholine in the vestibular apparatus, blocks H1 receptors in the solitary track

Question 27

oxytocin mechanism of action

Answer 27

indirectly ↑ intracellular Calcium

Question 28

methylergonovine (Methergine) mechanism of action

Answer 28

semisynthetic ergot alkaloid

arterial vasoconstriction by alpha stimulation

Question 29

carboprost (Hemabate) mechanism of action

Answer 29

a synthetic analog of prostaglandin F2

Question 30

cytotec mechanism of action

Answer 30

synthetic prostaglandin E1

Question 31

mag sulfate mechanism of action

Answer 31

inhibition of acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction

Question 32

labetalol mechanism of action

Answer 32

combined α- and β- antagonist

Question 33

nipride mechanism of action

Answer 33

potent arteriolar dilator

Question 34

nitroprusside mechanism of action

Answer 34

venodilator to ↓ cardiac filling

Question 35

ketorolac mechanism of action

Answer 35

NSAID

non-selective Cox 1 and Cox 2 inhibitor

Question 36

ofirmev mechanism of action

Answer 36

non -opioid