ppe 3 Flashcards
It is the first step in the processing of crude oil, and it takes place in a tall steel tower (fractionation column), the inside of which is divided at intervals by horizontal trays?
Distillation
A fractional distillation operation carried out on each side stream product immediately after it leaves the main distillation tower.
Stripping
A general term covering the re-distillation of any material and indicating, usually, that a large part of the material is distilled overhead.
Rerunning
Offers the advantage of a lower pressure drop across the column (when compared to plates or trays), beneficial when operating under vacuum.
Packing
Houses the column internals and together with the condenser and reboiler constitutes a distillation column, where separation of the components is carried out.
Vertical Shell
Holds the condensed vapour from the top of the column so that liquid (refux) can be recycled back to the column.
Reflux Drum
It provides the necessary vaporization for the distillation process
Reboiler
It is a type of tray in which caps are mounted over risers fixed on the plate.
Bubble Cap Try
It is the use of a third component to separate two close-boiling components by means of the formation of an azeotropic mixture between one of the original components and the third component to increase the difference in the boiling points and facilitates separation by distillation.
Azeotropic Distillation
It is the use of a third component to separate two close-boiling components in which one of the original components in the mixture is extracted by the third component and retained in the liquid phase to facilitate separation by distillation.
Extractive Distillation
It is another process used in petroleum refining to separate crude oil into its various components. It is similar to atmospheric distillation, but it operates at a lower pressure, which enables the separation of components with higher boing points.
Vacuum Distillation
(distillation towers) are made up of several components, each of which is used either to transfer heat energy or to enhance material transfer.
Columns - Distillation
It is a term that is sometimes applied to a highly efficient fractionating tower used to separate ordinary petroleum products
Superfractionation
come with different hole shapes (round, square, triangular, rectangular (slots), and star), various hole sizes (from about 2 mm to about 25mm), and several punch patterns (triangular, square, rectangular).
Sieve Tray
It is also a type of trays where it is round, square, rectangular, triangular), valve sizes, valve weights (light and heavy), orifice sizes, and either as fixed or floating valves.
Valve Tray
