ETHICAL STANDARD IN RESEARCH WRITING Flashcards
Enumerate the ETHICAL STANDARD IN RESEARCH WRITING
- Honesty with professional colleagues
- Protection from Harm
- Right to Privacy
a. Report findings with complete honesty
b. Do not intentionally misinform, mislead, and/or misinterpret
c. Give appropriate credit when using other people’s work
d. Avoid plagiarism by fully acknowledging all the contents belonging to others.
Honesty with professional colleagues
- Researchers should not expose their participants to physical or psychological harm.
- Participant should not be exposed to unusual stress, embarrassment, or loss of self-esteem as a result of their participation.
- In case the study contains a certain amount of stress or psychological discomfort, the participants should be aware of it and must explicitly express their consent to participate.
Protection from Harm
- Researchers should protect the privacy of their participants.
- The nature and quality of individual participant’s performance should be kept strictly confidential.
- Researchers should also consider the privacy of the participants by protecting the electronic data containing their confidential responses from hackers.
Right to Privacy
-is the appropriation of another person’s ideas, process, results, or words without giving appropriate credit, including those obtained through confidential review of others’ research proposals and manuscript.
-Form of scientific misconduct
PLAGIARISM
What are the 2 forms of plagiarism
-Self-plagiarism
-Duplicate plagiarism
The author copies the large parts of one of their previous manuscripts word for word.
Self-plagiarism
the author submits a previously-published work as if it is an original manuscript.
Duplicate plagiarism
the terms “published works” means works which, with the consent of the authors, are made available to the public in such a way that these works can be sourced from a place and time individually chosen by them. Needless to say, the availability of such copies is ensured, so as to satisfy the reasonable requirements of the public.
Intellectual property Code of the Philippines (RA 8293)
- In the case of the original literary and artistic works, copyright shall belong to the author of the work;
- In the case of works of joint authorship, the co-author shall be original owners of the copyright and the absence of agreement, their rights shall be governed by the rules on co-ownership.
- If, however, a work joint authorship consists of parts that can be used separately and the author of each part can be identifies, the author of each part shall be the original owner of the copyright of that part that he has created.
Rules on copyright ownership
- When an individual is claiming that he/she is the author or originator of another person’s work.
- When copying the whole written work or even words, ideas, or sentences from someone without acknowledging him/her.
- When one fails to put quote marks on a quotation or excerpt from an outside source.
When one good incorrect information about the source of quotation. - When changing words or ideas from a source without giving credit to the real author or source.
- When changing words but conveying the idea and using the sentence structure of an original source without acknowledging the author.
ACTS OF PLAGIARISM
WHAT ARE THE WAYS OF AVOIDING PLAGIARISM
- Citation
- Paraphrasing
- Quoting
- Referencing
The complete source or reference must be placed after the copied phrase or sentence using the prescribed format of citations
Citation.
This is a process by which information to be lifted is rephrased into one’s own words or how you understood the information. If it could not be use the same two words from the source, use quotation marks.
Paraphrasing.
When using materials from one’s own former writings, one has to quote himself/ herself and cite it again to avoid self-plagiarism.
Quoting.
