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GRADE 12 ME > GEN CHEM > Flashcards

GEN CHEM Flashcards

1
Q

T or F. Speed of light on vacuum applies on all members of electromagnetic spectrum.

A

T (all have same speed; diff wavelength and frequency)

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2
Q

A particular wavelength of a visible light corresponds to

A

color

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3
Q

Which color in the rainbow is refracted the most?

A

violet (short wavelengths experience more bent/refractions)

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4
Q

white light when shone in a prism will produce separated colors. What do you call the separation

A

dispersion (they disperse because they are refracted differently)

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5
Q

Who performed the double slit experiment in 1801 and what did it prove

A

Thomas Young - light behaves as a wave

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6
Q

theoretical objects that absorbs all and emits all

A

blackbody

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7
Q

Idea that Planck introduced

A

quantization of energy (energy is not continuous but quantized) - there is a limit to the energy of the light produced as opposed to the classical physics’ idea - thus limited emission and absorption of a blackbody

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8
Q

In photoelectric effect, the electrons ejected at a higher energy results to greater _______

A

kinetic energy

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9
Q

Electromagnetic radiation (refraction and diffraction) travels in

A

waves of specific wavelength and frequency

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10
Q

Electromagnetic radiation (blackbody radiation and photoelectric effect) travels in

A

particles (particle-like way)

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11
Q

According to quantum theory, an atom has only certain quantities of energy, which it can change only by _____ or _______ a ______

A

absorbing or emitting a photon

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12
Q

By shining white light on a prism, you will get all colors on the spectrum. this is called

A

continuous spectrum

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13
Q

Shining elements through a prism will not result to same spectrum of white light. what do you call this

A

line spectrum

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14
Q

How do scientists know the different elements present in a star

A

Different gases have different (emission) spectrums

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15
Q

Why are spectrums of elements not continuous

A

elements have different energy levels (energy is thus discrete) - acc to atomic spectra and bohr model

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16
Q

3 postulates of bohr model of single-electron species1

A
  1. H atom has only certain allowable energy levels (called stationary states - have specific energy)
  2. atom does not radiate energy while in one of its stationary states
  3. atom changes to another stationary state (electron moves to another orbit)
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17
Q

How can bohr model explain nuclear model’s problem with why electrons don’t fall onto the nucleus

A

atom does not radiate energy while in one of its stationary states (orbit)

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18
Q

Why is there mixing of orbitals sometimes?

A

The higher the stationary state the close the gap

19
Q

You will get an emission spectrum if _____ is released

A

energy

20
Q

emission spectrum if energy is released and this released energy corresponds to

A

a different wavelength and therefore different color

21
Q

who believed that matter could perhaps be wavelike

A

Louis de Broglie

22
Q

de Broglie’s wavelength is used to solve wavelength for any matter that has?

A

speed

23
Q

An alpha particle is equivalent to

A

a helium nucleus (he2+)

24
Q

states that it is impossible to know the exact position and momentum of a particle simultaneously

A

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

25
Q

principle stating that there are no fixed paths for electrons such as orbits and introduced orbitals

A

Heisenberg Principle - reason why bohr model can’t be right (it only explained why electrons don’t spiral into nucleus-because if you know the path you can know both position and momentum)

26
Q

examines wave nature of electrons on atomic scale

A

quantum mechanics

27
Q

he derived an equation that is the basis for the quantum-mechanical model of the hydrogen atom

A

Erwin Schrodinger (1926)

28
Q

Calculating schrodinger’s equation shows us the allowed values of _______ of an atom

A

energy

29
Q

It’s hard to determine the position of an electron due to it being a wave, why?

A

a wave diffuses

30
Q

a wave occupies a certain region close to the nucleus called an

A

orbital

31
Q

mathematical description of the electron’s matter-wave in terms of position in 3-dimensions

A

wave function

32
Q

Solving the ______ using schrodinger eq will give you an idea where the electron could be(probability)

A

wave function

33
Q

region in space (3d) where there is a 90 percent of probability of finding an electron

A

orbital

34
Q

An atomic orbital is specified by

A

3 quantum numbers (n, l, ml)

35
Q

indicates size of an orbital; distance from nucleus; energy level

A

principal quantum number (n)

36
Q

related to the shape of an orbital (azimuthal)

A

angular momentum quantum number (l)

37
Q

it tells the number of allowed sublevels/subshells

A

principal qn (n)

38
Q

prescribes the orientation of the orbital

A

magnetic quantum number

39
Q

orbitals that have the same energies

A

degenerate orbitals

40
Q

each orbital can occupy a maximum of how many electrons

A

2

41
Q

it describes the angular momentum of an electron

A

spin quantum number (4th quantum number) - ms

42
Q

If 2 electrons occupy the same orbital they must

A

have opposite spins (-1/2 and +1/2)

43
Q

States that no 2 electrons in the same atom can have identical values for all four of their quantum numbers

A

Pauli’s exclusion principle (no more 2 electrons can occupy and if same orbital must have opposite spins)

44
Q

In classical theory, it is impossible to predict energy-absorbs infinite; emits infinite- what is this catastrophe

A

Ultraviolet catastrophe/Rayleigh-Jeans catastrophe - oven & UV

GRADE 12 ME (21 decks)

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