4.3.1 Measures Of Development ✅

Question 1

how is development measured?

Answer 1

Improvements in living standards.

Question 2

what is a developed country like?

Answer 2

• High GDP per head.
• HIgh education + healthcare.
• transport infasctucture.
• de-inustrialising.
• no corruption.

Question 3

how are developing countries?

Answer 3

• low human capita (less skilled).
• high unemployment.
• low health rates.
• high population growth.
• corruption.

Question 4

what is the HDI index? what are the dimensions? how does it work

Answer 4

Human development index = measure econ dev by UN.
- health (life expectancy)
- education (mean school years).
- income (GNI per capita).
All have equal weighting and give a mean between 0 to 1 (higher = greater development).

Question 5

advanatages of HDI?

Answer 5

• Easy to calculate (govs collect stats used anyways).
• Three factors are key.

Question 6

disadvanatges of HDI?

Answer 6

• Issues w figures = health doesnt consider quality of life + education doesnt consider success rates.
• Not consider equality of income.
• Three dimensions is too simplistic (other factors eg. corruption freedom).

Question 7

what are two other measures of devlopment?

Answer 7

• Inequality adjusted human dev index.
• Genuine progress indicator.

Question 8

explain the ineqality human devlopment index? (IHDI)

Answer 8

• Incldues a fourth dimension = inequality.
• Measures for inequality for education, income and health.

Question 9

explain the genuine progress indicator? what does it show/prove?

Answer 9

• Three main catagories = econ, ecoial, enviroment (have 26 sub indicators).
• Also looks at econ stability (development of future).
• econ = consumption + unemployment.
• Enviro = pollution + loss of natural areas + natural resources.
• Social = crime + parenting.
  Developing countries experience negatiev growth due to enviroment impact (growth is unsustainable).