Endometrial polyps Flashcards
Definition
An endometrial polyp is a growth of small, typically benign, tumour that develops in the lining of endometrium
Epidemiology
Women in 40’s or 50’s and those who have undergone menopause
Aetiology + Risk factor
Aetiology unknown but risk factors:
- Excess oestrogen
- Women in their 40s and 50s
- Obesity
- Genetics
- Use of medications such as tamoxifen
- Chronic inflammation
- Previous uterine surgery
Pathophysiology
Overgrowth of the endometrial tissue which results in the formation of polyps due to hormonal imbalance.
Composed of glandular and fibrous tissue. This glandular tissue produces excess oestrogen which can contribute to the growth of the polyp.
Symptoms
Menorrhagia
Intermenstrual bleeding
Post menopausal bleeding
Pelvic pain
Dyspareunia
Infertility
Diagnosis
FIRST LINE = Transvaginal USS
GOLD STANDARD = Hysterectomy with biopsy
MRI
Treatment
ASx: Watch and wait
Sx: FIRST LINE: Hysteroscopic polypectomy
Hormonal treatment: e.g. progestogens if FL not suitable for Px.
Hysterectomy: in rare cases recommended for women with large or multiple endometrial polyps, causing severe symptoms, or if cancer suspected.
Complications
Recurrence,
Cancer,
Anaemia,
Infertility