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french wine scholar 2024 > Bourgogne > Flashcards

Bourgogne Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the percentage of wine in Bourgogne that is sold through Négociants ?

A

52%

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2
Q

From north to south what are the 5 subregions in Bourgogne?

A
  1. Chablis & Auxerrois
  2. Côte de Nuits
  3. Côte de Beaune
  4. Côte Chalonnaise
  5. Mâconnais
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3
Q

How many regional AOCs are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 7 regional AOCs;
over 1/2 of total wine production in Bourgogne

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4
Q

How many Village level wines are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A
  • There are 44 Village wine AOC’s representing 37% of total production
  • These are usually a blend of several vineyards around the Village
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5
Q

How many 1er Cru vineyards are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 662 1er Cru vineyards representing 10% of total production

The name of the village (and vineyard if only from 1 vineyard) and the words “premier” or “1er” Cru will appear on the label.

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6
Q

How many Grand Cru vineyards are in Bourgogne and what percentage of total production do they represent?

A

There are 33 Grand Cru vineyards representing 1% of total production.

Name of vineyards and the words “Grand Cru” will appear on the label.

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7
Q

What is the primary grape of Chablis?

A

Chardonnay

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8
Q

What are the 2 soil types in Chablis?

A
  1. Kimmeridgean Marl: Grand Cru, Premier Cru and most of Chablis AOC
  2. Portlandian Marl: Petit Chablis AOC
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9
Q

What is the AOC quality pyramid in Chablis?

A
  1. Grand Cru AOC (1 Grand Cru with 7 climats)
  2. Chablis AOC (40 Premier Cru climats)
  3. Petit Chablis AOC
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10
Q

Where are the Petit Chablis AOCs located?

A

Either on Portlandian soils towards the hilltops or on less ideal land away from the principal slopes and valleys fo the appelation.

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11
Q

What are the details on the principle AOCs of the Grand Auxerrois?

A

Production is 60% white, 40% red
* Saint-Bris AOC: Sauvignon Blanc/Gris (Kimm. & Port.)
* Irancy AOC: Pinot Noir (Kimm.)
* Vézelay AOC: Chardonnay (clay & limestone)

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12
Q

Where is the Irancy AOC located?

A
  • In the Grand Auxerrois
  • Southwest of Chablis
  • Produces wine from Pinot Noir, sometimes blended with Cesar
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13
Q

In Chablis, What is unique about the Saint-Bris AOC?

A

It is the only AOC in Bourgogne making wine from Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris.

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14
Q

What type of wine is bottled in the Châtillonnais?

A

Top quality Crémant de Bourgogne

This area only has regional bottlings, no AOCs.

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15
Q

Where is the Côte de Nuits located?

A

This escarpment is 12 miles long between Dijon and Corgoloin.

Most vineyards face east.

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16
Q

What are the grapes of the Côte de Nuits?

A

The grapes are Pinot Noir and Chardonnay with some Aligote and Pinot Gris (aka Pinot Beurot).

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17
Q

What is the production like in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Production is almost entirely red.

There are 9 AOCs, 24 Grand Crus
With Marsannay AOC producing rosé
and Musigny Grand Cru producing white.

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18
Q

What are the Villages in the Côte de Nuits Villages?

A
  1. Fixin (north)
  2. Bronchon (north)
  3. Premeaux (south)
  4. Comblanchien (south)
  5. Corgoloin (south)
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19
Q

Describe the Marsannay AOC in the Côte de Nuits.

A
  • No premier Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Known for its production of delicate and fruity rosé (Pinot Gris and/or Pinot Noir)
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20
Q

How long is the Bourgogne wine region from north to south?

A

140 Miles

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21
Q

What is the climate in Bourgogne?

A

Chablis = continental with oceanic influences

Côte de Nuits to the Côte Châtillonnais = continental.

Mâconnais = continental with Mediterranean influences

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22
Q

When did the Romans land in Bourgogne?

A

The 1st century BC

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23
Q

Who took over Bourgogne when the Roman Empire began its decline?

A

The Germanic tribe Burgondes around 450 AD

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24
Q

Who were the Dukes of Burgundy?

A

They ruled Bourgogne from the 14th to 15th centuries:

Philippe the Bold
John the Fearless
Philippe the Good
Charles the Rash

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25
Q

What events resulted in major challenges for the Bourgogne wine trade in the 17th to 19th centuries?

A
  1. French Revolution (1789)
  2. High prices compared to other regions
  3. Royalty and nobility built châteaux along the Loire and drank Loire wines.
  4. Phylloxera
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26
Q

What are the major soil types in Bourgogne?

A

Limestone & Marls
(Kimmeridgean Marl &
Portlandian Marl)

The bottom plate of the region = granite. Marls are limestone-rich clay.

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27
Q

Which subregion in Bourgogne has the youngest topsoil?

A

Chablis

145 million years

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28
Q

What subregion in Bourgogne has the oldest topsoil?

A

Mâconnais

195 million years

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29
Q

What is the expression of Chardonnay on marl, clay & limestone?

A

Marl: dense, powerful & age-worthy
Clay: structured, earthy & round
Limestone: high acid, minerality & citrus

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30
Q

What is the expression of Pinot Noir on marl, clay, and limestone?

A

Marl: structured & fruity
Clay: less aromatic, less complex. Need 5-7 years to evolve
Limestone: elegant & aromatic

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31
Q

What grapes can go into Bourgogne Blanc?

A

overwhelmingly Chardonnay

Can have some Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris in the field blend.

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32
Q

In Bourgogne what is the synonym for Pinot Gris?

A

Pinot Beurot

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33
Q

What grapes can go into Bourgogne Rouge?

A

Normally 100% Pinot Noir, but can include other varieties

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34
Q

What grapes go into Bourgogne Rosé?

A

normally Pinot Noir, but can include other varieties

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35
Q

What are the major grapes of Bourgogne?

A
  • Chardonnay 51% of area under vine
  • Pinot Noir 39.5% of area under vine
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36
Q

What is in the Bourgogne Pass-Tout-Grains AOC?

A

At least 30% Pinot Noir and at least 15% Gamay

Other varieties can be used if they are in a field blend.

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37
Q

What grapes are in Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Most often:
* Chardonnay
* Pinot Blanc
* Pinot Gris
* Pinot Noit

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38
Q

What is Cremant de Bourgogne “Grand Eminent”?

A
  • minimum 36 months on the lees
  • 3 months in the cellar after degorgement
  • minimum of 10% alcohol
  • Whites: Chardonnay & Pinot Noir only
  • Rosés: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and up to 20% Gamay

Only first 75% of the juice extracted from the press can be used.

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39
Q

What is Cremant de Bourgogne “Eminent”?

A

24 months on the lees

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40
Q

Where on the slope are the Premier Crus located?

A

At the top

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41
Q

Where on the slope are the Grand Crus located?

A

Mid-Slope

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42
Q

What are the aspect of slopes in the Côte de Nuits and the Côtes de Beaune?

A
  • Côte de Nuits: most vineyards face East
  • Côte de Beaune: most face southeast
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43
Q

What are the levels of AOC’s in Bourgogne?

A
  • 7 Regional AOCs (52%)
  • Village AOCs (37%) + Premier Crus (10%)
  • Grand Cru AOCs (1%)
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44
Q

Locate these villages: Côte de Beaune or Côte de Nuits:
* Puligny-Montrachet
* Santenay
* Vougeot

A
  • Puligny-Montrachet: Côte de Beaune
  • Santenay: Côte de Beaune
  • Vougeot: Côte de Nuits
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45
Q

What is the compound name for Bourgogne villages?

A

King Louis-Philipe granted the village of Gevrey the right to append the name of its most famous vineyard. Most villages followed suit.

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46
Q

Where are the 33 Grand Crus located in Bourgogne?

A
  • 1 in Chablis (7 Climats)
  • 24 in Côte de Nuits (only 1 white)
  • 8 Côte de Beaune (only 1 red)
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47
Q

What is the name of the 1 white Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Musigny

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48
Q

What is the name of the 1 red Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune?

A

Corton

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49
Q

Where are these Grand Crus: Chablis, CdN or CdB?
* Chevalier-Montrachet
* Le Clos
* Corton
* Bonnes-Mares
* Le Montrachet
* Valmur
* Chambertin
* La Tâche

A
  • Chevalier-Montrachet: Côte de Beaune
  • Le Clos: Chablis
  • Corton: Côte de Beaune
  • Bonnes-Mares: Côte de Nuits
  • Le Montrachet: Côte de Beaune
  • Valmur: Chablis
  • Chambertin: Côte de Nuits
  • La Tâche: Côte de Nuits
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50
Q

How many Chablis AOCs are there?

A

3
1. Grand Cru AOC (1 Grand Cru with 7 climats)
2. Chablis AOC (40 Premier Cru climats)
3. Petit Chablis AOC

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51
Q

What grapes are found in Saint- Bris AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris

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52
Q

What grapes dominate the wines of Irancy?

A

Pinot Noir with up to 10% Cesar

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53
Q

What is the percentage of red & white in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

over 60% red

Production volume is almost half of that of the Côte d’Or.

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54
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise AOC is dedicated to Aligoté?

A

Bouzeron

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55
Q

What are the white-only AOCs in the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Bouzeron & Montagny

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56
Q

In the Côte Chalonnaise what AOC is known for Crémant?

A

Rully

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57
Q

Which is the largest subregion in Bourgogne?

A

The Mâconnais

with regard to area under vine and wine production

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58
Q

What is the most planted grape variety in the Mâconnais?

A

Chardonnay

90% Chardonnay on limestone, marls, and flinty clays

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59
Q

What is unique about the soils of the Mâconnais?

A

The only area in Bourgogne where granite & schist appear.

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60
Q

What percentage of Mâconnais wine is bottled with the regional Mâcon AOC label?

A

80%

  • Mâcon (superieur)
  • Mâcon-Villages
  • Mâcon-Named Village
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61
Q

How are most red & rosés labeled in Mâcon?

A

Reds are labeled Mâcon (superieur) or Mâcon + Named Village

NO Macon-Villages

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62
Q

What type of wine does Pouilly-Fuissé make?

A

white (Chardonnay) only, many of them oaked

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63
Q

Which AOC in the Mâconnais was once part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint-Véran

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64
Q

What is the newest AOC in the Maconnais?

A

Viré-Clessé

1999

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65
Q

Locate these villages:
* Mercurey
* Montagny
* Marsannay
* Pouilly-Fuissé
* Bougros
* Nuits-Saint-Georges

A

Mercurey: Côte Chalonnaise
Montagny: Côte Chalonnaise
Marsannay: Côte de Nuits
Pouilly-Fuissé: Mâconnais
Bougros: Chablis, Grand Cru
Nuits-Saint-Georges: Côte de Nuits

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66
Q

Which village is home to 9 Grand Crus?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

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67
Q

What 4 rivers enabled Bourgogne to be on the major trade route between the Celtic Tribes and the Romans?

A
  1. Saône
  2. Rhône
  3. Loire
  4. Seine
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68
Q

When did many of the most famous vineyards in Bourgogne get named and delineated?

A

During the dark ages when the monasteries dominated

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69
Q

Who was the largest landowner in Bourgogne until the French Revolution?

A

The Benedictine Abbey of Cluny founded in 909 AD near Mâcon

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70
Q

What was Philippe the Bold famous for?

A

He outlawed the growing of Gamay in the Côte d’Or.

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71
Q

What was John the Fearless famous for?

A

He was appointed guardian of the future King of France; assassinated for being power-hungry.

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72
Q

What is Philippe the Good known for?

A
  • He captured Joan of Arc and surrendered her to the English.
  • He created a charity hospital the Hospices de Beaune for common people.
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73
Q

What happened by the 17th century as Bourgogne’s golden age ended?

A
  • Wine from Bourgogne was 10 times more expensive so only the richest could afford it
  • The nobility began building Chateaus on the Loire, drinking wines from there instead
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74
Q

What happened to Bourgogne during the French Revolution of 1789?

A
  • Church lands were confiscated and redistributed to the farmers
  • The great domains were broken up, only a few monopoles survived
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75
Q

What impact did the Napoleonic Code of 1804 have on Bourgogne?

A
  • It mandated that inheritable property be divided equally among siblings
  • This resulted in fractionalization of the vineyards
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76
Q

What was the result of Phylloxera?

A
  • It significantly reduced the area under vine
  • Economic activity took a downturn
  • Population declined and the area lost its dynamic momentum
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77
Q

What are the red/rosé and white wine production percentages in Bourgogne?

A

60% white
29% red and rosé

11% crémant

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78
Q

What percentage of France’s AOCs are in Bourgogne?

A

About 20%, roughly 100 out of 500+

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79
Q

A clay-limestone mixture is known as?

A

Marl

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80
Q

T or F? The Côte-d’Or is the western uplift of the Saone Graben.

A

True

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81
Q

The southernmost sub-region of Bourgogne is?

A

The Mâconnais

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82
Q

T or F? The soils of Bourgogne are sedimentary in nature?

A

True

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83
Q

Bourgogne’s colluvial soils are formed by?

A

Erosion

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84
Q

Where in Bourgogne will you find granite and schist?

A

The Mâconnais

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85
Q

In Bourgogne, a named parcel of land is often called a?

A

climat

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86
Q

Locate these villages:
* Gevrey-Chambertin
* Chambolle-Musigny
* Pommard
* Volnay
* Alox-Corton

A

Gevrey-Chambertin: Côte de Nuits
Chambolle-Musigny: Côte de Nuits
Pommard: Côte de Beaune
Volnay: Côte de Beaune
Aloxe-Corton: Côte de Beaune

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87
Q

What are the principle AOC villages in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A
  • Bouzeron- No ranked Crus known for Aligote
  • Rully- 23 Premiers Crus, known for Crémant
  • Mercurey - 31 Premiers Crus mostly red
  • Givry - 26 Premiers Crus mostly red
  • Montagny - 49 Premiers Crus, white only
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88
Q

Where is Bonnes Mares located?

A

Côte de Nuits

89
Q

Where is Musigny Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

90
Q

Where is Corton Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Beaune

91
Q

Where is Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

92
Q

Where is Saint Denis Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Nuits

93
Q

Where is Montrachet Grand Cru located?

A

Côte de Beaune

94
Q

Where is Bougros Grand Cru located?

A

Chablis

95
Q

Where is Vaudésir Grand Cru located?

A

Chablis

96
Q

Where is the town of Marsannay located?

A

Côte de Nuits

97
Q

Where is the town of Meursault located?

A

Côte de Beaune

98
Q

Where is the town of Monthelie located?

A

Côte de Beaune

99
Q

Where is the village of Nuits-Saint-Georges located?

A

Côte de Nuits

100
Q

Where is the village of Saint-Aubin located?

A

Côte de Beaune

101
Q

Where is the village of Saint Bris located?

A

Grand Auxerrois

102
Q

Where is the village of Gevrey located?

A

Côte de Nuits

103
Q

Describe the Cote de Beaune AOC of Maranges.

A
  • 7 Premier Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Southernmost AOC in the Côte de Beaune
  • Almost entirely red
104
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Santennay.

A
  • 12 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Most of the AOC and its 1er Crus are red
105
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Saint-Aubin.

A
  • 30 Premiers Crus (75% of vineyards are ranked as PC)
  • No Grand Crus
  • 80% white
106
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Chassagne-Montrachet.

A
  • 55 Premiers Crus
  • 3 Grand Crus
  • Grand Crus of Montrachet + Bâtard-Montrachet are shared with Puligny
107
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Puligny-Montrachet.

A
  • 17 Premiers Crus
  • 4 Grand Crus
  • More white-wine Grands Crus than any other village in Bourgogne
108
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Saint-Romain.

A
  • No Premier Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • 2/3 white and 1/3 red
  • At high elevation so the wines are lean, chiseled, and crisp
109
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Meursault.

A
  • 19 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • 96.5% is white and over 1/4 is Premier Cru
  • It lies in a broad coomb
110
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Auxey-Duresses.

A
  • 9 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • 2/3 red
111
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Monthélie.

A
  • 15 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Production primarily red
112
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Volnay.

A
  • 29 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Only red wine (soft, suppe mouthfeel)
  • 60% of its production is 1er Cru
113
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Pommard.

A
  • 28 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • high concentration of clay and active limestone
  • Only red wine (powerful, robust)
114
Q

What are the 2 ancillary grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Aligote & Gamay

115
Q

What are the 2 primary grapes of Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay & Pinot Noir

116
Q

Describe Chardonnay in Bourgogne.

A
  • It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
  • Likes limestone & limestone-rich marls
  • Early budding, early ripening & productive
  • Ripens to high sugar and extract levels
117
Q

Describe Pinot Noir in Bourgogne.

A
  • Prefers cooler climates
  • Likes limestone & limestone rich marls
  • Early budding & early ripening
  • Aromatic, good acidity, moderate tannins, moderate to light in color
118
Q

What is the Côte de Beaunes southernmost village?

A

Maranges

119
Q

What Bourgogne village makes wines from 100% Aligoté?

A

Bouzeron in the Côte Chalonnaise

120
Q

What 2 grapes are typically blended together to produce Passe-Tout-Grains?

A

Pinot Noir & Gamay

121
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise village is known for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Rully

122
Q

What are the 7 Climats of the Chablis Grand Cru AOC?

A
  1. Blanchot
  2. Bougros
  3. Les Clos
  4. Genouilles
  5. Preuses
  6. Valmur
  7. Vaudésir
123
Q

What Bourgogne commune was one part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint-Véran in the Mâconnais

124
Q

What is the primary grape of the Maconnais?

A

Chardonnay

125
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune for red wine?

A

The Corton Grand Cru AOC makes red wine in addition to the white wine

126
Q

White style of wine can be made in the Mâcon-Villages AOC

A

Dry whites only

127
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Beaune.

A
  • 42 Premiers Crus
  • no Grand Crus
  • 75% is premier cru level
128
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Savigny-lès-Beaune.

A
  • 22 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Most of the production is red
129
Q

What is the synonym for Pinot Gris in Bourgogne?

A

Pinot Beurot

130
Q

What is the primary soil type of the Côte de Nuits?

A

Limestone and Limestone-rich marls

131
Q

What type of soil does Pinot Noir prefer?

A

Limestone and limestone-rich marls

132
Q

What Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits is shared between Morey-Saint-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Bonnes Mares

133
Q

Where do Premier Crus fit in Bourgognes quality pyramid?

A

The Premier Crus are incorporated into the Village AOC category as climats.

134
Q

What area of Bourgogne is known for Kimmeridgean Marl soils?

A

The Grand and Premier Cru vineyards of Chablis.

135
Q

What is the climate of Chablis?

A

Continental with Maritime (Atlantic) influences

136
Q

What Côte Chalonnaise AOC produces only white wines?

A

Montagny

137
Q

Gamay is a cross between?

A

Gouais Blanc & Pinot

138
Q

What are the names of the 3 villages in the Côte de Beaune that share the Corton Grand Cru?

A

Ladoix
Aloxe-Corton
Pernand-Vergelesses

139
Q

For what style of wine is the Châtillonnais best known for?

A

Crémant de Bourgogne

Châtillonnais borders Champagne’s Côte de Bar

140
Q

What Bourgogne AOC produces wines from Sauvignon Blanc?

A

The Saint-Bris AOC in the Grand Auxerrois.

141
Q

What is the Northernmost Commune in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Marsannay

142
Q

What is marl?

A

It is a mixture of limestone and clay

143
Q

What village is home to the following Grand Cru:
* Clos de la Roche
* Clos Saint-Denis
* Clos des Lambrays
* Clos de Tart
* Bonnes-Mares (shared w/ Chambolle-Musigny)

A

Morey-Saint-Denis in the Côte de Nuits

144
Q

What is the vinous flagship of the Mâconnais?

A

Pouilly-Fuissé

145
Q

What is Le Bon Problème?

A

Global Warming

146
Q

What kind of marl is in the Chablis Grand Cru and Premier Cru vineyards?

A

Kimmeridgean Marl

147
Q

What kind of marl is in the Chablis and Petit Chablis vineyards?

A

Portlandian Marl

148
Q

What Bourgogne village is known for its dry fruity rosé?

A

Marsannay

149
Q

What is Passe-Tout-Grains?

A

It is a Pinot Noir & Gamay blend

150
Q

Most Burgundian Grand Crus are found on what part of the slope?

A

Mid-Slope

151
Q

What are the dominant soil types in the Côte-d’Or?

A

Limestone, clay & marl

152
Q

How many Grand Crus AOC’s are there in Bourgogne?

A

33

153
Q

How many Premier Crus Climats are there in Bourgogne?

A

662

154
Q

How many regional AOCs are there in Bourgogne?

A

7

155
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Fixin.

A
  • 6 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Production is mostly red
156
Q

What is a Climat?

A

A named parcel of land in Bourgogne

157
Q

What 2 Côte de Beaune villages produce only red wine?

A

Pommard & Volnay

158
Q

What Côte de Nuits villages have no Grand Cru’s?

A

Marsannay
Fixin
Nuits-Saint-Georges

159
Q

What village is home to La Tâche and Echezeaux Grand Crus?

A

Vosne-Romanée in the Côte de Nuits

160
Q

What is the only Côte de Nuits Grand Cru located at the bottom of a slope?

A

Clos de Vougeot

161
Q

What style of wine is produced in the Pouilly-Fuissé, Saint-Véran & Viré-Clessé AOC’s?

A

Dry whites from Chardonnay

162
Q

What Côte de Nuits village is known for rosé production?

A

Marsannay

163
Q

T or F? The Chablis Grand Cru AOC contains 6 Climats.

A

False

The correct answer is 7.

164
Q

Is the Côte de Sezanne part of Bourgogne?

A

No

165
Q

List the appellations found in the Côte de Nuits.

A
  1. Marsannay
  2. Fixin
  3. Gevrey-Chambertin
  4. Morey-Saint-Denis
  5. Chambolle-Musigny
  6. Vougeot
  7. Vosne-Romanée
  8. Nuits-Saint-Georges
  9. Côte de Nuits-Villages
166
Q

What is the only 100% Chardonnay AOC in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

Montagny

167
Q

AOC Saint Bris is made from?

A

Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris

168
Q

What region is Les Clos in?

A

Chablis Grand Cru AOC

169
Q

What region is Vosne-Romanée in?

A

Côte de Nuits

170
Q

What region is Pommard in?

A

Côte de Beaune

171
Q

Describe the Bourgogne ancillary grape Aligoté.

A
  • It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
  • Early budding, early ripening vigorous grower
  • Aromatic, ripens to moderate sugar levels and high acidity
172
Q

What region in Bourgogne is Rully in?

A

Côte Chalonnaise

173
Q

What Bourgogne region is Viré-Clessé in?

A

Mâconnais

174
Q

Describe the Bourgogne ancillary grape Gamay.

A
  • It is a Pinot x Gouais cross
  • Native to Bourgogne
  • Thin skinned and aromatic
  • Ripens to moderate sugar levels, has low tannins, low pigment and high acidity
175
Q

What grapes are in the Bourgogne Blanc blend?

A

normally 100% Chardonnay, but could include other varieties such as Pinot Blanc & Pinot Gris

176
Q

What is the minimum percentage of the varietal grapes in both Bourgogne Gamay and Bourgogne Rouge?

A

85%

177
Q

What grapes are in the Coteaux Bourguignons Blanc blend?

A

Chardonnay
Aligoté
Melon
Sacy
In any proportion

178
Q

What grapes are in the Coteaux Bourguignon Rouge blend?

A

Gamay
Pinot Noir
In any proportion

179
Q

What grapes go into Bourgogne Crémant ?

A
  • Chardonnay
  • Pinot Blanc
  • Pinot Gris
  • Pinot Noir

Most often

180
Q

What soil type does Chardonnay prefer in Bourgogne?

A

Marly Soils

181
Q

How does Chardonnay present on marly soils?

A
  1. Powerful, dense whites with tremendous concentration of flavor
  2. Ageworthy
182
Q

How does Chardonnay present on clay soils?

A

Produces wines of structure and depth, round and earthy

183
Q

How does Chardonnay present on limestone soils?

A

Delivers high acid whites with aromas of citrus fruits and minerals

184
Q

What type of soil does Pinot Noir prefer?

A

Limestone or marls with high limestone content

185
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on limestone soils?

A

Lightly pigmented but sublimely elegant; highly aromatic

186
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on Marl soils?

A

Less elegant with more structure and fruit

187
Q

How does Pinot Noir present on clay soils?

A
  • Less aromatic and less complex with plenty of body
  • Need 5-7 years in the bottle to age
188
Q

What is a négociant and why are they necessary in Bourgogne?

A
  1. A négociant is a company that purchases grapes or wine from grower who are too small to bottle or market their own wine
  2. The average individual vineyard area in Bourgogne is 15.5 acres and not always contiguous
  3. This small size makes it difficult to produce proprietary labels
189
Q

How many village AOC’s are there in Bourgogne?

A

44

190
Q

T or F? Regional level AOC in Bourgogne usually incorporate the word “Bourgogne” in the name.

A

True

191
Q

What is the only white Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Musigny

192
Q

What Grand Cru is shared by Puligny and Chassagne?

A

Montrachet

193
Q

What Grand Cru is shared by Aloxe and Pernand-Vergelesses?

A

Corton

194
Q

What kind of wine does the Bourgogne village of Pommard produce?

A

Red AOC wine only

195
Q

What type of yeast does most Bourgogne winemakers use?

A

Wild natural local yeast occurring by nature

196
Q

What does the Bourgogne village Brochon produce?

A

Côte de Nuits-Villages wine

197
Q

Which AOCs are located in the Côte Chalonnaise?

A

Bouzeron AOC
Rully AOC
Mercurey AOC
Givry AOC
Montagny AOC

198
Q

For every 250’ increase in elevation the temperature drops by how many degrees

A

1 degree

199
Q

The majority of the vineyards of the Mâconnais are planted to.

A

Chardonnay

200
Q

What Burgundian winemaking steps are a direct result of global warming.

A
  • Chilling the fruit before fermentation
  • Using the pump over method of integrating the cap
  • Shorter maceration time
201
Q

What winemaking practice is relatively standard for Bourgogne?

A

Wild yeast & more neutral oak barrels

202
Q

Does the Saône river moderate the temperature of Bourgogne?

A

No, too far away

203
Q

What is a Climat?

A

A named parcel of land

204
Q

What factors are responsible for the fractionalization of vineyards?

A

Napoleonic Code

French Revolution

205
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Chorey-lès-Beaune.

A
  • No premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Lies mostly on the flat plains just north of the town of Beaune
206
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC of Pernand-Vergelesses.

A
  • 8 Premiers Crus
  • 3 Grand Crus
  • Located on the southwest slope of the Corton Hill
  • Shares the Grand Crus of Corton and Corton-Charlemagne with Aloxe-Corton and Ladoix
  • Shares the Grand Cru of Charlemagne with Aloxe-Corton
207
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC Aloxe-Corton.

A
  • 14 Premiers Crus
  • 3 Grand Crus
  • Shares Grand Crus of Corton and Corton-Charlemagne with Ladoix and Pernand-Vergelesses
  • Shares Grand Cru of Charlemagne with Penand-Vergelesses
208
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune AOC Ladoix.

A
  • 11 Premiers Crus
  • 2 Grand Crus shared with Aloxe-Corton & Pernand-Vergelesses
  • Most is bottles as Côte de Beaune-Villages AOC
209
Q

Describe the Côte de Beaune Villages.

A
  • All AOCs can label their wine villages except Beaune, Aloxe-Corton, Pommard & Volnay
  • It is red only
210
Q

What is the wine production in the Côte de Beaune?

A
  • 2/3 red; 1/3 white
  • 8 Grand Crus
  • Only 1 Grand Cru produces red (Corton)
211
Q

What are the soils of the Côte de Beaune?

A

Soils are limestone and limestone-rich marls
Crafts red and white wine of minerality and acidity

212
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Nuits-Saint-Georges.

A
  • 41 Premiers Crus
  • No Grand Crus
  • Premiers Cru vineyard account for over 45% of this area production
213
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Vosne-Romanée.

A
  • 14 Premiers Crus
  • 8 Grand Crus
  • The 8 Grand Crus are some of the most prestigious in Bourgogne
214
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Côte-d’Or that is at the bottom of the slope?

A

Clos de Vougeot

215
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Vougeot.

A
  • 4 Premiers Crus
  • 1 Grand Cru
  • Almost exclusively red, 3/4 of this production ends up in the Grand Cru Clos de Vougeot
  • Clos de Vougeot is the only Grand Cru in the Côte-d’Or that rests at the bottom of the slope
216
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Chambolle-Musigny.

A

24 Premiers Crus
2 Grand Crus
Bonnes Mares & Musigny

* Bonnes Mares is shared with Morey-Saint-Denis AOC

217
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Morey Saint-Denis.

A
  • 20 Premiers Crus
  • 5 Grand Crus
  • Shares Grad Crus Bonne Mares with Chabolle-Musigny AOC
218
Q

Describe the Côte de Nuits AOC Gevrey-Chambertin.

A
  • 26 Premiers Crus
  • 9 Grand Crus
  • 20% vineyards classified as Premiers Crus

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