Chapter 6 Flashcards
Anorectic effects
Causing one to lose appetite; suppression of eating.
Bath salts
A psychoactive “designer drug” that is synthesized from various amphetamine-like chemicals and can be inhaled, swallowed, smoked, or injected.
Crack
A freebase cocaine produced by mixing cocaine salt with baking soda and water. The solution is then heated, resulting in brittle sheets of cocaine that are “cracked” into small smokable chunks or “rocks.”
Formication syndrome
Symptoms of itching and feeling as if insects were crawling under skin, caused by cocaine and amphetamine.
State-dependent learning
When learning under the influence of a drug is best recalled when one is in the same “state.”
Stimulant psychosis
Paranoid delusions and disorientation resembling the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia, caused by prolonged use or overdose of cocaine and/or amphetamine.
Compare and contrast the symptoms associated with prolonged use or overdose of cocaine and methamphetamine
The effects of cocaine, synthetic cathinones, and
the amphetamines are virtually identical except
that cocaine is metabolized rapidly and thus has
a short duration of action (20 to 80 minutes),
whereas synthetic cathinone and amphetamine
effects are more prolonged (4 to 12 hours).
Explain how stimulant drugs reduce the symptoms of ADHD
paradox: hyperactive children were calmed by a dose of the stimulant drug amphetamine.
Improve parent and teacher rations of performance in children with ADHD.
Improve attention, time on task, and other measures of classroom performance while decreasing disruptive behavior
Compare and contrast the symptoms associated with prolonged use or overdose of cocaine and meth
The effects of cocaine, synthetic cathinones, and the amphetamines are virtually identical except that cocaine is metabolized rapidly and thus has a short duration of action (20 to 80 minutes), whereas synthetic cathinone and amphetamine effects are more prolonged (4 to 12 hours)
Explain the risks associated with prenatal exposure to cocaine
higher rates of spontaneous abortion, fetal death,
and premature labor and birth, lower birth weights and
lengths and were more likely to die during infancy, permanent neurological damage with attendant learning disabilities
Compare and contrast the drug experience associated with cocaine and meth
Describe ST and LT effects of stimulants have on the brain
enhancing dopaminergic activity
increased alertness and arousal, mood elevation, and at low doses, enhanced performance on a variety of tasks
depression, reduction in dopamine activity, high rate of parkinson’s
Compare and contrast physio and behavioral effects of stimulants when taken at low and moderate doses
Physio: stim or mimic activity in ANS. Sympathetic: HR up, BP up, respiratory rate up, sweating, body temp elevated and pupils dilate, anorectic affects
Behavioral: elation, mood elevation, increased socialability, alertness and arousal, insomnia, enhance some cog but with more error
Compare and contrast physio and behavioral effects of stimulants when taken at high doses
High doses of these stimulants may produce a paranoid state called stimulant psychosis or cause death through overdose
Exposure to very high doses poses a risk of seizures, convulsions, and cardiovascular collapse
Explain how stimulant drugs reduce the symptoms of ADHD
paradox: Hyperactive children were calmed by a dose of the stimulant drug amphetamine
Stimulant drugs do improve parent and teacher ratings of
performance in children with ADHD
improve attention, time on task,
and other measures of classroom performance, while decreasing disruptive behavior
