Properties of waves and EM spectrum Flashcards

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1
Q

Order of waves from long to short wavelength(low to high frequency)
-Sing the song

A

Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared (radiation), Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays

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2
Q

What is the EM spectrum

A

A continuous range of wavelengths/frequencies of electromagnetic waves/radiation (with different uses)

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3
Q

How fast do all these waves travel

A

300,000,000 m/s

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4
Q

Uses and dangers of Radio waves

A

1 Broadcasting on radio or TV
2 communication and satellite transmission
3 Radar
- heats up body tissue

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5
Q

Uses and dangers of Microwaves

A

1 Microwave ovens (heating foods)
2 Satellite communication
-heats up body tissue (specifically water)
-burns

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6
Q

Uses and dangers of Infrared

A

1 heating
2 thermal imaging
3 remote controls
-heating
-skin absorption

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7
Q

Uses and dangers of Visible Light

A
  1. seeing and taking photos
  2. Fibre optic communications
    -eye damage
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8
Q

Uses and dangers of Ultraviolet

A

1 fluorescent lights
2 sterilisation
3 verifying money, ID, passports
-skin damage (sunburns)
-eye damage (cataracts)
skin cancer (wear sun cream)

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9
Q

Uses and dangers of X-rays

A

1 medical imaging
2 security screening
-damage cells
-ionising radiation can cause cancer risk
-acute radiation sickness

can be blocked by lead screen

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10
Q

Uses and dangers of Gamma rays

A

1 medical imaging
2 cancer treatment
-damage cells
-ionising radiation can cause cancer risk
-acute radiation sickness

can be blocked by lead screen or sometimes concrete

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11
Q

Similarities of all EM waves

A

All travel at speed of light
All transverse waves

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12
Q

All waves can be:

A

Reflected and refracted

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13
Q

Law of reflection

A

Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of reflection (r)

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14
Q

Less dense to more dense

A

Light bends towards normal

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15
Q

More dense to less dense

A

Light bends away from normal

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16
Q

Passing along the normal

A

Light does not bend at all

17
Q

Snell’s Law

A

n (refractive index) = sini/sinr

18
Q

Doppler Effect definition

A

The apparent change in wavelength and frequency of a wave emitted by a moving source

19
Q

Explain the Doppler Effect

A

-Usually when a stationary object emits waves, the waves spread out symmetrically
-When the object moves, the waves get squashed together at one end, and stretched at the other end
-To an observer at the front of the object, the wavelength appears to be smaller and vice versa
= The wavelength decreases at the front (and vice versa)

20
Q

How do ray guns measure the speed of a car

A

The ray gun emits a wave that reflects off the car
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