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Cisco CCT Routing and Switching > Cables > Flashcards

Cables Flashcards

1
Q

10 Mbps (Ethernet Speed)

A

Common Name: Ethernet
IEEE Standard: 802.3i
Informal Name: 10BASE-T
Max Length: 100m
2 pairs (4 wires)

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2
Q

100 Mbps (Ethernet Speed)

A

Common Name: Fast Ethernet
IEEE Standard: 802.3u
Informal Name: 100BASE-T
Max Length: 100m
2 pairs (4 wires)

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3
Q

1 Gbps (Ethernet Speed)

A

Common Name: Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE Standard: 802.3ab
Informal Name: 1000BASE-T
Max Length: 100m
4 pairs (8 wires)

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4
Q

10 Gbps (Ethernet Speed)

A

Common Name: 10 Gig Ethernet
IEEE Standard: 802.3an
Informal Name: 10GBASE-T
Max Length: 100m
4 pairs (8 wires)

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5
Q

What does UTP stand for ?

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair

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6
Q

Why are Ethernet cables twisted in pairs ?

A

To protect againts Electromagnetic Interference

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7
Q

What is full duplex transmission ?

A

Cables can send and recieve data at the same time by using different cable pairs to send and recieve.

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8
Q

What pins do Routers, Firewalls and PCs use to send and recieve data ?

A

Send: 1 and 2
Recieve: 3 and 6

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9
Q

What pins do Switches use to send and recieve data ?

A

Send: 3 and 6
Recieve: 1 and 2

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10
Q

What is Auto MDI-X ?

A

Auto MDI-X, or automatic medium-dependent interface crossover, is a technology that can automatically detect the required cable connection type and configure the connection (straight-through / crossover). It’s also known as “auto crossover”.

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11
Q

What cable pairs do 1000BASE-T and 10GBASE-T use ?

A

1 and 2
3 and 6
4 and 5
7 and 8
All pairs are bi-directional (pairs aren’t only send or recieve)

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12
Q

4 parts or Fiber-Optic cable

A

1 Fiberglass Core
2 Cladding that reflects light
3 Protective Buffer
4 Outer jacket of cable

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13
Q

Multi-mode Fiber Cable

A
  • Core diameter is wider than single-mode
  • Allows multiple angles (modes) of light waves to enter the fiberglass core
  • Allows longer cables than UTP but shorter cables than single-mode fiber
  • Cheaper than single-mode fiber (LED based SFP transmitters)
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14
Q

Single-mode Fiber Cable

A
  • Core diameter is narrower than multi-mode
  • Light enters at a single angle (mode) from a laser-based transmitter
  • Allows longer cables than UTP and multi-mode fiber
  • More expensive than multi-mode fiber (laser-based SFP transmitters)
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15
Q

1000BASE-LX

A

IEEE Standard: 802.3z
Speed: 1 Gbps
Cable Type: Single-Mode or Multi-Mode
Max Length: 550m / 5km

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16
Q

10GBASE-SR

A

IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Speed: 10 Gbps
Cable Type: Multi-Mode
Max Length: 400m

17
Q

10GBASE-LR

A

IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Speed: 10 Gbps
Cable Type: Single-Mode
Max Length: 10km

18
Q

10GBASE-ER

A

IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Speed: 10 Gbps
Cable Type: Single-Mode
Max Length: 30km

19
Q

Difference between Straight-through and crossover cables

A
  1. Straight-through Cable:
    • In a straight-through cable, the pinouts at one end of the cable are identical to the pinouts at the other end.
    • Pinouts are typically wired in the following order (TIA/EIA 568B standard):
      • Pin 1: White/Orange stripe (TX+) -> Pin 1: White/Orange stripe (RX+)
      • Pin 2: Orange (TX-) -> Pin 2: Orange (RX-)
      • Pin 3: White/Green stripe (RX+) -> Pin 3: White/Green stripe (TX+)
      • Pin 4: Blue (not used) -> Pin 4: Blue (not used)
      • Pin 5: White/Blue stripe (not used) -> Pin 5: White/Blue stripe (not used)
      • Pin 6: Green (RX-) -> Pin 6: Green (TX-)
      • Pin 7: White/Brown stripe (not used) -> Pin 7: White/Brown stripe (not used)
      • Pin 8: Brown (not used) -> Pin 8: Brown (not used)
    • Straight-through cables are commonly used to connect different types of devices, such as a computer to a switch or router.
  2. Crossover Cable:
    • In a crossover cable, the pinouts are crossed over at one end of the cable to allow direct connection between similar devices.
    • Pinouts are typically wired in the following order (TIA/EIA 568B standard):
      • Pin 1: White/Orange stripe (TX+) -> Pin 3: White/Green stripe (RX+)
      • Pin 2: Orange (TX-) -> Pin 6: Green (RX-)
      • Pin 3: White/Green stripe (RX+) -> Pin 1: White/Orange stripe (TX+)
      • Pin 4: Blue (not used) -> Pin 4: Blue (not used)
      • Pin 5: White/Blue stripe (not used) -> Pin 5: White/Blue stripe (not used)
      • Pin 6: Green (RX-) -> Pin 2: Orange (TX-)
      • Pin 7: White/Brown stripe (not used) -> Pin 7: White/Brown stripe (not used)
      • Pin 8: Brown (not used) -> Pin 8: Brown (not used)
    • Crossover cables are typically used to connect similar devices directly, such as two computers or two switches without an intermediate device like a router.
20
Q

Ethernet Cables

A
  1. Cat5/Cat5e:
    Standard: TIA/EIA-568
    Data Rate: Up to 100 Mbps (Cat5), Up to 1000 Mbps (Cat5e)
    Distance: Up to 100 meters
  2. Cat6:
    Standard: TIA/EIA-568-B
    Data Rate: Up to 1000 Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet), Up to 10 Gbps (10GBASE-T)
    Distance: Up to 100 meters (Gigabit Ethernet), Up to 55 meters (10GBASE-T)
  3. Cat6a:
    Standard: TIA/EIA-568-B
    Data Rate: Up to 10 Gbps (10GBASE-T)
    Distance: Up to 100 meters
  4. Cat7:
    Standard: ISO/IEC 11801 Class F
    Data Rate: Up to 10 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
    Distance: Up to 100 meters
  5. Cat8:
    Standard: ANSI/TIA-568.2-D
    Data Rate: Up to 25 Gbps or 40 Gbps
    Distance: Shorter distances, typically up to 30 meters
21
Q

Layers of a Fiber Optic Cable

A

Core:
The core is the innermost layer of the fiber optic cable where the light signals carrying data travel. The core is made of a highly transparent glass or plastic material with a high refractive index to facilitate the transmission of light signals through total internal reflection.

Cladding:
Surrounding the core is the cladding layer. The cladding is made of a material with a lower refractive index than the core. Its purpose is to reflect the light signals back into the core, preventing signal loss by ensuring that the light stays confined within the core through total internal reflection.

Buffer Coating:
The buffer coating is a protective layer that surrounds the cladding. It provides mechanical protection to the core and cladding from physical damage, such as bending, stretching, or crushing. The buffer coating is usually made of a polymer material.

Strength Member:
Some fiber optic cables include a strength member layer for additional mechanical support. The strength member can be made of materials like aramid yarns (e.g., Kevlar) or fiberglass. It enhances the cable’s tensile strength and protects it from stretching and breakage.

Outer Jacket:
The outer jacket is the outermost layer of the fiber optic cable. It provides environmental protection against moisture, chemicals, abrasion, and other external factors. The outer jacket material varies depending on the cable’s intended application, with options including polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or flame-retardant materials.

Cisco CCT Routing and Switching (9 decks)

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