Bronchiectasis Flashcards
What is bronchiectasis?
Permanent dilation of bronchioles with excessive mucous in them
What is the symptom of bronchiectasis?
Productive cough with lots of sputum and dyspnoea
What are risk factors for bronchiectasis?
Post infection (most common)
Cystic fibrosis
HIV
ABPA (fungal infection)
Which infections can lead to bronchiectasis?
TB
Pneumonia
In bronchiectasis there is i_____ d_____, loss of ____ and mucous hypersecretion
irreversible dilatation
cilia
Which lobes of the lung does bronchiectasis normally affect?
Lower lobes
How is bronchiectasis diagnosed?
Chest XR
Gold standard = High Res CT
Spirometry: obstructive
FEV1:FVC is smaller than 0.7
Sputum culture to check for infection
True or false: there is an increased risk of infection having bronchiectasis
True
Decreased muco-ciliary clearance
What would a high res CT shows in bronchiectasis?
dilated, thickened bronchi also known as Signet ring sign
Cysts at the end of bronchioles
What antibiotic is given for an infection of H. influenzae or S. pneumo?
Amoxicillin
What antibiotic is given for an infection of p. aeruginosa?
Piperacillin and tazobactam
(Pip and Tazo)
What is treatment for bronchiectasis?
No cure
Chest physio
Smoking cessation
Bronchodilators
