Cardiovascular Flashcards
How are murmurs classified?
Graded on Levine Scale (based on acoustic stethoscope)
Grade 1- Very faint, often only heard with Valsalva
Grade 2-Quiet
Grade 3-Moderately loud
Grade 4-Loud with palpable thrill
Grade 5-Very loud with thrill, may be heard with stethoscope just above chest
Grade 6- Very loud with thrill, may be heard without stethoscope
What are the cardiac causes of clubbing?
1) Cyanotic congenital heart disease
2) Endocarditis
3) Atrial Myxoma
What would cause a systolic murmur?
1) Aortic/Pulmonary Stenosis (Crescendo/Decrescendo)
2) Mitral/Triscuspid Regurgitation (pansystolic)
3) Atrial Septal Defect
What would cause a diastolic murmur?
1) Aortic/Pulmorany Regurgitation
2) Mitral/Triscuspid stenosis
What would cause a continuous murmur?
1) PDA
2) Severe Coarctation of the aorta (3 phases)