Chapter 9 Concepts

Question 1

The economic system of a society, made up of technology ( the means of production ) and class relations between people ( the relations of production )

Answer 1

Base

Question 2

The property owning class

Answer 2

Bourgeoisie

Question 3

The legislature - like body body of a communist party

Answer 3

Central Commitee

Question 4

A communist economic system in which the state explicitly allocates resources by planning what should be produced and in what amounts, the final pieces of goods, and where they should be sold

Answer 4

Central Planning

Question 5

A political - economic system in which all wealth and property are shared so as to eliminate exploitation, oppression, and, ultimately, the need for political institutions such as the state.

Answer 5

Communism

Question 6

Process of historical change that is not evolutionary but revolutionary; the existing base and superstructure (thesis) would come into conflict with new technological innovations, generating growing opposition to the existing order (antithesis) - this would culminate in revoution, overthrowing the old base and superstructure (synthesis)

Answer 6

Dialectical Materialism

Question 7

Literally, “openess”; the policy of political liberalization implemented in the Soviet Union in the late 1980’s

Answer 7

Glasnost

Question 8

Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, society, or economy that were staffed by people chosen or approved by the Communist Party

Answer 8

Nomenklatura

Question 9

A political system in which power flows directly from the ruling political party to the state, bypassing government structures

China and Russia are examples of this

Answer 9

Party - State

Question 10

Literally, “restructuring”; the policy of political and economic liberalization implemented in the Soviet Union in the late 1980’s

Answer 10

Perestroika

Question 11

Top policy - making and executive body in the Communist Party

Answer 11

Politburo

Question 12

A process of rapid marketization

Answer 12

Shock therapy

Question 13

An noneconomic institutions in a society ( ex. religion, culture national identity ) these ideas and values derive from the base and serve to legitimize the current system of exploitation

Answer 13

Superstructure

Question 14

Lenin’s argument that an elite communist party would have to carry out revolution, because as a result of false consciousness , historical conditions would not automatically lead to capitalism’s demise

Answer 14

Vanguard of the Proletariat