3.1.3 Compounds

Question 1

What is a compound?

Answer 1

A substance containing more than one type of atom, chemically bonded together.

Question 2

How are compounds often formed?

Answer 2

Compounds can often be formed by heating their elements together.

Question 3

Properties of compounds vs. properties of elements

Answer 3

The properties of a compound are usually totally different from the properties of the elements the compound is made from.

Question 4

What are the 3 types of chemical bonding in compounds?

Answer 4

Metallic - between metals
Ionic - between metals and non-metals
Covalent - between non-metals

Question 5

Describe the experiment of the ammonium chloride tube

Answer 5

Two gases, ammonia and hydrogen chloride diffuse from the ends of the sealed tube. Where they meet, the compound ammonium chloride forms as a white smoke. The smoke appears closer to the hydrogen chloride side. This shows that the hydrogen chloride molecules must be heavier, as they diffused slower. If you heat up the tube, the white smoke forms faster because the particles move faster and collide more often. It still forms in the same place because BOTH gases diffuse faster.

Question 6

What is the word and chemical equation for the Ammonium Chloride tube experiment?

Answer 6

Ammonia + Hydrogen Chloride –> Ammonium Chloride
NH3 (g) + HCl (g) —> NH4Cl (s)