EARS, MOUTH, THROAT, NOSE, AND SINUSES

Question 1

assessment of the ear consists of 3 parts:

Answer 1

• auditory screening
• inspection and palpation of external ear
• otoscopic assessment

Question 2

ears should be ___ in size bilaterally ___ cm

Answer 2

equal, 4-10 cm

Question 3

auricle is aligned with what within a 10 degree angle

Answer 3

corner of the eye

Question 4

malaligned or lowset ears may be seen with ____

Answer 4

genitourinary disorders or chromosomal defects

Question 5

a painful auricle and tragus is associated with ___ or ___

Answer 5

otitis externa or postauricular cyst

Question 6

tenderness over the mastoid process suggests?

Answer 6

mastoiditis

Question 7

true or false: odorless cerumen is a normal discharge of the ears

Answer 7

true

Question 8

true or false: cerumen should be sticky and yellow

Answer 8

false: yellow and sticky cerumen suggests foreign bodies

Question 9

blood or watery damage within the ear suggests?

Answer 9

skull trauma

Question 10

normal typanic membrane should look like

Answer 10

pearly, gray, shiny, and transluscent

Question 11

red bulging eardrum, distorted, diminished or absent light reflex

Answer 11

acute otitis media

Question 12

yellowish bulging membrane with bubbles behind

Answer 12

serous otitis media

Question 13

bluish or dark red color blood behind the eardrums

Answer 13

skull trauma

Question 14

white spots on the typanic membrane

Answer 14

scarring from infections

Question 15

• stand 2 feet behind the patient and whisper a 2 syllable word
• ask the patient to repeat the word

Answer 15

voice-whisper test

Question 16

• hold the handle of the tuning fork and strike on the palm
• place the stem of the fork against the patient’s forehead, on top the head at the midline
• ask if heard centreally or toward one side

Answer 16

weber’s test

Question 17

• stand behind of to the side and strike the tuning fork
• place the stem against the right mastoid process to test bone conduction
• ask the patient to tell you when the sound stops
• when sound stops, move the fork with tine facing forward and ask if the sound is still heard

Answer 17

rinne test

Question 18

what is normal with the rinne test?

Answer 18

air conduction is normally longer than the bone conduction (AC>BC)

Question 19

bone conduction greater than air conduction

Answer 19

conduction hearing loss

Question 20

• stand behind or to the side and strike the fork
• place at the tip of the mastoid process and ask if sound is heard
• ask to tell when the sound stops
• when sound stops place the tuning fork on your OWN mastoid process and determine if you can still hear the sound

Answer 20

schwabach test

Question 21

patient still hears tuning fork after the examiner has already stopped hearing it

Answer 21

prolonged schwabach

Question 22

the examiner still hears the tuning fork after the patient has already stopped hearing it

Answer 22

shortened schwabach

Question 23

• ask the patient to stand with feet toegther and arm at sides, eyes open, then eyes closed
• patient should maintain position for 20 seconds without swaying or with minimal swaying

Answer 23

romberg test

Question 24

normal amount of teeth?

Answer 24

32 teeth, 28 if t4 molars have not yet erupted

Question 25

normal color and consistency of gums

Answer 25

pink, moist, and firm with tight marging to the tooth

Question 26

where are wharton’s ducts located?

Answer 26

openings from the submandibular salivary glands on either side of he frenulum on the floor of the mouth

Question 27

tonsils are hidden behind the tonsillar pillars

Answer 27

1+

Question 28

tonsils extend to the edges of the tonsillar pillars

Answer 28

2+

Question 29

tonsils extend beyond the edges of the tonsillar pillars but not to the midline

Answer 29

3+

Question 30

tonsils extend to the midline and may touch

Answer 30

4+

Question 31

color of the nose should be?

Answer 31

same as the rest of the face

Question 32

how to check patency of air flow?

Answer 32

cover one nostril, let the patient breathe out, feel the air on your hands

Question 33

normal color of nasal mucosa

Answer 33

dark pink

Question 34

what sinuses should be palpated?

Answer 34

frontal, ethmoid, maxillary

Question 35

a ___ glow transilluminates the frontal sinuses, indicating normal air-filled sinus

Answer 35

red