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Bio 103 A & P 1 > Chapter 8: Articulations > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

Articulations

A

Where bones meet
°allow movement
°provide stability
°allow long bones to lengthen (epiphyseal plate)

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2
Q

Function classification
Based on movement
(3 of them)

A

°Synarthrosis
°Amphiarthosis
°Diarthrosis

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3
Q

Synarthrosis

A

No moment

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4
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Alittle movement

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5
Q

Diarthrosis

A

A wide range of motion

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6
Q

Structural classification
Based on structural features
(3 of them)

A

°Fibrous joints
°Cartilaginous joints
°Synovial Joints

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7
Q

Fibrous Joints

A

°Dense regular collagenous conective tissue
° synarthrosis and amphiarthrosis

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8
Q

Cartilaginous Joint

A

°Cartilage
°synarthrosis and amphiarthrosis

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9
Q

Synovial joints

A

°Fluid-filled joint capsule with hyaline cartilage at articular ends.
°Diarthrosis

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10
Q

Fibrous Joints
(3 types)

A

°Suture
°Gomphosis
°Syndesmosis

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11
Q

Suture

A

Fibrous CT between flat bones of cranium (immovable)

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12
Q

Gomphosis

A

Tooth in bony socket (periodontal ligament) immovable joint

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13
Q

Syndesmosis

A

Joint between tibia and fibula, ulna and radius (interosseous membrane) slightly movable

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14
Q

Cartilaginous joints
(2 of them)

A

°synchondrosis
°symphsis

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15
Q

Synchondrosis

A

°Hyaline cartilage
°Synarthrosis (immovable)
°Found in the cartilage of ribs, sternum, and epiphyseal plate)

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16
Q

Symphysis

A

°Fibrocartilaginous pad
°amphiarthrosis (little movement)
°Found in intervertebral joints and pubic symphysis

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17
Q

Synovial Joints
(3 types)

A

°Joint cavity (synovial cavity)
°Articular capsule
°Articular cartilage
°Diarthorsis
°allow more mobility
° less stable than other joints

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18
Q

Joint cavity

A

(Synovail cavity) space found between articulating bones.

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19
Q

Articular Capsule

A

Double layered structure
°Outer fibrous layer
°Innerlayer synovial membrane that has synovial fluid

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20
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

°Hyaline cartilage
°Covers exposed articular bones with a joint

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21
Q

Structures that provide additional stabilization (3 of them)

A

Ligament
Tendon
Bursae and tendon sheaths

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22
Q

Ligaments

A

Dense regular CT connects bone to bone

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23
Q

Tendons

A

Dense regular CT connects bone to muscle

24
Q

Bursae and tendon sheaths

A

Provides stabilization forces

25
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of joints that result in pain and limitations of joint movement

26
Q

Arthritis (3 types)

A

°Osteoarthritis OA
°Rheum arthritis (RA)
°Gouty arthritis

27
Q

Osteoarthritis (OR)

A

Most common happens from wear and tear, injury, or age. Causes pain, joint stiffness, and lost mobility

28
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

Joint destruction caused by autoimmune

29
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

Joint damage due to inflammatory reaction to uric acid crystal deposits

30
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Gliding movements

A

Sliding motion between articulating surfaces.

31
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Flexion

A

Closing an angle.

32
Q

Movment at Synovial Joints
Extension

A

Extended straight out

33
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Hyperextension

A

Extending straight out and then bending at the end

34
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Abduction

A

Spreading out or moving away.

35
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Adduction

A

Add in or moving closer.

36
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints Circumduction

A

Movement in a circular pattern.

37
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Rotation

A

To turn.

38
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Inversion

A

the soles of the feet moving inward, toward the midline of the body

39
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Eversion

A

movement of the sole of the foot outward, away from the midline of the body

40
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Supination

A

the movement of the radius and ulna bones of the forearm so that the palm faces forward

41
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Pronation

A

palm faces backward.

42
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Dorsiflexion

A

Toes point upwards

43
Q

Moment at Synovial Joints
Plantar Flexion

A

Toes point downwards

44
Q

Types of synovial joints
(6 of them)

A

°plane joint
°hinge joint
°pivot joint
°condylar (ellipsoid) joint
°saddle joint
°ball and socket joint

45
Q

synovial joints
Plane joint

A

Gliding joint
°tarsal
°carpals

46
Q

synovial joints
Hinge joint

A

Elbow
Humerus and ulna

47
Q

synovial joints
Pivot joint

A

One bone pivots or rotates around the other
°C1 & C2
°radius & ulna

48
Q

synovial joints
Condylar (ellipsoid) joint

A

Knuckles

49
Q

synovial joints
Saddle joint

A

Thumb & wrist

50
Q

synovial joints
Ball and socket joint

A

°Scapula glenoid cavity & humerus head
°coxal bone acetabulum & Femur head

51
Q

Humeroulnar joint

A

Articulation between trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna.

52
Q

Humeroradial joint

A

Articulation between capitulum of humerus and head of radius

53
Q

Knee
Tibiofemoral joint

A

Articulation between femoral and tibial condyles

54
Q

Shoulder
Glenohumeral joint

A

Head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula

55
Q

Hip
Coxal joint

A

Acetabulum of coxal and head of femur

Bio 103 A & P 1 (12 decks)

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