8.2 Person of scientist theories

Question 1

path goal theory of motivation

Answer 1

people weigh options before choosing among them.
high productivity as a path to the goal of desired reward or personal goals

he or she would likely be a high producer.

Question 2

VIE Theory

Answer 2

Valance, instrumentality, expectancy

Question 3

valence

Answer 3

strength of persons preference for a particular outcome

Question 4

instrumentality

Answer 4

perceived relationship between performance and the attainment of a certain outcome

Question 5

expectancy

Answer 5

individuals belief that a particular behavior will lead to higher performance

Question 6

VIE Theory 3 things

Answer 6

1. motivate employees offering high valence.
2. clarify instrumentalities by letting employees know that high performance is associated with positive outcome.
3. clarify expectancies by making it clear to employees that hard work will lead to higher performance.

Question 7

equity theory

Answer 7

individuals look at their world in terms of comparative inputs and outcomes. individuals compare their inputs and outcomes with others by developing an in/output ratio.

Question 8

dissonance theory

Answer 8

Festinger. that observed that tension exists when individuals hold “dissonant cognitions” this approach assumes that individuals always seek some sense of “balance” and that they will direct their behavior towards reducing their tension resulting from dissonant cognitions

Question 9

inputs

Answer 9

training, efforts, skills, and abilities that employees bring to or invest in their work

Question 10

outcomes

Answer 10

compensations, satisfaction, and other benefits employees derive from their work.

Question 11

outcome/input ratio

Answer 11

employees compare their inputs and outcomes to others to determine if they are being treated equitably

Question 12

comparison others

Answer 12

co workers or idealized other person to which the individual compares himself or herself in determining perceived equity