C1. Hypokinetic disease Flashcards
What is a hypokinetic disease?
a disease associated with physical inactivity
What does physical activity mean?
Any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure
What is physical fitness?
Individual’s physical ability to perform a specific activity
What is exercise?
A subcategory of leisure-time physical activity in which planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movements are performed to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
What are the types of hypokinetic diseases?
- Cardiovascular disease
- Obesity
- Type 2 diabetes
- Osteoporosis
What is coronary heart disease?
When coronary arteries are clogged with plaque caused by atherosclerosis
What is a stroke?
When blood clot forms in blood vessels in brain (cuts off oxygen to area)
What is obesity?
Excess body fat that endangers health, can be calculated using BMI or measuring weight circumference
What is type 2 diabetes?
Caused by poor diet and physical inactivity; insulin resistant; treat by exercising and changing diet
What is osteoporosis?
When bone mass density is low, cause fragile bones with large holes, more common in old women (post menopause)
How do studies of different populations provide evidence of the link between physical activity and hypokinetic disease?
Various populations changed their lifestyles from one of high physical activity (traditional, agricultural-based living) to one of low physical activity (“westernised living”)
CHD and stroke account for a large % of deaths in high income countries
Discuss the relationship between major societal changes and hypokinetic disease
Examples of changes:
- include the proliferation of the motor vehicle
- changes in employment and working patterns
- changes in the diet such as the raise of fast food
