sheets 6 Flashcards
Question Number,Question,Options,Year
Question Number,Answer,Explanation
1,A meteor is :,a) a rapidly moving star b) a piece of mater which has entered the earth’s atmosphere from outer space c) part of a constellation d) a comet without a tail,1995
1,b,”Meteor is a small celestial body which has entered the earth’s atmosphere by the gravitational force of earth when they pass close to it. Meteors typically occur in the mesosphere, and most range in altitude from 75 km to 100 km.”
2,Which one of the following does not belong to biosphere reserves set-up so far?,a) Great Nicobar b) Sunderbans c) Nanda Devi d) Gulf of Kutch,1995
2,d,”As per the question, the answer is (d). Gulf of Kachchh has been declared a biosphere reserve in 2008. There are 18 notified Biosphere Reserves in India. Out of them, 10 Biosphere Reserves are in the UNESCO’s MAB World Network.”
3,The graph given below shows the mean average monthly temperatures (in ºC) and mean monthly rainfall (in cms) of a place: This graph is indicative of which one of the climatic zones of the world?,a) Wet and dry tropical b) Rainy tropical c) Semi-arid tropical d) Temperate marine,1995
3,a,”In the graph, the temperature ranges from 15° to 25°. So, the graph indicates a wet and dry tropical region, and in this region, rainfall does not exceed 25 cm.”
4,Willy Willy is:,a) a type of tree grown in temperate regions b) a wind that blows in a desert c) a tropical cyclone of the north-west Australia d) a kind of common fish found near Laccadives Islands,1995
4,c,”It is a tropical cyclone off north-west Australia. Willy Willy originates in the Timor Sea and causes rainfall in different parts of Australia.”
5,Which one of the following is the continent with the highest mean elevation in the world?,a) Antarctica b) North America c) Asia d) South America,1995
5,a,”Antarctica is the highest continent on the planet with an average elevation of 7,545 feet above sea level. The elevation of Antarctica at the south pole is 9,300 feet.”
6,Which one of the following layers of the atmosphere is responsible for the deflection of radio waves?,a) Troposphere b) Stratosphere c) Mesosphere d) Ionosphere,1996
6,d,”Ionosphere is the top layer of the atmosphere. Radio waves are deflected in the ionosphere of the atmosphere. The ionosphere is composed of D, E, and F layers. The D layer (60 km from Earth) is good at absorbing AM radio waves.”
7,Given below are two statements one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Areas near the equator receive rainfall throughout the year. Reason (R) : High temperatures and high humidity cause convectional rain in most afternoons near the equator. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?,a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A and R true but R is not a correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true,1996
7,”a (Both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason correctly explains the assertion)”,”The assertion is correct, and the reason explains it because due to high temperature, the atmospheric air gets heated and rises up. It cools down and precipitates while the cool air descends down to take the place of the vacuum.”
8,Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) : Assertion (A) : Mangroves are very specialised forest eco-systems of tropical and sub-tropical regions bordering certain sea coasts. Reason (R) : They stabilise the shoreline and act as bulwark against encroachments by the sea. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?,a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true,1996
8,”a (Both the statements are correct, and the reason provides a correct explanation)”,”Both the statements are correct. Mangroves are found in the bordering region of tropical and subtropical sea coasts. Mangroves stabilize the shoreline and act as a bulwark against sea erosion, which makes it a specialized forest ecosystem.”
9,Diamond ring is a phenomenon observed:,a) at the start of a total solar eclipse b) at the end of a total solar eclipse c) only along the peripheral regions of the totality trail d) only in the central regions of the totality trail,1996
9,c,”Diamond ring is observed during a solar eclipse only along the peripheral regions of the totality trail.”
10,Which one of the following factors is responsible for the change in the regular direction of the ocean currents in the Indian Ocean?,a) Indian Ocean is half an ocean b) Indian Ocean has monsoon drift c) Indian Ocean is a land-locked ocean d) Indian Ocean has greater variation in salinity,1997
10,b,”Due to the monsoon drift of the Indian Ocean, its regular direction of the ocean currents changes twice a year.”
11,Daily weather map showing isobars is an example of:,a) Choropleth map b) Isopleth map c) Chorochromatic map d) Choroschematic map,1997
11,b,”A daily weather map showing isobars is an example of an isopleth map. Isopleth maps show an imaginary surface by means of lines joining points of equal values.”
12,The group of small pieces of rock revolving round the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter are called:,a) meteors b) comets c) meteorites d) asteroids,1997
12,d,”Asteroids are a group of small pieces of rock revolving around the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. They are approximately 40,000 in number.”
13,If the earth’s direction of rotation is reversed, what should be the IST when it is noon at the International Date Line?,a) 06.30 hrs b) 05.30 hrs c) 18.30 hrs d) 17.30 hrs,1997
13,a,”The Earth rotates on its axis from west to east direction. If the direction of rotation of the Earth is reversed, i.e., the Earth starts to rotate from east to west direction, then at 12 o’clock noon at the International Date Time (180°), Indian Standard Time, which is at a distance of 97½° from the International Date Time (180° longitude), will be 18:30 hours.”
14,Which one of the following stars is nearest to the Earth?,a) Polaris b) Alpha Centauri c) Sun d) Sirius,1997
14,c,”Sun is the star nearest to the earth. It is 150 million kilometers away from earth. Sun has temperatures of over 15 million ºC.”
15,Which one of the following conditions is most relevant for the presence of life on Mars?,a) Atmospheric composition b) Thermal conditions c) Occurrence of ice caps and frozen water d) Occurrence of ozone,1997
15,c,”Mars is the only planet with similar daytime temperatures and an atmosphere similar to Earth. The most relevant condition for the presence of life on Mars is the occurrence of ice caps and frozen water.”
16,Consider the map given below: World climate types Of the four shaded areas in the map, which is characterised by hot dry summers, mild and moist winters and seasonal reversal of winds.,(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4,1997
16,a,”In the given world map, ‘1’ refers to hot, dry summers, mild and moist winters in California (U.S.A).”
17,Consider the following statements regarding asteroids: 1. Asteroids are rocky debris of varying size orbiting the sun 2. Most of the asteroids are small but some have diameter as large and 1000 km 3. The orbit of asteroids lies between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn Of these statements: ,(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct (b) 2 and 3 are correct (c) 1 and 2 are correct (d) 1 and 3 are correct,1998
17,c,”Asteroids are a group of small pieces of rocky debris of different sizes. Some asteroids are small, and some even have a diameter of 1000 km. The asteroids revolve between Mars and Jupiter.”
18,Match the rivers labelled A, B, C and D on the given map with their names given in the list and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: A B C D 1. St. Lawrence 2. Orinoco 3. Mackenzie 4. Amazon 5. Yukon List-I List-II Codes: ,(a) A-4; B-3; C-2; D-1 (b) A-5; B-3; C-1; D-2 (c) A-5; B-4; C-1; D-3 (d) A-3; B-1; C-4; D-2,1998
18,b,”In the given diagram of North America and South America: ‘a’ marked river is Yukon, ‘b’ marked river is Mackenzie, ‘c’ marked river is St. Lawrence, ‘d’ marked river is Orinoco.”Certainly! Here are the locations of the rivers you provided:
- St. Lawrence River: The St. Lawrence River is located in North America, flowing in a northeastward direction from Lake Ontario, forming part of the international boundary between Ontario, Canada, and New York State, United States, before emptying into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, which leads into the Atlantic Ocean.
- Orinoco River: The Orinoco River is located in South America, primarily in Venezuela, with a portion of its basin extending into Colombia. It flows in a northwesterly direction, draining into the Atlantic Ocean.
- Mackenzie River: The Mackenzie River is located in Canada, flowing through the Northwest Territories. It is the longest river system in Canada, and it drains into the Beaufort Sea in the Arctic Ocean.
- Amazon River: The Amazon River is located in South America, flowing primarily through Brazil, with smaller portions extending into Peru, Colombia, and several other countries. It is the largest river in the world by discharge volume and drains into the Atlantic Ocean.
- Yukon River: The Yukon River is located in North America, flowing through Canada’s Yukon territory and the U.S. state of Alaska. It flows northwestwardly, eventually emptying into the Bering Sea.
These rivers are significant waterways in their respective regions, playing crucial roles in the ecosystems, economies, and cultures of the areas through which they flow.
19,The correct sequence of different layers of the atmosphere from the surface of the Earth upwards is: ,(a) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere (b) Stratosphere, Troposphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere (c) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Ionosphere (d) Stratosphere, Troposphere, Mesosphere, Ionosphere,1998
19,c,”The correct sequence of different layers of the atmosphere from the surface of Earth is Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Ionosphere. Troposphere extends up to 8 km from the Earth’s surface, but at the equator, it is 16–18 km. Stratosphere extends above the Troposphere 18–50 km. Mesosphere extends up to 80 km, and above the Mesosphere, the Ionosphere is present, which extends up to 400 km.”
20,Estuaries possess distinct blooms of excessive growth of a pigmented dinoflagellates. These blooms are called ,(a) red tides (b) sea tides (c) black tides (d) sea flowers,1998
20,a,”Red tides are a special type of blooms found at estuaries. These blooms are pigmented dinoflagellates. These single-celled organisms are able to swim short distances. When the algae are present in high concentration, the water appears purple or pink in color.”
21,Consider the following climatic conditions (northern hemisphere) : Temp. Rainfall °C cm. J 3.9 4.7 F 4.4 5.7 M 8.3 8.2 A 14.4 9.2 M 20.0 9.2 J 23.3 17.7 J 27.8 14.5 A 27.8 14.0 S 22.3 12.7 O 18.3 7.0 N 12.2 5.0 D 6.7 3.5 These are most likely to be found in the natural regions of: ,(a) China type (b) equatorial type (c) hot desert type (d) monsoon type,1998
21,a,”The climatic conditions given in the table denote the climatic condition of China type climate.”
22,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists: List-I List-II (Special characteristic) (Name of planet)
A. Smallest planet 1. Mercury of the solar system
B. Largest planet of 2. Venus the solar system
C. Planet second from the 3. Jupiter Sun in the solar system
D. Planet nearest to the Sun 4. Pluto
5. Saturn Codes : ,(a) A-2; B-3; C-5; D-1 (b) A-3; B-5; C-1; D-2 (c) A-4; B-1; C-2; D-3 (d) A-4; B-3; C-2; D-1,1998
22,d,”The smallest planet of the solar system is Pluto. The largest planet of the solar system is Jupiter. The planet second from the Sun in the solar system is Venus. The planet nearest to the Sun is Mercury.”
23,Physical regions marked as 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the given map are respectively: 1 2 3 4 ,(a) Andes, Brazilian Shield, Guyana Highlands and Amazon Basin (b) Andes, Guyana Highlands, Brazilian Shield and Amazon Basin (c) Amazon Basin, Guyana Highlands, Brazilians Shield and Andes (d) Guyana Highlands, Brazilian Shield Andes and Amazon Basin,1999
23,a,”In the given figure: Andes is marked as ‘1’, located on the western coast of South America. Brazilian shield is marked as ‘2’, located at the eastern part of South America. The shield extends over 8.5 million square. Guyana highland is marked as ‘3’, a plateau and low mountain region of South America located north of the Amazon river and south of the Orinoco river. Amazon basin is marked as ‘4’, the tropical rainforest in the world. The Amazon river drains more than half of Brazil, part of Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador.”
24,Which one of the following types of coal contains a higher percentage of carbon than the rest?,(a) Bituminous coal (b) Lignite (c) Peat (d) Anthracite,1999
24,d,”Anthracite is a dense, shiny coal with high carbon content, little volatile matter, and almost smokeless burning.”
25,Which one of the following scholars suggested the earth’s origin from gases and dust particles?,(a) James Jeans (b) H. Alfven (c) F. Hoyle (d) O. Schmidt,1999
25,d,”O. Schmidt in 1943 proposed the Interstellar Dust Hypothesis for the origin of Earth and the solar system.”
26,In the given map, which one of the following pairs of ocean currents are shown?,(a) Benguela and Falkland (b) Canary and Humboldt (c) Agulhas and Guinea (d) Benguela and Guinea,1999
26,d,”Benguela is a cold current flowing south to north along Africa’s west coast; Guinea current is a warm current east of Guinea along Africa’s west coast.”
27,Which one of the areas marked as A, B, C and D in the given figure of the cyclone, witnesses heavy torrential short duration rainfall accompanied by thunderstorms?,(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D,1999
27,d,”In the figure, ‘B’ lies between cyclone zones ‘A’ and ‘D’; at ‘B’, rainfall is accompanied by thunderstorms.”
28,Consider the following temperature and rainfall data: Month Temperature (ºC) Rainfall (cm) January 6.7 14.0 February 6.7 13.2 March 7.2 11.4 April 8.9 9.4 May11.1 8.1 June 13.9 8.1 July 15.0 9.6 August 15.0 12.2 September 13.9 10.4 October 11.1 14.4 November 8.9 14.0 December 7.8 16.8 The climate to which this data pertains is : ,(a) St. Lawrence type (b) China type (c) West European type (d) Mediterranean type,1999
28,c,”The given data indicates Mediterranean climate: temperature ranges 7–15°C, rainfall ranges 6–16 cm.”
29,At which one of the following positions shown in the diagram will the height of the ocean tide be maximum? Sun Earth’s Orbit Moon’s Orbit M3 M2 M1 M4 E ,(a) Ml (b) M2 (c) M3 (d) M4,1999
29,d,”At ‘M4’, tide height is maximum due to Earth, Moon, and Sun alignment.”
30,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List-I (Timber) List-II (Country)
A. Cedar 1. Myanmar
B. Douglas Fir 2. Canada
C. Mahogany 3. Mexico
D. Teak 4. Honduras
Codes: ,(a) A - 3; B- 2; C- 1; D-4 (b) A - 3; B- 2; C- 4; D-1 (c) A - 2; B- 3; C- 4; D-1 (d) A - 2; B- 3; C- 1; D-4,1999
30,c,”Cedar—Canada; Douglas Fir—Mexico; Mahogany—Honduras; Teak—Myanmar.”
31,Along which one of the following meridians did India experience the first light of the sunrise of the new millennium?,(a) 2°30’ W (b) 82°30’ E (c) 92°30’ W (d) 92°30’ E,2000
31,d,”The first light of the new millennium’s sunrise in India was observed at Kathal Island, Andaman and Nicobar, 92°30’ E.”
32,Consider the following statements: 1. Tides are of great help in navigation and fishing. 2. High tide enables big ships to enter or leave the harbour safely 3. Tide prevents siltation in the harbours 4. Kandla and Diamond Harbour are tidal ports Which of these statements are correct?,(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4,2000
32,d,”All given statements are true.”
33,Consider the following statements about the ‘Roaring Forties’: 1. They blow uninterrupted in the northern and Southern Hemispheres 2. They blow with great strength and constancy 3. Their direction is generally from north-west to east in the Southern Hemisphere 4. Overcast skies, rain and raw weather are generally associated with them Which of these statements are correct?,(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4,2000
33,b,”Southern hemisphere westerlies, roaring forties, lie 40°S to 50°S, being slow over land.”
34,Which one of the following weather conditions is indicated by a sudden fall in barometer reading?,(a) Stormy (b) Calm weather (c) Cold and dry weather (d) Hot and sunny weather,2011
34,a,”In stormy weather, varying atmospheric pressure causes sudden barometer reading falls.”
35,Who amongst the following was the first to state that the earth was spherical ?,(a) Aristotle (b) Copernicus (c) Ptolemy (d) Strabo,2001
35,a,”Aristotle, 340 B.C., first suggested Earth’s spherical shape in ‘On the Heavens’.”
36,If the stars are seen to rise perpendicular to the horizon by an observer, he is located on the:,(a) Equator (b) Tropic of Cancer (c) South Pole (d) North Pole,2001
36,a,”Perpendicular star rising indicates equator location; stars rotate parallel to celestial equator.”
37,Consider the following statements made about sedimentary rocks: 1. Sedimentary rocks are formed at earth’s surface by the hydrological system 2. Formation of sedimentary rocks involves the weathering of preexisting rocks 3. Sedimentary rocks contain fossils 4. Sedimentary rocks typically occur in layers Which of these statements are correct?,(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 4 (c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4,2001
37,d,”All statements hold true for sedimentary rocks.”
38,Volcanic eruptions do not occur in :,(a) Baltic Sea (b) Black Sea (c) Caribbean Sea (d) Caspian Sea,2001
38,a,”Basaltic rock in the Baltic Sea is glacier-transported.”
39,Quartzite is metamorphosed from:,(a) limestone (b) obsidian (c) sandstone (d) shale,2001
39,c,”Quartzite is metamorphosed sandstone.”
40,Identify the correct order of the process of soil-erosion from the following: ,(a) Splash erosion, Sheet erosion, Rill erosion, Gully erosion (b) Sheet erosion, Splash erosion, Gully erosion, Rill erosion (c) Rill erosion, Gully erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion (d) Gully erosion, Rill erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion,2001
40,a,”Soil erosion sequence: splash, sheet, rill, gully erosion.”
Question Number,Question,Options,Year
Question Number,Answer,Explanation
41,Temperature and rainfall of a meteorological station are given below: Temperature (0°C) Rainfall (cm) J 9.4 12.2 F 10.6 9.1 M 11.7 7.9 A 12.2 2.5 M 13.3 1.0 J 13.9 0.3 J 13.9 - A 14.4 - S 15.6 0.8 15.0 2.5 N 13.3 6.1 D 10.6 11.7 Average temperature: 12.8°C Average rainfall: 54.9 cm per annum Identify the region having the above climatic patterns from amongst the following: ,(a) Mediterranean region (b) Monsoon region (c) Steppe region (d) N.W. European region,2001
41,a,”The region described fits the Mediterranean climate pattern: hot, dry summers and warm, wet winters.”
42,Assertion (A) : During the neap tides. The high tide is lower and the low tide is higher than usual. Reason (R) : The neap tide, unlike the spring tide, occurs on the new moon instead of on the full moon.,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2001
42,c,”Quadrature alignment creates neap tides; spring tides occur during full moon.”
43,Sun’s halo is produced by the refraction of light in: ,(a) water vapour in Stratus clouds (b) ice crystals in Cirro-Cumulus clouds (c) ice crystals in Cirrus clouds (d) dust particles in Stratus clouds,2002
43,c,”Sun halo, or 22 degree halo, results from sunlight passing through cirrus clouds’ ice crystals.”
44,Consider the following statements: 1. Ocean currents are slow-surface movement of water in the ocean. 2. Ocean currents assist in maintaining the Earth’s heat balance 3. Ocean currents are set in motion primarily by prevailing winds 4. Ocean currents are affected by the configuration of the ocean Which of these statements are correct?,(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4,2002
44,b,”Ocean currents aren’t always slow; statements 2, 3, and 4 are correct.”
45,Consider the following statements: 1. In equatorial regions, the year is divided into four main seasons 2. In Mediterranean region, summer months receives more rain. 3. In China type climate; rainfall occurs throughout the year 4. Tropical highlands exhibit vertical zonation of different climates Which of these statements are correct? ,(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 (c) 1, 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4,2002
45,d,”Equatorial region has only two seasons; Mediterranean climate gets rain in winter.”
46,Consider the following ecosystems: 1. Taiga 2. Tropical Evergreen 3. Tropical Deciduous 4. Tundra The correct sequence in decreasing order of the Albedo values of these ecosystems is : ,(a) 1, 4, 3, 2 (b) 4, 1, 3, 2 (c) 4, 1, 2, 3 (d) 1, .4, 2, 3,2002
46,b,”Tundra has highest albedo, followed by Taiga, Tropical Deciduous, and then Tropical Evergreen.”
47,Assertion (A) : 60° - 65º latitudes in both the hemispheres have a low pressure belt instead of high pressure. Reason (R) : The low pressure areas are permanent over oceans rather than on land. ,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2002
47,c,”A is true (sub-polar low pressure), R is false (it’s due to air spreading outward, not downward).”
48,Assertion (A) : The surface winds spiral inwards upon the centre of the cyclone. Reason (R) : Air descends in the centre of the cyclone. ,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2002
48,a,”Eye of a storm forms when air descends in the center, creating calm; calmest part of storm on land.”
49,Consider the following climatic and geographical phenomena: 1. Condensation 2. High temperature and humidity 3. Orography 4. Vertical wind Thunder cloud development is due to which of these phenomena? ,(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 , 3 and 4,2002
49,d,”Thunder clouds form due to high temperature, humidity, and orographic lifting.”
50,For short-term climatic predictions, which one of the following events, detected in the last decade, is associated with occasional weak monsoon rains in the Indian subcontinent?,(a) La Nina (b) Movement of Jet Stream (c) El Nino. and Southern Oscillations (d) Greenhouse effect
50,c,”El Niño and La Niña are opposite phases of ENSO cycle, impacting Pacific climate.”
51,Which one of the following is not a lagoon? ,(a) Ashtamudi lake (b) Chilka lake (c) Periyar lake (d) Pulicat lake,2002
51,c,”Periyar Lake is formed by Mulloperiyar River dam, situated within Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary.”
Certainly! Here are the locations of the lakes you’ve mentioned:
a) Ashtamudi Lake: Ashtamudi Lake is located in the Kollam district of the Indian state of Kerala. It is the second-largest estuarine system in Kerala and is renowned for its scenic beauty, backwater cruises, and biodiversity.
b) Chilika Lake: Chilika Lake is situated in the state of Odisha, India. It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the second-largest in the world. The lake is separated from the Bay of Bengal by a narrow sandy ridge and is famous for its rich biodiversity, including migratory birds and endangered species like the Irrawaddy dolphins.
c) Periyar Lake: Periyar Lake is an artificial reservoir located in the Periyar National Park in the Indian state of Kerala. It was formed by the construction of the Mullaperiyar Dam across the Periyar River. The lake and its surrounding areas are known for their wildlife, including elephants, tigers, and various bird species.
d) Pulicat Lake: Pulicat Lake is a brackish water lagoon located on the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu states in southern India. It is the second-largest lagoon in India and serves as an important habitat for migratory birds, especially during the winter season. The lake is also known for its fishing communities and mangrove forests.
These lakes hold significant ecological, economic, and cultural importance in their respective regions.
52,Which one of the following statements is correct with reference to our solar system? ,(a) The earth is the densest of all the planets in our solar system (b) The predominant element in the composition of earth is silicon (c) The sun contains 75 percent of the mass of the solar system (d) The diameter of the sun is 190 times that of the earth,2002
52,a,”Earth is densest planet; densities: Earth—5.52, Venus—5.50, Mercury—5.27, Mars—3.95, Jupiter/Saturn—0.69, Uranus—1.27.”
53,Assertion (A) : The amount of moisture in the atmosphere is related to latitude Reason (R) : The capacity to hold moisture in the form of water vapour is related to temperature. ,(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2003
53,a,”Moisture in atmosphere related to latitude due to temperature’s effect on moisture-holding capacity.”
Question Number,Question,Options,Year
Question Number,Answer,Explanation
54,Assertion (A) : Unlike temperate forests, the tropical rain forests, if cleared, can yield productive farmland that can support intensive agriculture for several years even without chemical fertilizers. Reason (R) : The primary productivity of the tropical rain forest is very high when compared to that of temperate forests.,(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2003
54,d,”Constant rain in tropical rainforests leads to continuous leaching of soil nutrients, requiring additional minerals via chemical fertilizers.”
55,Assertion (A) : Areas lying within five to eight degrees latitude on either side of the equator receive rainfall throughout the year. Reason (R) : High temperatures and high humidity cause convectional rain to fall mostly in the afternoons near the equator.,(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2003
55,a,”Highest rainfall occurs near equator in tropics due to strong solar heating, causing vertical uplifts, prolonged heavy showers, and frequent thunderstorms.”
56,Which one among the following covers the highest percentage of forest area in the world? ,(a) Temperate coniferous forests (b) Temperate deciduous forests (c) Tropical monsoon forests (d) Tropical rain forests,2003
56,a,”Coniferous forests cover the highest percentage of forest area globally.”
57,Among the following which planet takes maximum time for one revolution around the Sun? ,(a) Earth (b) Jupiter (c) Mars (d) Venus,2003
57,b,”Jupiter has longest revolution period (11 years 86 days); Mars—687 days, Venus—267 days.”
58,Assertion (A) : Thickness of the atmosphere is maximum over the Equator. Reason (R) : High insolation and strong convection currents occur over the Equator. ,(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2004
58,a,”Circulation of atmosphere and oceans is driven by solar radiation variation; high latitudes have thicker atmosphere and Earth’s maximum thickness over poles.”
59,Where is the volcanic mountain, Mount St. Helens located?,(a) Chile (b) Japan (c) Philippines (d) United States of America,2005
59,d,”Mount St. Helens is a volcanic mountain located in the United States of America.”
60,Assertion (A) : The same face of the moon is always presented to the earth. Reason (R) : The moon rotates about its own axis in 23 and half days which is about the same time that it takes to orbit the earth. ,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2005
60,c,”Moon’s rotation period is 27.322 days; Earth’s gravitational field slowed moon’s rotation, stabilizing it to always show the same face to Earth.”
61,Assertion (A) : Existence of human life on Venus is highly improbable. Reason (R): Venus has extremely high level of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere. ,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2005
61,a,”Venus atmosphere: primarily carbon dioxide, denser and hotter than Earth’s; supports opaque sulfuric acid clouds, hindering surface observation.”
62,Assertion (A) : Wind patterns are clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and anti-clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Reason (R) : The directions of wind patterns in the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere are governed by the Coriolis effect. ,(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,2005
62,a,”Wind direction in Northern Hemisphere is clockwise and counterclockwise in Southern Hemisphere due to Coriolis effect.”
63,Where are the Balearic Islands located?,(a) Mediterranean Sea (b) Black Sea (c) Baltic Sea (d) North Sea,2005
63,a,”Balearic Islands are an archipelago of Spain in the Western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.”
64,Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?,(a) Bahamas: Nassau (b) Costa Rica: San Jose (c) Nicaragua: Balmopan (d) Dominican Republic: Santo Domingo,2005
64,c,”Managua is capital of Nicaragua, not Balmopan; Balmopan is capital city of Belize.”
65,Consider the following statements: 1. The Axis of the earth’s magnetic field is inclined at 23 and half to the geographic axis of the earth. 2. The earth’s magnetic pole in the Northern Hemisphere is located on a Peninsula in Northern Canada. 3. The earth’s magnetic equator passes through Thumba in South India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 2 only (d) 3 only,2005
65,b,”Earth’s magnetic field is inclined between –90° to 90°; points downward in Northern Hemisphere and upward in Southern Hemisphere.”
66,Consider the following statements: 1. Total land area of earth is approximately 1475 lakh square kilometers. 2. Ratio of land area to water area of earth is approximately 1 : 4. 3. Maximum percentage of earth’s water is in the Pacific Ocean. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 only (d) 3 only,2005
66,a,”Earth’s land area is approximately 148,226,000 square kilometers, making land-to-water ratio approximately 1:3; Pacific Ocean holds maximum percentage of Earth’s water.”
67,In which one of the following oceans Diamantine Trench is situated? ,(a) Pacific Ocean (b) Atlantic Ocean (c) Indian Ocean (d) Arctic Ocean,2006
67,c,”Diamantina Trench is in southeast Indian Ocean, with depth of 8047 meters.”
68,Assertion (A): To orbit around the Sun the planet Mars takes lesser time than the time taken by the earth. Reason (R) : The diameter of the planet Mars is less than that of earth. ,(a) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are individually true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ . (b) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are individually true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’. (c) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false. (d) ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true,2006
68,d,”Mars revolution around sun takes 1.88 years; Earth’s diameter is nearly double that of Mars.”
69,What is the average distance (approximate) between the sun and the earth? ,(a) 70 × 105 km (b) 100 × 105 km (c) 110 × 106 km (d) 150 × 106 km,2007
69,d,”Actual average distance between Sun and Earth is about 152 × 10^6 km, close to 150 × 10^6 km.”
70,Consider the following statements: 1. Either of the two belts over the oceans at about 30° to 35° N and S Latitudes is known as Horse latitude. 2. Horse latitudes are low pressure belts. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,2007
70,a,”Horse latitudes are located between latitudes 30°–35° north and south of the equator, characterized by a ridge of high pressure known as the subtropical high.”
71,Consider the following statements: 1. Annual range of temperature is greater in the Pacific Ocean than that in the Atlantic Ocean. 2. Annual range of temperature is greater in the Northern Hemisphere than that in the Southern Hemisphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,2007
71,b,”Maximum and minimum annual temperatures of ocean water are recorded in August and February respectively in the Northern Hemisphere. Enclosed seas have higher annual temperature range than open seas. Atlantic Ocean has higher annual temperature range than Pacific Ocean. Northern Hemisphere’s greater landmass leads to higher annual temperature range.”
72,Consider the following statements: l. Albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with reflected light. 2. Albedo of Mercury is much greater than the albedo of the Earth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,2008
72,a,”Albedo is the fraction of incident sunlight reflected. Higher albedo indicates brighter appearance. Mercury has an albedo of 0.1, Earth’s albedo is 0.30.”
73,For India, China, UK and USA, which one of the following is the correct sequence of the median age of their population? ,(a) China < India < UK < USA (b) India < China < USA< UK (c) China < India < USA< UK (d) India < China < UK < USA,2008
73,b,”The correct sequence of median age of population for India, China, USA, and UK is India < China < USA < UK.”
74,In order of their distances from the Sun, which of the following planets lie between Mars and Uranus? ,(a) Earth and Jupiter (b) Jupiter and Saturn (c) Saturn and Earth (d) Saturn and Neptune,2008
74,b,”Jupiter and Saturn are located between Mars and Uranus.”
75,Which one of the following planets has largest number of natural satellites or moons? ,(a) Jupiter (b) Mars (c) Saturn (d) Venus,2009
75,a,”Jupiter has the maximum number of moons (63), followed by Saturn (61), Mars (2), and Venus (none).”
76,In the structure of planet Earth, below the mantle, the core is mainly made up of which one of the following? ,(a) Aluminium (b) Chromium (c) Iron (d) Silicon,2009
76,c,”Earth’s core is primarily composed of nickel and iron.”
77,Consider the following statements : 1. On the planet Earth, the fresh water available for use amounts to about less than 1% of the total water found. 2. Of the total fresh water found on the planet Earth 95% is bound up in polar ice caps and glaciers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,2010
77,a,”Less than 1% of Earth’s total water is freshwater available for use, with 68.7% bound up in polar ice and glaciers.”
78,A geographic area with an altitude of 400 metres has following characteristics. Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Average maximum temp °C 31 31 31 31 30 30 29 28 29 29 30 31 Average minimum temp °C 21 21 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 20 20 Rainfall (mm) 51 85 188 158 139 121 134 168 185 221 198 86 If this geographic area were to have a natural forest, which one of the following would it most likely be? ,(a) Moist temperate coniferous forest (b) Montane subtropical forest (c) Temperate forest (d) Tropical rain forest,2010
78,d,”Tropical rainforests are warm and humid, with temperatures ranging from 21 to 30 degrees Celsius (70 to 85°F) and annual precipitation of 60 to 160 inches (152 to 406 cm). Some rainforests experience even higher rainfall, up to almost 400 inches annually.”
79,A new type of El Nino called El Nino Modoki appeared in the news. In this context, consider the following statements: 1. Normal El Nino forms in the Central Pacific Ocean whereas El Nino Modoki forms in Eastern Pacific Ocean 2. Normal El Nino results in diminished hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean but El Nino Modoki results in a greater number of hurricanes with greater frequency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,2010
79,b,”Normal El Niño forms in the south-eastern Pacific, while El Niño Modoki forms in the central Pacific and leads to a greater number of hurricanes.”
80,Which one of the following reflects back more sunlight as compared to other three? ,(a) Sand desert (b) Paddy crop (c) Land covered with fresh snow (d) Prairie land,2010
80,c,”Snow has the highest albedo.”
81,A geographic region has the following distinct characteristics: 1. Warm and dry climate 2. Mild and wet winter 3. Evergreen Oak trees The above features are distinct characteristics of which one of the following regions? ,(a) Mediterranean (b) Eastern China (c) Central Asia (d) Atlantic coast of North America,2010
81,a,”Mediterranean climates feature mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers, along with evergreen and oak trees.”
82,What causes wind to deflect toward left in the Southern Hemisphere? ,(a) Temperature (b) Magnetic field (c) Rotation of the earth (d) Pressure,2010
82,c,”Rotation of the Earth causes wind to deflect towards the left in the Southern Hemisphere, known as the Coriolis effect.”
83,If a tropical rain forest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because ,(a) the soil of rain forest is deficient in nutrients (b) propagules of the trees in a rain forest have poor viability (c) the rain forest species are slow-growing (d) exotic species invade the fertile soil of rain forest.,2011 - I
83,a,”Soils in tropical rainforests are relatively poor in nutrients due to heavy rainfall washing them away, unlike tropical deciduous forests where major nutrients remain in the soil.”
84,A layer in the Earth’s atmosphere called ionosphere facilities radio communication. Why ? 1. The presence of ozone causes the reflection of radio waves to earth. 2. Radio waves have a very long wavelength. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ,(a) 1 only (b) 2 only,2011 - I
84,d,”Ionosphere contains charged particles that reflect electromagnetic radio waves, while ozone is primarily found in the stratosphere and troposphere, mainly absorbing UV rays.”
85,”La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino ?”,”1. La Nina is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. 2. El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
85,d,”El Niño is characterized by warming of the Pacific Ocean between South America and the Date Line, accompanied by high air surface pressure in the western Pacific. La Niña occurs when cooler-than-usual ocean temperatures exist on the equator between South America and the Date Line, accompanied by low air surface pressure in the eastern Pacific.”
86,”What is difference between asteroids and comets ?”,”1. Asteroids are small rocky planetoids, while comets are formed of frozen gases held together by rocky and metallic material. 2. Asteroids are found mostly between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, while comets are found mostly between Venus and Mercury. 3. Comets show a perceptible glowing tail, while asteroids do not.”,a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 3 only d) 1,2 and 3
86,b,”Comets are found beyond Neptune in the Kuiper Belt, while asteroids are tiny planetary bodies between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars.”
87,”Westerlies in southern hemisphere are stronger and persistent than in northern hemisphere. Why?”,”1. Southern hemisphere has less landmass as compared to northern hemisphere. 2. Coriolis force is higher in southern hemisphere as compared to northern hemisphere.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
87,a,”The westerlies are faster and more persistent in the Southern Hemisphere due to less landmass, resulting in decreased velocity as they cross land, affecting the Northern Hemisphere less.”
88,”What could be the main reason/reasons for the formation of African and Eurasian desert belt ?”,”1. It is located in the sub-tropical high pressure cells. 2. It is under the influence of warm ocean currents.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
88,a,”The given region experiences the influence of a cold ocean current, making the second statement incorrect.”
89,”The jet aircrafts fly very easily and smoothly in the lower stratosphere. What could be the appropriate explanation ?”,”1. There are no clouds or water vapour in the lower stratosphere. 2. There are no vertical winds in the lower stratosphere.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
89,c,”Jets fly in the lower stratosphere to avoid turbulence, where there are no clouds, little water vapor, and no vertical winds.”
90,”Which of the following is/are cited by the scientists as evidence/evidences for the continued expansion of universe?”,”1. Detection of microwaves in space 2. Observation of redshift phenomenon in space 3. Movement of asteroids in space 4. Occurrence of supernova explosions in space”,a) 1 and 2 b) 2 only c) 1, 3 and 4 d) None of the above can be cited as evidence
90,a,”The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is thermal radiation left over from the Big Bang, considered a landmark test of the Big Bang model of the universe.”
91,”Consider the following factors:”,”1. Rotation of the Earth 2. Air pressure and wind 3. Density of ocean water 4. Revolution of the Earth”,Which of the above factors influence the ocean currents?,a) 1 and 2 only b) 1, 2 and 3 c) 1 and 4 d) 2, 3 and 4
91,b,”Rotation of the Earth and air pressure/wind affect ocean currents, while the revolution of the Earth has no direct impact.”
92,”Normally, the temperature decreases with the increase in height from the Earth’s surface, because”,”1. the atmosphere can be heated upwards only from the Earth’s surface 2. there is more moisture in the upper atmosphere 3. the air is less dense in the upper atmosphere”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
92,c,”The atmosphere is heated by infrared radiation, and the lower atmosphere holds more moisture, while the upper atmosphere is less dense and holds less heat, resulting in lower temperatures.”
93,”Which one of the following is the characteristic climate of the Tropical Savannah Region?”,”(a) Rainfall throughout the year (b) Rainfall in winter only (c) An extremely short dry season (d) A definite dry and wet season”
93,d,”Savannah covers about 20% of Earth’s land area, primarily in Africa, with distinct dry and wet seasons, and savannah grasslands are richer in humus than equatorial forests.”
94,”Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?”,”Geographical Feature Region”,
a) Abyssinian Plateau : Arabia
b) Atlas Mountains : North-Western Africa
c) Guiana Highlands : South-Western Africa
d) Okavango Basin : Patagonia
94,b,”The Atlas mountain ranges are situated in the northwestern part of Africa, extending almost 2000 km and passing through Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.”
Certainly, here are brief notes for each of the four geographical features:
a) Abyssinian Plateau:
- Location: Located in the northeastern part of Africa, primarily in Ethiopia and Eritrea.
- Characteristics: The Abyssinian Plateau is a rugged plateau with an average elevation of around 2,000 to 3,000 meters above sea level. It is characterized by deep valleys, steep cliffs, and numerous rivers.
- Importance: It serves as the source region for several major rivers in Africa, including the Blue Nile and its tributaries. The plateau’s elevation also influences the region’s climate and agriculture.
b) Atlas Mountains:
- Location: Stretching across North-Western Africa, primarily in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
- Characteristics: The Atlas Mountains form a series of mountain ranges and plateaus, including the High Atlas, Middle Atlas, and Anti-Atlas. They are characterized by rugged terrain, snow-capped peaks, and deep valleys.
- Importance: The Atlas Mountains act as a natural barrier, separating the Mediterranean coast from the Sahara Desert. They play a crucial role in regional climate patterns, biodiversity, and human settlement.
c) Guiana Highlands:
- Location: Located in northern South America, spanning parts of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil.
- Characteristics: The Guiana Highlands are a vast plateau region with rugged terrain, dense rainforests, and numerous rivers and waterfalls. Mount Roraima, one of the most famous tepuis (tabletop mountains), is located in this region.
- Importance: The Guiana Highlands are known for their rich biodiversity, including numerous endemic species. They also hold significant mineral resources and are important for indigenous cultures and ecotourism.
d) Okavango Basin:
- Location: Situated in southern Africa, primarily in Botswana, with parts extending into Namibia and Angola.
- Characteristics: The Okavango Basin is a vast inland delta formed by the Okavango River, which flows into the Kalahari Desert but does not reach the sea. It consists of a network of channels, lagoons, and islands, supporting diverse ecosystems.
- Importance: The Okavango Delta is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a crucial habitat for numerous species of wildlife, including elephants, hippos, and various bird species. It is a significant tourist destination for wildlife safaris and supports local communities through tourism and fishing.
95,”Variations in the length of daytime and nighttime from season to season are due to”,”(a) the earth’s rotation on its axis (b) the earth’s revolution round the sun in an elliptical manner (c) latitudinal position of the place (d) revolution of the earth on a tilted axis.”
95,d,”Variations in daytime and nighttime length from season to season are due to the revolution of the Earth on its tilted axis.”
96,”On the planet earth, most of the freshwater exists as ice caps and glaciers. Out of the remaining freshwater, the largest proportion”,”(a) is found in atmosphere as moisture and clouds (b) is found in freshwater lakes and rivers (c) exists as groundwater (d) exists as soil moisture”
96,c,”Saline water in oceans, seas, and saline groundwater makes up about 97% of Earth’s water, with only about 2.5-2.75% being fresh water.”
97,”Consider the following pairs:”,”1. Electromagnetic radiation 2. Geothermal energy 3. Gravitational force 4. Plate movements 5. Rotation of the earth 6. Revolution of the earth”,Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of the earth?,a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only b) 1, 3, 5 and 6 only c) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
97,d,”Various factors, from electromagnetic radiation to plate movement, contribute to dynamic changes on Earth’s surface, including rotation causing day and night, revolution causing seasons, and plate tectonics affecting various geological phenomena.”
Question Number,Question,Options
Question Number,Answer,Explanation
98,”The most important fishing grounds of the world are found in the regions where”,”(a) warm and cold atmospheric currents meet (b) rivers drain out large amounts of freshwater into the sea (c) warm and cold oceanic currents meet (d) continental shelf is undulating”
98,c,”The mixing of warm and cold currents in the region where plankton are found provides food for fishes, as the temperature is suitable for their survival and the growth of plankton.”
99,”Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/ characteristics of equatorial forests?”,”1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy 2. Coexistence of a large number of species 3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
99,d,”The canopy is the primary layer of the forest, hosting the densest biodiversity and a variety of epiphytes.”
100,”The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal areas. What is/are the reason/reasons?”,”1. Thermal difference between land and water 2. Variation in altitude between continents and oceans 3. Presence of strong winds in the interior 4. Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts”,a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
100,a,”The distribution of land and oceans, with more land in the Northern Hemisphere and more water in the Southern Hemisphere, along with differences in specific heat, leads to moderate temperatures in oceans and extreme temperatures on continents, known as Maritime and Continental influences.”
101,”“Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty and the people used to be nomadic herders.” The above statement best describes which of the following regions?”,”(a) African Savannah (b) Central Asian Steppe (c) North American Prairie (d) Siberian Tundra”
101,b,”The central Asian steppes run through Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Mongolia, characterized by harsh climates with dust storms, little rainfall, and extreme temperatures.”
102,”Which of the following phenomena might have influenced the evolution of organisms?”,”1. Continental drift 2. Glacial cycles”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
102,c,”Continental drift has affected the evolution of animals, geographical positions, and climates by creating new regions, displacing landmasses to create diversity, and influencing the evolution of Homo genus during glacial cycles.”
103,”Consider the following statements”,”1. The winds which blow between 30° N and 60° S latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies. 2. The moist air masses that cause winter rains in North-Western region of India are part of westerlies.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
103,b,”The Westerlies are prevailing winds from the west toward the east between 30 and 60 degrees latitude, originating from high-pressure areas and causing winter rains in the northwestern region of India.”
104,”Tides occur in the oceans and seas due to which among the following?”,”1. Gravitational force of the Sun 2. Gravitational force of the Moon 3. Centrifugal force of the Earth”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
104,d,”Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces exerted by the Moon, Sun, and rotation of the Earth.”
105,”"”Each day is more or less the same, the morning is clear and bright with a sea breeze; as the Sun climbs high in the sky, heat mounts up, dark clouds form, then rain comes with thunder and lightning. But rain is soon over.”” Which of the following regions is described in the above passage?”,”(a) Savannah (b) Equatorial (c) Monsoon (d) Mediterranean”
105,b,”The passage discusses the equatorial region.”
106,”In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions in tropical latitudes, cyclone does not originate. What is the reason?”,”(a) Sea surface temperatures are low (b) Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone seldom occurs (c) Coriolis force is too weak (d) Absence of land in those regions”
106,b.”One of the main factors for tropical cyclone formation is a large sea surface temperature higher than 27°C, but in the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions, sea surface temperatures remain relatively cooler, preventing cyclone formation.”
107,”What explains the eastward flow of the equatorial counter-current?”,”(a) The Earth’s rotation on its axis (b) Convergence of the two equatorial currents (c) Difference in salinity of water (d) Occurrence of the belt of calm near the equator”
107,a,”The Earth’s rotation on its axis explains the eastward flow of the equatorial counter-current, as water piles up on the west side due to rotation.”
108,”Which of the following is/are tributary tributaries of Brahmaputra?”,”1. Dibang 2. Kameng 3. Lohit”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
108,d,”All three statements are correct regarding the Brahmaputra River’s tributaries.”
109,”With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)’ sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct?”,”1. IOD phenomenon is characterized by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. 2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino’s impact on the monsoon.”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
109,b,”The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) can influence El Nino’s impact on the Monsoon, but the IOD itself does not directly affect El Nino. The second statement is correct.”
110,”Consider the following statements:”,”1. The Barren Island volcano is an active volcano located in the Indian territory. 2. Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great Nicobar. 3. The last time the Barren Island volcano erupted was in 1991 and it has remained inactive since then.”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 c) 3 only d) 1 and 3
110,a,”Barren Island volcano became active again in March 1991, followed by a second phase of eruptions in 1995. The third statement is incorrect.”
111,”With reference to agricultural soils, consider the following statements :”,”1. A high content of organic matter in soil drastically reduces its water holding capacity. 2. Soil does not play any role in the Sulphur cycle. 3. Irrigation over a period of time can contribute to the salinization of some agricultural lands.”,a) 1 and 2 only b) 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
111,b,”The process of decay transforms organic matter into humus, which enhances the soil’s water retention capacity. The third statement is incorrect.”
112,”Which of the following is/are the possible consequence/s of heavy sand mining in riverbeds ?”,”1. Decreased salinity in the river 2. Pollution of groundwater 3. Lowering of the water-table”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1 ,2 and 3
112,b,”Sand mining increases salinity, which poses a threat of saline water ingress into fresh water. The first statement is incorrect.”
113,”Which of the following statements best describes ““carbon fertilization””?”,”(a) Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (b) Increased temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (c) Increased acidity of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (d) Adaptation of all living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere”
113,a,”Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide increase photosynthesis, explaining 70 percent of the greening effect observed.”
114,”Consider the following statements:”,”1. The Earth’s magnetic field has reversed every few hundred thousand years. 2. When the Earth was created more than 4000 million years ago, there was 54% oxygen and no carbon dioxide. 3. When living organisms originated, they modified the early atmosphere of the Earth.”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
114,c,”Early Earth’s atmosphere had no free oxygen, so organisms at that time could at best be anaerobic. The first statement is correct, and CO2 was present in the early atmosphere.”
115,”On 21st June the sun”,”(a) Does not set below the horizon at the Arctic circle (b) Does not set below the horizon at Antarctic circle (c) Shines vertically overhead at noon on the Equator (d) Shines vertically overhead at the tropic of Capricorn”
115,a,”On 21st June, places beyond the Arctic Circle experience continuous daylight for about six months due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis. The other options are incorrect.”
116,”Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of methane hydrate?”,”1. Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits. 2. Large deposits of ‘methane hydrate’ are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor. 3. Methane in atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two.”,a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
116,d,”Large amounts of methane are frozen in Arctic tundra soils and marine sediments. As Earth’s climate warms, this methane is vulnerable to release, contributing to global warming. Additionally, methane molecules remain in the atmosphere for about 8 years before being oxidized into carbon dioxide and water. All three statements are correct.”
117,”Why are dewdrops not formed on a cloudy night?”,”(a) Clouds absorb the radiation released from the Earth’s surface. (b) Clouds reflect back the Earth’s radiation. (c) The Earth’s surface would have low temperature on cloudy nights. (d) Clouds deflect the blowing wind to ground level.”
117,b,”The most appropriate reason for favorable dew formation is clear skies, which allow for maximum release of longwave radiation to space. Cloudy skies reflect and absorb longwave radiation, preventing as much cooling from occurring. The other options are not directly related to dew formation.”
118,”With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the following statements is/are correct?”,”1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26°C isotherm which is 129 meters in the south-western Indian Ocean during January – March. 2. OMT collected during January March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean”,a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
118,b,”Ocean mean temperature (OMT) is measured up to a depth of the 26°C isotherm. However, during January–March in the Southwestern Indian Ocean, the mean depth of the 26°C isotherm is 59 meters. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect. OMT has better predictive ability for India’s monsoon rainfall compared to sea surface temperature (SST). Statement 2 is correct.”
119,”Consider the following statements:”,”1. Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only. 2. Only some cyclones develop an eye. 3. The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10°C lesser than that of the surroundings.”,a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 2 only d) 1 and 3 only
119,c,”Jet streams are high-altitude westerly wind systems blowing at heights of 6 to 14 km, with speeds reaching up to 450 km/hr in wavy forms in both hemispheres. Thus, statement 1 is incorrect. The calm region at the center of a cyclone is called the eye. It is characterized by no rainfall, the highest temperatures, and the lowest pressure within the cyclonic system. Statement 3 is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is (c).”
Question Number,Question,Options,Correct Answer
Question,Notes
1,Given below is a map of some countries which were parts of the erstwhile Soviet Union, with water bodies shown by shaded areas: [1995],(a) Tajikistan, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan, Kirgizia, Kazakhstan;(b) Turkmenia, Kirgizia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan;(c) Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kirgizia, Turkmenia;(d) Kazakhstan, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan, Kirgizia, Tajikistan,(d)
1,The marked countries in figure are: ‘1’ – Kazakhstan ‘2’ – Turkmenia ‘3’ – Uzbekistan ‘4’ – Kirgizia ‘5’ – Tajikistan
2,The standard time of the following countries is ahead of or behind Greenwich Mean Time depending on whether they are East or West of the longitude passing through Greenwich. [1995],1. Cuba 2. Greece 3. Iraq 4. Costa Rica 5. Japan,(a) 5, 3, 2, 1, 4;(b) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5;(c) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5;(d) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2,(a)
2,Greenwich Mean Time is the standard time for time assessment in different countries. The countries which lie east of the Greenwich line are ahead of Greenwich Mean Time while the countries which lie west of Greenwich have their standard time behind the Greenwich Mean Time. So, the correct sequence of the countries is Japan, Iraq, Greece, Cuba, and Costa Rica.
3,The original home of the gypsies was : [1995],(a) Egypt (b) Russia (c) India (d) Persia,(c)
3,The ‘Gypsies’ are a group of people found in Central Asia. But, the original home of Gypsies was in India (Western Rajasthan and Punjab) area. ‘Gypsies’ are an ethnic group, which for unknown reasons took to a wandering lifestyle during the late middle ages.
4,Consider the map given below indicating four places frequently figuring in the news: [1995],Which one of them is Chechenya? Choose the correct answer:,(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4,(b)
4,Chechnya is situated in the Asian continent. Chechnya was in the news due to its separatist movement from Russia.
5,Arakan Yoma is the extension of the Himalayas located in : [1995],(a) Baluchistan (b) Myanmar (c) Nepal (d) Kashmir,(b)
5,Arakan Yoma is located in western Myanmar. It is a part of the eastern Himalayas. It includes the Naga hills, the Chin hills, and the Patkai range which includes the Lushai hills.
6,Consider the map given below : [1996],Afghanistan Punjab Baluchistan Rajputana,The dotted (broken) line in the map is the :,(a) Durand line (b) McMohan line (c) Line of demarcation between India and Pakistan suggested by the Boundary Commission (1947) (d) route followed by young husband’s expedition.,(a)
6,The dotted (broken) line in the map represents the Durand line, the boundary between India and Afghanistan. This line was demarcated by a commission headed by Mortiner Durand in 1896.
7,Which one of the following regions of India is now regarded as an ‘ecological hot spot’? [1996],(a) Western Himalayas (b) Eastern Himalayas (c) Western Ghats (d) Eastern Ghats,(c)
7,Western Ghat is known as an ecological hotspot in India notified under the Wildlife Act of 1972.
8,The rough outline map shows a portion of the Middle East. The countries labelled A, B, C and D are respectively: [1996],(a) Syria, Iraq, Jordan and Saudi Arabia (b) Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Jordan (c) Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Jordan (d) Iraq, Syria, Jordan and Saudi Arabia,(b)
8,In the given map, the labeled countries are ‘A’ is Iraq ‘B’ is Syria ‘C’ is Saudi Arabia ‘D’ is Jordan.
9,The Palk Bay lies between: [1996],(a) Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Khambhat (b) Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal (c) Lakshadweep and Maldive Islands (d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands,(b)
9,The Palk Bay (strait) separates India and Sri Lanka. It lies between the Gulf of Mannar and the Bay of Bengal.
10,A rough outline map of northern Sri Lanka is shown below. Jaffna is located at the point marked: [1996],(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D,(b)
10,Jaffna is situated at the ‘D’ point in the given figure. Jaffna is the location in Sri Lanka, where the LTTE group was very active and had a stronghold.
11,About 50% of the world population is concentrated between the latitudes of : [1997],(a) 5°N and 20° N (b) 20°N and 40°N (c) 40ºN and 60ºN (d) 20ºS and 40ºS,(b)
11,About 50% of the world population is concentrated between latitudes of 20°N and 40°N, because most populous countries and areas like Asia, U.S.A, Europe, and India lie within this latitude.
12,”…..They are people of yellow complexion, oblique eyes, high check bones, sparse hair and medium height.” The reference here is to : [1997],(a) Nordic Aryans (b) Austrics (c) Negroids (d) Mongoloids,(d)
12,Mongoloids are inhabitants of northern, eastern, and southeast Asia. Their eyes have a characteristic fold of skin on the upper lid, hair is lank and straight, and the height is medium. The group also includes the Chinese, Japanese, Burmese, Thais, Vietnamese, and Malays.
13,Consider the map given below: [1997],The river shown on the map is :,(a) Irrawaddy (b) Mekong (c) Chao Phraya (d) Salween,(d)
13,The Salween river is located in the eastern part of Myanmar. This river is situated on the Shan Plateau of Myanmar. Its basin covers 320,000 sq km. This river forms the border between Burma and Thailand.
Certainly!
a) Irrawaddy River: The Irrawaddy River flows through Myanmar (formerly Burma). It originates in the Kachin State in the northern part of the country and flows southward through the central plains, eventually emptying into the Andaman Sea.
b) Mekong River: The Mekong River is one of the longest rivers in Southeast Asia, flowing through multiple countries. It originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows through China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea.
c) Chao Phraya River: The Chao Phraya River is located in Thailand. It begins at the confluence of the Ping and Nan rivers in Nakhon Sawan Province and flows through central Thailand, passing through Bangkok before emptying into the Gulf of Thailand.
d) Salween River: The Salween River, also known as the Thanlwin River, flows through China, Myanmar, and Thailand. It originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows through eastern Tibet, Yunnan Province in China, eastern Myanmar, and western Thailand before emptying into the Andaman Sea.
14,”From Aceh in the far north west to Torres Strait in the east is 5000 miles, almost as far as from London to Baghdad. The archipelago has 14,000 islands, some mere equatorial rocks, others some of the largest in the world.” This description best fits: [1997],(a) West Indies (b) Japan (c) Philippines (d) Indonesia,(d)
14,Indonesia consists of 13,677 islands (nearly 14,000) and this country is 5000 miles from Torres strait. 4th largest country in Asia.
15,Consider the geographical details given in the following figure: [1997],The point marked by A in the above figure indicates the countries in :,(a) North America (b) South America (c) Europe (d) Asia,(d)
15,The geographical details given in the figure indicate England, which is situated in Europe.
16,Which one of the following countries is the largest producer of fuel wood in the world? [1997],(a) Indonesia (b) Russia (c) India (d) China,(a)
16,c According to FAO: India - 305485093 cubic meters; China - 191042128 cubic meters; Indonesia - 73719856 cubic meters; Russia - 47,000000 cubic meters.
17,Which one of the following countries has replaced Italy as the major importer of bauxite from India? [1998],(a) Canada (b) Greece (c) Ukraine (d) United Arab Emirates,(c)
17,Canada is the largest importer of bauxite from India.
18,Indonesian forest fire in 1997 was caused by : [1998],(a) greenhouse effect (b) depletion of ozone layer (c) El Nino effect (d) None of these,(c)
18d
,It’s a blame game, with everyone pointing the finger at someone else. Environmental group WWF Indonesia, which has been highlighting the problem of Indonesia’s recurrent fires for years, says that the fires are caused by the “collective negligence” of companies, smallholders, and government (which isn’t investing sufficiently in preventative measures). Many blame big business. According to a recent analysis of World Resources Institute data in September, more than one third (37%) of the fires in Sumatra are occurring on pulpwood concessions. A good proportion of the rest are on or near land used by palm oil producers. “Many of these fires are a direct result of the industrial manipulation of the landscape for plantation development,” says Lindsey Allen, executive director of the conservation organization Rainforest Action Network.
19,When there is noon at I.S.T. meridian people at another place of the earth are taking their 6 O’ clock morning tea. The longitude of the place is : [1998],(a) 17°30’ E (b) 7°30’ W . (c) 172°30’ E (d) 90° W,(b)
b.
20,Which one of the following port cities in Venezuela has been developed as an oil port? [1999],(a) Caracas (b) Maracaibo (c) Maracay (d) Carupano,(b)
20,Puerto Miranda is an oil port situated on the east side of Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela and it is the largest crude oil export port in South America.
21,Assertion (A) : Chile continues to be an important producer of copper in the world. Reason (R) : Chile is endowed with the world’s largest deposit of porphyry copper. [1999],(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation, of A (c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true,(a)
21,Assertion and reason both are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. Chile is the largest copper producer in the world. 35% of the total global production of copper is done by Chile and the major deposit is of porphyry copper.
22,Match the cities labelled as A, B, C and D in the given map with the names of cities and select the correct answer using the codes given below the names of cities: [1999],Air route Name of cities 1. Darwin 2. Kualalumpur 3. Lagos 4. Nairobi 5. Singapore,Codes: (a) A-1; B-2; C-4; D-3 (b) A-2; B-1; C-4; D-3 (c) A-1; B-4; C-5; D-2 (d) A-4; B-3; C-5; D-2,(a)
22,‘A’ marked city in the map is Darwin in Australia. ‘B’ marked city in the given map is Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. ‘C’ marked city in the map is Nairobi in Kenya. The city marked ‘D’ in the map is Lagos in Nigeria.
23,A person of mixed European and Indian blood in Latin America is called a : [1999],(a) Mulatto (b) Mestizo (c) Meiji (d) Mau Mau,(b)
- (b) Mestizo originally meant a person of combined
European and American Indian descent, regardless of where
the person was born.
24,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [1999],List-I List-II (Volcanic Mountain) (Country)
A Mt. Rainier 1. Italy
B. Etna 2. Mexico
C. Paricutin 3. Philippines
D. Taal 4. U.S.A.
Codes: (a) A-4; B-2; C-1; D-3 (b) A-4; B-1; C-2; D-3 (c) A-2; B-1; C-4; D-3 (d) A-4; B-3; C-2; D-1,(b)
24,Mt. Rainier is a volcanic mountain situated in the U.S.A. Mt. Etna is situated in Europe, Paricutin volcanic mountain is present in Mexico, and Taal volcanic mountain is present in the Philippines.
25,Consider the following provinces of former Yugoslavia: [2000],1. Bosnia 2. Croatia 3. Slovenia 4. Yugoslavia The correct sequence of these provinces from the east to west is : (a) 4, 1, 3, 2 (b) 4, 1, 2, 3 (c) 1, 4, 3, 2 (d) 1, 4, 2, 3,(b)
25,The correct sequence from east to west is Yugoslavia, Bosnia, Croatia, and Slovenia.
26,Which one of the following lakes forms an international boundary between Tanzania and Uganda? [2000],(a) Chad (b) Malawi (c) Victoria (d) Zambezi,(c)
26,Lake Victoria acts as the international boundary between Tanzania and Uganda. It is the largest lake in Africa and the 2nd widest freshwater body in the world.
27,A class of animals known as Marsupials is a characteristic feature of : [2001],(a) Africa (b) Australia (c) South America (d) South-east Asia,(b)
27,Marsupials are a group of mammals commonly have pouches or pockets of skin, where the mother nurses their young. These marsupians are found in Australia. The common examples of marsupians are Kangaroo and Koala.
Certainly! Here are some key points about marsupials that could be useful in UPSC exam preparation:
- Definition: Marsupials are a group of mammals characterized by the presence of a pouch, called a marsupium, in females where their young develop after birth.
- Geographical Distribution: Marsupials are primarily found in Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands. However, some species are also found in the Americas.
-
Examples of Marsupials:
- Kangaroos: Kangaroos are perhaps the most iconic marsupials, known for their hopping locomotion. They belong to the family Macropodidae.
- Koalas: Koalas are arboreal marsupials known for their diet primarily consisting of eucalyptus leaves. They belong to the family Phascolarctidae.
- Wallabies: Wallabies are smaller relatives of kangaroos, also belonging to the family Macropodidae.
- Tasmanian Devil: The Tasmanian devil is a carnivorous marsupial native to Tasmania, known for its ferocious temperament.
- Wombats: Wombats are burrowing marsupials known for their sturdy build and herbivorous diet.
- Possums: Possums are a diverse group of marsupials found in Australia, known for their nocturnal habits and varied diets.
- Reproductive Adaptations: One of the most distinctive features of marsupials is their reproductive strategy. Unlike placental mammals, marsupials give birth to relatively undeveloped young, which then crawl into the mother’s pouch to continue their development attached to a nipple. This adaptation allows for a shorter gestation period.
- Evolutionary History: Marsupials are believed to have evolved earlier than placental mammals. They diverged from the common ancestor of placental mammals around 160 million years ago.
- Ecological Role: Marsupials play various ecological roles in their habitats, ranging from herbivores to carnivores, and they contribute to ecosystem dynamics in their respective regions.
- Conservation Status: Some marsupial species face threats due to habitat loss, introduced predators, and diseases. Conservation efforts are underway to protect vulnerable species and their habitats.
Understanding these key points will provide a comprehensive overview of marsupials, their characteristics, distribution, and ecological significance, which could be useful for answering questions related to biodiversity, ecology, and evolutionary biology in UPSC exams.
28,The above map is the Union Territory of : [2001],(a) Chandigarh (b) Daman and Diu (c) Dadra and Nagar Haveli (d) Pondicherry,(d)
28,The given map is the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, located in western India. The capital is at Silvassa, and the major language of this Union Territory is Gujarati.
29,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [2001],List-I (Local Wind) List-II (Region)
A. Fohn 1. Argentina
B. Sarmun 2. Kurdistan
C. Santa Ana 3. California
D. Zonda 4. Alps
Codes: (a) A-2; B-4; C-1; D-3 (b) A-4; B-2; C-3; D-1 (c) A-2; B-4; C-3; D-1 (d) A-4; B-2; C-1; D-3,(a)
29,bFöhn is the warm and dry wind of the Alps region. Sarmun is the local wind of Kurdistan region, Santa Ana is the local wind of California, and Zonda is the local wind of Argentina.
30,The given map shows four towns of Central Asian region marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Identify these from the following lists and select the correct answer using the codes given below: [2001],Towns: A. Bishkek B. Ashikhabad C. Tashkent D. Dushanbe Codes: (a) A-3; B-1; C-2; D-4 (b) A-3; B-1; C-4; D-2 (c) A-1; B-3; C-2; D-4 (d) A-1; B-3; C-4; D-2,(b)
30,Ashgabat is marked as ‘1’, Tashkent is marked as ‘2’, Bishkek is marked as ‘3’, and Dushanbe is marked as ‘4’ in the given map.
A. Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan
B. Ashgabat: Turkmenistan
C. Tashkent: Uzbekistan
D. Dushanbe: Tajikistan
tabiastu
31,Consider the following statements regarding environment issues in India: [2001],1. Gulf of Mannar is one of the biosphere reserves 2. The Ganga Action Plan, phase II has been merged with the National River Conservation Plan. 3. The National Museum of Natural History at New Delhi imparts non-formal education in environment and conservation 4. Environmental Information System (ENVIS) acts as a decentralized information network for environment information Which of these statements are correct? (a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 3 and 4,(a)
31,All the statements given in the options are correct.
32,Consider the following countries: [2002],1. Brazil 2. Indonesia 3. Japan 4. Russia What is the descending order of the size of the following countries population-wise ? (a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4 (c) 2, 1, 4, 3 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4,(b)
32,cAccording to the provided data, the top ten countries with the highest population in 2000 were as follows: 1. China - 1,268,853,362 2. India - 1,004,124,224 3. United States - 282,338,631 4. Indonesia - 213,829,469 5. Brazil - 176,319,621 6. Pakistan - 146,404,914 7. Nigeria - 123,178,818 8. Bangladesh - 130,406,594 9. Russia - 146,709,971 10. Japan - 126,729,223 The total population of these top ten countries was 3,618,894,827, while the rest of the world’s population was 6,084,907,596.
33,Consider the following countries of South Asia: [2002],1. Bangladesh 2. India 3. Pakistan 4. Sri Lanka The descending order of literacy status of these countries is: (a) 4, 2, 1, 3 (b) 2, 4, 3, 1 (c) 4, 2, 3, 1 (d) 2, 4, 1, 3,(b)
33,a.According to UNESCO data from 2015, the literacy rates of the given countries are as follows: - Pakistan: 56.4% - India: 72.1% - Bangladesh: 72.8% - Sri Lanka: 92.6%
34,Consider the following countries: [2002],1. Albania 2. Bosnia Herzegovina 3. Croatia 4. Macedonia Which of these countries has/have Adriatic Sea as a boundary? (a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4,(b)
34,Bosnia, Herzegovina, Albania, and Croatia have the Adriatic Sea as a boundary. Macedonia is not located adjacent to the Adriatic Sea.
35,In the map given below, four islands of Indian Ocean region i.e., (A) Seychelles (B) Chagos (C) Mauritius and (D) Socotra are marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Match them and select the correct answer from the codes given below: [2002],The map is not on scale. 4 3 1 Codes : (a) A-1; B -3; C-4; D-2 (b) A-3; B-1; C-2; D-4 (c) A-1; B-3; C -2; D-4 (d) A-3; B- 1; C-4; D-2,(a)
35,In the given figure, the four islands of the Indian Ocean region are Chagos, Socotra, Seychelles, and Mauritius, which are marked as 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.
36,The waterfall ‘Victoria’ is associated with the river: (a) Amazon (b) Missouri (c) St. Lawrence (d) Zambezi,[d)
36c.,Victoria Falls is associated with the Zambezi River, located in Africa.
37,Life expectancy is the highest in the world in : [2003],(a) Canada (b) Germany (c) Japan (d) Norway,(c)
37,Japan has the highest life expectancy in the world, with a life expectancy of 80.9 years.
38,Consider the following statements: [2003],1. In Macedonia, ethnic Albanians are in a minority 2. In Kosovo, Serbians are in a majority Which of these statements is/are correct? (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,(b)
- (a) In Macedonia, ethinic Albanian population is 23%,
which is a good number in Macedonia. But in Kosovo 92%
are Albanians and Serbians are in a minority
39,Israel has common borders with: [2003],(a) Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt (b) Lebanon, Syria, Turkey and Jordan (c) Cyprus, Turkey, Jordan and Egypt (d) Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Yemen,(a)
39,Israel has common borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt.
40,Which among the following countries has the largest population? [2003],(a) Indonesia (b) Japan (c) Pakistan (d) Sudan,(a)
40,Indonesia has the largest population among the given countries.
41,Which one of the following countries is landlocked? (a) Bolivia (b) Peru (c) Surinam (d) Uruguay,[a)
41,Bolivia is a landlocked country in South America.
42,Which one of the following countries does not border the Caspian Sea? [2003],(a) Armenia (b) Azerbaijan (c) Kazakhstan (d) Turkmenistan,(a)
42,Armenia is a former Soviet republic located in the Mountainous Caucasus region between Asia and Europe. It is a landlocked country.
43,The great Asian river Mekong does not run through: (a) China (b) Malaysia (c) Cambodia (d) Laos,[b)
43,bMekong is a major river in southeastern Asia, known as the Lancang in China. It runs through Yunnan province, China, forms the border between Myanmar and Laos, most of the border between Laos and Thailand, and flows across Cambodia and Southern Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea.
44,Latvia does not share its borders with which one of the following countries? [2004],(a) Russia (b) Estonia (c) Lithuania (d) Poland,(d)
44,d
Latvia does not share its border with Poland. Its neighbors include Lithuania to the south, Estonia to the north, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast. Latvia’s only distinct border is the Baltic Sea coast, which extends for 531 kilometers.
45,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: [2004],List-I (Sea) List-II (Country)
A. Black Sea 1. Bulgaria
B. Red Sea 2. China
C. Yellow Sea 3. Eritrea
D. Caspian Sea 4. Kazakhstan Codes: (a) A-1; B-4; C-2; D-3 (b) A-2; B-3; C-1; D-4 (c) A-1; B-3; C-2; D-4 (d) A-2; B-4; C-1; D-3,(a)
45,Black Sea: Bulgaria, Red Sea: Eritrea, Yellow Sea: China, Caspian Sea: Kazakhstan
46,Which one of the following does not border Panama? (a) Coast Rica (b) Pacific Ocean (c) Colombia (d) Venezuela,[d)
46,Panama is located in Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica, on the narrow and low Isthmus of Panama.
47,Which one of the following countries does not border Lithuania? [2005],(a) Poland (b) Ukraine (c) Belarus (d) North Sea,(d)
47,b.Ukraine is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south.
48,Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the given towns of Pakistan while moving from the north towards the south? [2005],(a) Islamabad–Gujranwala–Peshawar–Multan (b) Peshawar–Gujranwala–Multan–Islamabad (c) Peshawar–Islamabad–Gujranwala–Multan (d) Islamabad–Multan–Peshawar–Gujranwala,(c)
48,The correct sequence of towns while moving from North to South in Pakistan is Peshawar – Islamabad – Gujranwala – Multan.
49,Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [2005],List-I (City) List-II (River)
A. Washington, D.C. 1. River Manzanares
B. Berlin 2. River Seine
C. Paris 3. River Spree
D. Madrid 4. River Potomac Codes : (a) A-2; B-3; C-4; D-1 (b) A-4; B-1; C-2; D-3 (c) A-2; B-1; C-4; D-3 (d) A-4; B-3; C-2; D-1,(a)
49,City River: A. Washington, D.C. - Potomac, B. Berlin - Spree, C. Paris - Seine, D. Madrid - Manzanares
50,Consider the following statements: [2005],1. Great Britain comprises England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. 2. England covers less than 60% of the total area of the United Kingdom. . Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2,(c)
50b
,The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,226 sq miles (244,044 sq km), with England covering 50,344 sq miles (130,365 sq km), which is less than 60% of the total land area of the United Kingdom. Great Britain does not include Northern Ireland.
51,Itaipu Dam built on the river Parana is one of the largest dams in the world. Which of the following two countries have this as a joint project? [2005],(a) Brazil and Peru (b) Paraguay and Ecuador (c) Brazil and Paraguay (d) Colombia and Paraguay,(c)
51,Itaipu Dam, built on the Paraná River, is the largest dam in the world, a joint project of Brazil and Paraguay.
52,Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the given continents in the decreasing order of their percentage of Earth’s land? [2005],(a) North America–Africa–South America–Europe (b) Africa–North America–South America–Europe (c) North America–Africa–Europe–South America (d) Africa–North America–Europe–South America,(b)
52,The decreasing order of continents according to the percentage of Earth’s land area is Africa, North America, South America, and Europe.
