Key Terms Flashcards
Asthenosphere
The upper layer of the earth’s mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
Lithosphere
The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle
Basaltic eruptions
Basaltic eruptions are volcanic events characterized by the eruption of basaltic magma, which has relatively low viscosity and low gas content.
Benioff zone
The narrow area where earthquakes tend to occur in the subduction is known as the Benioff Zone
Risk sharing
Sharing knowledge and human response strategies will enable all countries to prepare for a hazard event in a better way.
Convection column*
A convection column in the mantle is responsible for the vertical transferring of heat from the core to the surface.
Convection currents
Hot material rises from the core-mantle boundary due to reduced density.
As it loses heat near the surface, it becomes denser and sinks back down.
These circulating cells of molten rock contribute to volcanic activity, earthquakes, and continental drift.
Coriolis effect
An effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation.
deflects wind to the right in the north hemisphere/the left in the south
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing is the collection of information, opinions, or work from a group of people, usually sourced via the Internet.
Denudation
Denudation is a geological process that shapes our Earth’s surface.
It involves the gradual removal of material from landforms and landscapes due to the actions of moving water, ice, wind, and waves.
Disaster hotspot
Areas at relatively high risk of loss from one or more natural hazards.
Effusive eruptions
Effusive eruption is a type of volcanic eruption in which lava steadily flows out of a volcano onto the ground, gruadual release of volcanic material
Environmental degredation
Environmental degradation refers to the deterioration of the environment/ depletion of natural resources due to various factors.
Fatalism
Fatalism refers to a viewpoint that considers natural hazards as uncontrollable events.
- any losses resulting from these hazards should be accepted because there is nothing that can be done to prevent them.
Ridge push/Gravitational sliding
Occurs at mid-ocean ridges as the result of the rigid lithosphere sliding down the hot, raised asthenosphere below mid-ocean ridges.
-It primarily occurs at mid-ocean ridges
