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Industrial Waste Management > Wastewater management > Flashcards

Wastewater management Flashcards

1
Q

Provide guidelines for classifying water bodies in the country, determine time trends, evaluate the stages of deterioration or enhancement in water quality, evaluate the need for taking actions in preventing, controlling, or abating water pollution.

A

DENR Administrative Order 2016-08

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2
Q

DAO 2016-08 covers the discussion and specification of WQG and GES

A

Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards

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3
Q

Are the required minimum water quality parameters to be monitored for each water body.

A

Primary parameters

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4
Q

Are other water quality parameters to be used in baseline assessment as part of the Environmental Impact Assessment and other water quality monitoring purposes

A

Secondary parameters

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5
Q

Effluent quality parameters for manufacturing: rice/corn milling

A

BOD and TSS

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6
Q

The 2021 amendment partially amends the DAO by raising the standard values for six parameters

A

NH3-N
Boron
Copper
Fecal coliform
Phosphorus
Sulfate

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7
Q

NDA means

A

No discharge allowed

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8
Q

It is the wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional, and public facilities. It is also known as sanitary wastewater.

A

Domestic Wastewater

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9
Q

It is the wastewater where industrial wastes predominate.

A

Industrial Wastewater

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10
Q

Is extraneous water that enters the collection system through leaking joints, cracks, and breaks.

A

Infiltration

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11
Q

Is stormwater that enters the collection system from storm drain connections (catch basins, roof leaders, foundation and basement drain, or through access port (manhole covers).

A

Inflow

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12
Q

It is the runoff from rainfall and snowmelt.

A

Stormwater

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13
Q

Physical Characteristics of Wastewater

A

Odor
Color/appearance
Temperature
Weight

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14
Q

BOD5 is measured in a water sample during ___ days of incubation at ___˚C.

A

5; 20

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15
Q

In general, the COD of a waste will be ____ BOD

A

greater than

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16
Q

It is the measure of the total organic and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater.

A

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen

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17
Q

These are the forms of phosphorus in wastewater. These include orthophosphates, polyphosphates, and organic phosphate.

A

Total Phosphorus

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18
Q

These are streams that are unintentionally contaminated due to unplanned activities such as chemical leaks, spills, or other accidents that involve hazardous materials.

A

Accidentally contaminated

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19
Q

It may still be contaminated as it flows over different surfaces such as rooftops, fields, and roads, contaminating it with pollutants such as oils, sediments, heavy metals, or bacteria.

A

Clean Rainwater

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20
Q

These streams receive wastes from agricultural activities, stormwater, or industrial discharge.

A

Continuously contaminated

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21
Q

This originates from domestic sources such as sinks, toilets, and showers.

A

Sanitary wastewater

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22
Q

Collection system where wastewater flow is composed of domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, and infiltration/inflow.

A

Sanitary Wastewater Collection Systems

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23
Q

Collection system where wastewater flow is composed of domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, and infiltration/inflow, together with stormwater and constituents found in stormwater.

A

Combined Wastewater and Stormwater Collection Systems

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24
Q

Collection system where varying amounts of wastewater may be present in the stormwater, depending on local conditions.

A

Stormwater Collection Systems

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25
Q

Is defined as any type of industrial, municipal, or agricultural waste (including heat) discharged into
water.

A

Pollutant

26
Q

The Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) has grouped the pollutants into three categories

A

Conventional
Nonconventional
Priority/toxic

27
Q

Are a group of water pollutants that municipal sewage treatment facilities are able to treat and remove.

A

Conventional pollutants

28
Q

While publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) and sewage treatment plants are able to remove conventional pollutants from water, most are not able to remove _____.

A

toxic or priority pollutants

29
Q

Other water pollutants that aren’t conventional, toxic or priority are grouped as _____.

A

non-conventional pollutants

30
Q

It is the amount of particulate matter, that is not soluble nor settleable, in a sample of water that can be trapped by a 0.45 µm filter.

A

Total suspended solid

31
Q

This represents the total amount of carbon found in organic compounds in water. It is a sum measure of all organic carbon, both oxidizable and non-oxidizable.

A

Total Organic Carbon

32
Q

This is the part of BOD that is more resistant to biological degradation and takes a longer time to break down.

A

Hard BOD

33
Q

This refers to the easily biodegradable part of BOD, which bacteria can quickly decompose.

A

Soft BOD

34
Q

A process where the wastewater passes through screens or grates to remove large objects like sticks, rags, plastic, and other debris.

A

Screening

35
Q

It is primarily removed to prevent abrasion of piping and mechanical equipment.

A

Grit

36
Q

After screening, the wastewater flows through grit chambers where heavy
materials like sand, gravel, and other small particles settle out.

A

Grit removal

37
Q

The wastewater flows into primary settling tanks where gravity allows
suspended solids (organic and inorganic) to settle to the bottom as sludge, and fats, oils, and grease to rise to the surface as scum.

A

Sedimentation

38
Q

Settling tanks, also referred to as

A

sedimentation tanks / clarifiers

39
Q

Process when scum is removed from the surface of the settling tanks using mechanical skimmers

A

Skimming

40
Q

In this process, wastewater is aerated in aeration tanks, providing oxygen for aerobic microorganisms to metabolize organic pollutants.

A

Activated Sludge Process

41
Q

Are biological treatment units that consist of a bed of inert media (such as rocks or plastic) over which wastewater trickles.

A

Trickling filters

42
Q

In trickling filters, microorganisms grow on the surface of the media and form a _____ (slimy layer), where they consume organic matter in
the wastewater.

A

biofilm

43
Q

This aims at removing remaining suspended solids, fine particles, and residual organic matter from the effluent. The effluent from secondary treatment processes is typically passed through various filtration media, such as sand, anthracite coal, or synthetic materials like membranes.

A

Filtration

44
Q

This is the final step before flow measurement and discharge to the receiving water. Its purpose is to ensure removal of pathogenic organisms – addition of liquid sodium
hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, or chlorine gas; on-site hypochlorite generation; ozonation;
or exposure to ultraviolet light.

A

Disinfection

45
Q

Is a treatment process that reduces the biological activity and pathogenicity of sewage sludge, making it safer for disposal or beneficial reuse.

A

Sludge stabilization

46
Q

Sludge is thickened using gravity or mechanical means to remove water, reducing its volume.

A

Thickening

47
Q

Sludge is treated in anaerobic digesters where bacteria break down organic matter, producing methane gas and further reducing the volume of sludge.

A

Digestion

48
Q

Is the process of removing water from digested sludge to produce a semi-solid material called biosolids.

A

Dewatering

49
Q

Are the treated and stabilized organic solids derived from sewage sludge,
commonly used in agriculture, landscaping, or energy recovery.

A

Biosolids

50
Q

It temporarily stores the untreated wastewater until the treatment plant can process it efficiently.

A

holding tank

51
Q

Holding tanks may be located at the ______, where untreated wastewater enters the treatment plant.

A

influent pumping station

52
Q

Holding tanks may serve as _____ storage in the event of equipment failure or unexpected operational issues.

A

emergency overflow

53
Q

A device with openings, generally of uniform size, that is used to retain
large solids found in the influent wastewater to the treatment plant or in combined wastewater collection systems subject to overflows.

A

Screen

54
Q

Methods to reduce the solids

A

Comminutor
Macerators
Grinders

55
Q

Used to separate solid or liquid particles from a liquid phase. Separation is brought about by introducing fine gas (usually air) bubbles into the liquid phase.

A

Flotation

56
Q

Biological process where microorganisms essential for
wastewater treatments are kept in liquid suspension through appropriate mixing methods. This is particularly useful for treating high organic concentration industrial wastewaters.

A

Suspended Growth

57
Q

Biological process which entail the attachment of microorganisms to inert packing materials, forming a biofilm.

A

Attached growth

58
Q

Aeration method: introducing air or pure oxygen into wastewater with submerged diffusers, agitate the
wastewater mechanically to promote solution of air.

A

Diffused-Air Aeration

59
Q

Oxygen is entrained from the
atmosphere

A

Mechanical Aerators

60
Q

In filtration, the typical BOD is approximately____ mg/L.

A

20 to 50

Industrial Waste Management (3 decks)

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