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Nat 5 Modern Studies > USA > Flashcards

USA Flashcards

US Topic for Nat 5 Modern Studies

1
Q

three parts of the US political system

A
  • legislator (congress)
    -executive (president)
    -judicary (supreme court)
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2
Q

What is the job of the legislator

A

Write laws, scrutinise government, set taxes.

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3
Q

What is the job of the executive

A

Run the country, representthe country abroad, commander in chief of army

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4
Q

What is the job of the judicary

A

make decisions based on the consititution

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5
Q

example of the legilsator

A

The PAWS act

gives wounded veterans puppies for recovery

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6
Q

example of the executive

A

Joe Biden at COP 26

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7
Q

example of the judicary

A

In 2022, ruled that the constitution does not protect a woman’s right to an abortion

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8
Q

Political Rights\ways to participate in the US

A
  • stand as a candidate
    -vote
    -protest
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9
Q

example of standing as a candidate

A

Joe Biden in the 2020 election

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10
Q

example of votes

A

2022 new yorkers for Alexandria Ocasio Cortez

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11
Q

examples of protest

A

BLM and women’s rights

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12
Q

Why are older americans more likely to participate

A

Understand how important democracy is

as they grew up during/after WW2

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13
Q

Why are more educated Americans more likely ro vote

A

Know how to

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14
Q

Why are white Americans more likely to vote

A

Histroically benefitted

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15
Q

Why are younger Americans less likely to vote

A

Feel ignored

politicans don’t care about school shootings

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16
Q

Why are less educated Americans less likley to vote

A

don’t understand how to

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17
Q

Why are Black Americans less likely to vote

A

Histrocially the system has restricted them

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18
Q

Example of Older voters v Younger Americans

A

In 2022, over 80% of the over 60’s voted compared to around 50% of the under 30’s

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19
Q

Examples of more educated American voter compared to less educated Americans

A

In 2022, around 70% of people with degrees voted compared to around 40% with less than a high school level of education

20
Q

Example of White Voters compared to Black voters

A

In 2022, around 70% of white Americans voted compared to around 65% of Black Americans

21
Q

Groups that are underrepresented in politics

A
  • ethnic minorities
    -women
22
Q

Reasons why ethnic minorities are underrepresented

A

-incumbency effect
-racism
-cost of elections

ethnic minorities are more likely to be in poverty

23
Q

Reasons why women are underrepresented

A

-incumbency effect
-sexism
-cost of elections

women are more likely to be in poverty

24
Q

what is the incumbency effect

A

People who are in power find it easier to stay in power

25
Q

example of the incumbency effect

A

75% of congress are male/white

26
Q

example of cost of elections

A

$14 billion on the 2020 election

27
Q

example of racism

A

VP Kamala Harris openly mocked for her Indian/Carribbean heritage during the 2020 election

28
Q

example of sexism

A

never been a female president

29
Q

What does the US economic influence make other countries do with examples

A

-change how they make things
-Scotland exports around £4.5 billion worth of goods to America
-try and attract US businesses
-90,000 jobs in Scotland are in American companies
-try and attract US tourists
-pre _covid half a billion dollars spent by American tourists in Scotland

30
Q

What does the US political influence make other countries do with examples

A

-fight to be the first to meet a new president
-MAy with Trump and Johnson with Biden
-follow sanctions
- Sanctions on Russia after invasion of Ukraine
-restrict trade
-Netherlands restricted advanced manufacturing due to US fears of spying

31
Q

What does the US militaristic influence make other countries do with examples

A

-show off
-Russia, China and NK annual weapons parades
-join alliances
-Finland and Sweden joined NATO after Russia invaded Ukraine
Spend more to compete
-US spends over $700 billion on military more than anyother country

32
Q

Why is the US economically influential with examples

A

Large Business Community
90,000 jobs in Scotland in American Companies

Large and Wealthy Population
£500 million spent by US tourists pre COVID

Largest Economy in the world
Economy worth over $25 trillion

33
Q

Why is the US politically influential with examples

A

Leading Democracy
Netherlands paused advanced manufacturing in china due to fears of spying

Member of Key Alliances
Sanctions on Russia

Strong Political Bonds
Johnson with Biden

34
Q

why is the US militraistic influential with examples

A

spend most on military
$700 billion on Military

powerful military
China, Russia and North Korea annual weapon parades

most powerful member of NATO
Finland and Sweden joined NATO after Russia invaded ukraine

35
Q

why would the US want influence (with examples)

A

Grow Economy
Worth over $25 trillion

World in American Interests
Netherlands paused advanced manufacturing in China due to US fears of spying

Protect it’s allies
Finland and Sweden joined NATO

36
Q

Economic inequalities in the US, with examples

A

-Poverty
17% of Black Americans, 8% of White Americans

-Unemployemnt
6% of Black Americans, 3% of White Americans

37
Q

Social Inequalities in the US, with examples

A

_Healthcare inequalities
-Black Americans die 6 years earlier than white Americans
average life expectancy for BA - 71
average life expectancy for WA - 77

-Educational Inequalities
27% of Black Americans have a degree, 40% of white Americans

38
Q

Why are White AMericans more successful

A

Economically

Better Healthcare
Better Education

Socially

Less likely tin poverty
Less likely unemploted

39
Q

Why are Black Americans less successful

A

Economically

Worse Healthcare
Worse Education

Socially

More likely in poverty
More likely unemployed

40
Q

Responses to economic inequalities

A

SNAP
40 million each year

IRA
170,000 new jobs

41
Q

Response to Social Inequalities

A

Head Start
1 million children each year

Affordable Care Act
14%-8% (uninusred)

42
Q

response to economic inequalities have been effective

A

SNAP children more days in school
22% fewer absences

IRA has created more jobs
170,000 new jobs

43
Q

response to social inequalities have been effective

A

Head Start helps people get through school
39% more likely to finish college

ACA reduced the number of uninsured people
14%-8%

44
Q

response to economic inequalities have been ineffective

A

SNAP doesn’t address cause of poverty
40 million people every year since 2010

TANF doesn’t reach as many people as it used to
68% used to compared to 21% now

45
Q

response to social inequalities have been ineffective

A

Head start didn’t address differences in degrees
27% of Black Americans have a degree compared tp 40% of white Americans

ACA didn’t reduce the difference in life expectancy
White Americans die on average 6 years earlier than Black AMericans

Nat 5 Modern Studies (4 decks)

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