Exam 3 Bio

Question 1

What is the process that creates haploid cells
from diploid cells, often leading to genetic
variation

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

During which phase do chromosomes
duplicate?

Answer 2

S phase

Question 3

During which phase of meiosis does crossing
over occur

Answer 3

Prophase 1

Question 4

During which phase do homologous
chromosomes separate and move towards
opposite poles?

Answer 4

Anaphase 1

Question 5

If a somatic cell has 16 chromosomes, how
many chromosomes will be in a gamete

Answer 5

8

Question 6

This term describes a variant form of
a gene

Answer 6

Allele

Question 7

A person heterozygous for black hair has a baby
with someone with the same phenotype and
genotype. What is the likelihood of an offspring
having black hair?

Answer 7

75%

Question 8

Which genetic phenomenon is displayed
when a dark blue flower and a white flower
produce all light blue offspring

Answer 8

Incomplete Dominance

Question 9

This it the term to describe a trait that
displays distinct categories without
intermediate forms

Answer 9

Discontinues variation

Question 10

Which law states that during meiosis, alleles
of one gene segregate independently from
alleles of other genes?

Answer 10

the Law of Independent Assortment

Question 11

Name the 3 components of DNA

Answer 11

Deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 12

Name the 4 bases found in DNA

Answer 12

Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, and Cytosine

Question 13

During DNA replication, this enzyme
synthesizes new strands of DNA
complementary to a template strand.

Answer 13

DNA polymerase

Question 14

These are the monomers of DNA

Answer 14

Nucleotides

Question 15

This enzyme is responsible for transcribing
DNA into RNA during the process of
transcription.

Answer 15

RNA polymerase

Question 16

In the double strand of DNA, if one strand has
the nucleotide sequence AGGGTAC, what is
the complementary strand

Answer 16

TCCCATG

Question 17

During mRNA processing, this modification involves
adding a string of adenine nucleotides to the 3’ end,
enhancing stability and facilitating export from the
nucleus

Answer 17

the addition of a Poly-A tail

Question 18

This nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not
in DNA

Answer 18

Uracil

Question 18

These non-coding regions of a gene are
removed during mRNA processing

Answer 18

introns

Question 19

If the DNA template strand is T A C T G C G C A ,
what is the complementary mRNA strand

Answer 19

AUGACGCU

Question 20

This codon is known as the start
codon and initiates translation

Answer 20

AUG

Question 21

When this sequence is reached, a
release factors binds ending
translation

Answer 21

Stop codon

Question 22

These three-nucleotide sequences in mRNA
specify particular amino acids during protein
synthesis.

Answer 22

Codons

Question 23

What are the 3 RNA molecules that
participate in translation

Answer 23

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA