Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY > MIDTERMS - BLOOD AND TISSUE FLAGELLATES - TRYPANOSOMATIDAE > Flashcards

MIDTERMS - BLOOD AND TISSUE FLAGELLATES - TRYPANOSOMATIDAE Flashcards

1
Q

how blood and tissue flagellates are being transported?

A

through vectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

blood and tissue flagellates belong to what family?

A

trypanosomatidae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the only pathogenic genera or genus of family trypanosomatidae

A

Trypanosoma and Leishmania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Species of Genus Trypanosoma that are pathogenic

A

Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Species of Genus Leishmania that are pathogenic

A

Leishmania tropica
Leishmania Braziliensis
Leishmania Donovani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Genus of family trypanosomatidae that are not capable of human infection and can only act as a vector parasite

A

Leptomoans
Herpetomonas
Phytomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

shape of family trypanosomatidae

A

fusiform body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Specie of genus trypanosoma that are classified as a brucei complex

A

Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most of the morphologc form will exist in what shape (except for one)

A

fusiform or spindle shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

location of the nucleus of family trypanosomatidae will vary and must be compared with the ___

A

kinetoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

an accessory body found in many
protozoa, primarily the Mastigophora; it contains
DNA and replicates independently

A

Kinetoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

most of the genus of trypanosomatidae uses which locomotor (except for one)

A

single flagellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

kinetoplast is a collective term for what structure of a trypanosomatidae

A

Parabasal body
Blepharoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a collective term or structure which consist of DNA fibril

A

kinetoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

a structure of kinetoplast that is associated with the nucleus

A

parabasal body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a structure of kinetoplast that is the one attached to the axoneme

A

blepharoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

it will serve as a site for the growth of the axoneme

A

blepharoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a structure near the nucleus in
certain parasitic flagellates.

A

parabasal body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A basal body in certain flagellated
protozoans that consists of a minute mass of
chromatin embedded in the cytoplasm at the
base of the flagellum

A

blepharoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

found at inner portion/core where the origin of the flagella is found

A

axoneme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

4 stages of development

A
  1. Amastigote
  2. Promastigote
  3. Epimastogote
  4. Trypomastigote
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which among the 4 forms or stage are routinely recovered in the specimen

A

dasda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

among the 4 stages of development, which stage is the diagnostic form of Leishmania

A

Amastigote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

most of the shape of a trypanosomatidae species are spindle or fusiform except for one which is the

A

specie in Amastigote form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

amastigote is the only different in terms of shape, with that being said, what is the shape of an amastigote?

A

round to ovoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

describe the nucleus of an amastigote form

A

off center and behind the kinetoplast

posteriorly located to kinetoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

if the amastigote is non flagellated, what is the structure arising from the kinetoplast looking like a small flagella?

A

axoneme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

___ arises from kinetoplast and
extend to anterior tip

A

axoneme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

size of amastigote

A

2-3 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

amastigote forms are usually found in

A

intracellularly in monocytes,
endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

amastigote forms has a presence of large __

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

promastigote is the diagnostic form of

A

leptomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

which animal serves as the only vector for trypanosomatidae?

A

insects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

shape of promastigote form

A

spindle or fusiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

diagnostic feature of promastigote

A

no undulating membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

describe the nucleus of a promastigote

A

centrally located

posterior to kinetoplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

size of promastigote form

A

15 – 20 um 1.5 – 3.5 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

where or when we will be able to recover a promastigote form?

A

if we culture a sample

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

where can we only recover an epimastigote sample?

A

only in the body of a vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

the forms we can recover from a human sample

A

amastigote and trypomastigote forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

flagellum movement of a blood and tissue flagellate in a promastigote form

A

wavy or spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

trypomastigote is a diagnostic form of what genera or genus

A

trypanosoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

epimastigote is a diagnostic form of what genera

A

crithidia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

diagnostic feature of epimastigote

A

undulating membrane extending half of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

trypomastigote is a diagnostic form of

A

trypanosoma

46
Q

describe the nucleus in epimastigote form

A

off center and posteriorly located to kinetoplast

47
Q

diagnostic feature of trypomastigote form

A

full body length undulating membrane

48
Q

describe the nucleus found in trypomastigote form

A

located near or at the center and ANTERIORLY to kinetoplast

49
Q

main site of infection of a mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

mucous membrane of the nose and the mouth

50
Q

main site of infection of a visceral leishmaniasis

A

organ

51
Q

Since the morphology of an amastigote form of leishmania is the same with each other, the doctor will only rely on ___ to determine which form of leishmania are in there,

A

clinical ground/ clinical manifestation and the history of the patient

52
Q

The insect vector of leishmania

A

sandfly

53
Q

main site of infection of a cutaneous leishmaniasis is the __

A

skin

54
Q

3 forms of leishmaniasis or the 3 species recognized according to clinical
entities

A

cutaneous
mucocutaneous
viscera

55
Q

the disease associated with leishmania is called

A

leishmaniasis

56
Q

a form of leishmania that can be found in the body of an infected human

A

amastigote

57
Q

what is the primary of mode of infection if leishmania

A

bite of the insect

58
Q

Other name for leishmania tropica

A

aethiopica, major

59
Q

a form of leishmania where we can found in the body of the insect or vector

A

promastigote

60
Q

geographical distribution of leishmania tropica

A

Israel, Jordan, Iran, Portugal, Spain, Southern
France, North Africa, Southern France, North
Africa, Southeast Asia, countries in the
mediteranean, Europe, & Central America

61
Q

what is the original form of a leishmania based on its life cycle

A

promastigote

62
Q

based on the lecture , explain the life cycle of a leishmania

A

Promastigote form will infect the salivary gland of the sandfly –> once bitten, will facilitate the entry of the promastigote inside the body of the human host -> will invade the reticular epithelial cells –> it will transform into a next form called amastigote form. This amastigote can infect tissues, it will multiply and will enter the body of the vector again (sandfly) in a form of amastigote. It will enter the body of the vector once the insect bite the infected host –> once it was able to infect the vector, it will transform again to the original form which is the promastigote and will infect the salivary gland of the sandfly again

63
Q

the specie of leishmaniasis involve cutaneously

A

Leishmania tropica

64
Q

the specie of leishmaniasis involve mucocutaneously

A

Leishmania braziliensis

65
Q

habitat of leishmania tropica

A

Lieshmania tropica is a parasite of skin
of human
- Lymphoid of skin tissue
1) Endothelial cells of capillaries of infected areas
2) Nearby lymph nodes
3) can multiply in mononuclear cells, neutrophilic leukocyte

66
Q

sample we can use for leishmania tropica

A

sample of smear directly from the site of infection, we can’t use blood for this one

67
Q

is leishmania tropica disseminated?

A

nope, it’s only cutaneous

68
Q

3 diseases of leishmania tropica,

A
  • Wet/ Rural cutaneous leishmaniasis
  • Dry / urban cutaneous leishmaniasis
  • Oriental Sore/ Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
69
Q

how many weeks is the incubation period of leishmania tropica

A

2-4 weeks

70
Q

the primary lesion of leishmania tropica will start in

A

reddish papule that looks like a mosquito bite

71
Q

due to intensive scratching, leishmania tropica reddish papule can lead to ___

A

secondary bacterial infection and ulcer containing pus

72
Q

what is the main clinical feature of leishmania tropica

A

ulcer formation containing pus

73
Q

4 diagnosis method of leishmania tropica

A

smear of exudate ulcer edge
culture - NNM
biopsy of ulcer
serology
Dermal test

74
Q

in smearing of sample for leishmania tropica, what are the stains we can use?

A

wright and giemsa stain

75
Q

smearing and staining the sample coming directly from the site of infection, we will be able to identify and demonstrate the presence of lesihmania tropica in what form?

A

amastigote

please remember that amastigote form is the only form we can recover from a human sample when it comes with leishmania

76
Q

cultures we can use for leishmania tropica

A

NNM

Nubine, Nichol, Mc Neil

77
Q

Serology test for leishmania tropica will serve as a ___ for the presence of the specie.

A

confirmatory test

78
Q

the most common serologic test for leishmania tropica nowawdays

A

ELISA

79
Q

an example of dermal test for leishmania tropica

A

montenegro skin/dermal test

80
Q

Is montenegro dermal test a confirmatory test for leishmania tropica?

A

no, this one is only for screening and can’t be used for diagnostic tool

81
Q

drugs or treatment we can use for treating leishmania tropica infection

A

Fuadin
Berberine sulfate 2% solution
Pentosam

82
Q

among the 3 medicine given for treating leishmaniasis, which one is the most effective?

A

Fuadin

83
Q

other name for leishmania brazilliensis

A

panamensis, peruviana, guyanensis

84
Q

synonym name for leishmania braziliensis which related tropica specie

A

leishmania tropica variety americana

85
Q

geographical distribution of leishmania braziliensis

A

central and south america

86
Q

habitat of leishmania braziliensis

A

tissue cell, endothelial cell, monocyte, mucous membrane, nose mouth & pharynx

87
Q

can we use a blood sample for leishmania braziliensis?

A

nope, as it cannot be found in peripheral blood

88
Q

life cycle of leishmania brailiensis

A

same with leishmania tropica

89
Q

insect vector of leishmania braziliensis

A

) Lutzomyia
2) Psychodopygus

90
Q

disease name or diseases associated for leishmania braziliensis

A

Espundia /

American/leishmaniasis Uta /

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis/

New World
Leishmaniasis

91
Q

which pathological symptoms is this

invasion of tissue accepted w/ rapid necrosis –>
deep, eroding, fungating & infiltrating ulcer

A

leishmania braziliensis

92
Q

method of diagnosis for leishmania braziliensis

A

smear from ulcer
serology
culture

93
Q

the serological test we can use for leishmania braziliensis

A

IFA - immunofluorescent assay

94
Q

Culture we can use for leishmania braziliensis

A

NNM
Nubi, nichol, mc neil

95
Q

drugs or treatment for leishmania braziliensis infection

A

fuadin
berberine sulfate

96
Q

which leishmania specie is WORLDWIDE distributed

A

Leishmania donovani

97
Q

geographical distribution of leishmania donovani

A

WORLDWIDE– India, Asia, Southern, Russia,
Northern China, East Africa, all countries
bordering Mediteranean

98
Q

where is the main focus of infection of leishmania donovani

A

visceral organs

99
Q

what is the habitat of leishmania donovani

A

Endothelial cells of visceral organ, Spleen
liver, Intestinal mucosa, Mesenteric glands

100
Q

can leishmania donovani disseminate?

A

yes, can be disseminate because it‘s the organs affected

101
Q

insect vector of leishmania donovani

A
  1. Phlebotomus argentipis
  2. P. chinensis
  3. Lutzomyia
102
Q

among the insect vector of leishmania donovani, which one(s) are for donovani and infantum,

and which one (s) is for chagasi species

A
  1. Phlebotomus argentipis
  2. P. chinensis
    = for donovani and infantum

Lutzomyia
= for chagasi species

103
Q

diseases associated with leishmania donovani

A

kala azar

visceral or death fever

dum dum fever

104
Q

incubation period of leishmania donovani

A

2-4 weeks

105
Q

main clinical feature of leishmania donovani

A

Hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly

106
Q

the early stage of leishmania donovani infection can resemble ___

A

malaria

107
Q

what are the complications that can be noted for leishmania donovani infection

A

diarrhea and anemia

108
Q

one of the disease associated with leishmania donovani that is about the darkening of skin

A

kala azar

109
Q

kala azar is an indian term which means

A

black fever

110
Q

method of diagnosis for leishmania donovani

A

blood and tissue smear
serological test

111
Q

drugs for treating leishmania donovai infection

A
  1. Potassium antimony tartrate
  2. Antimony tartrate
  3. Neostibosan
  4. Hydroxy stilbamidine
  5. Isethionate
112
Q
A

PARASITOLOGY (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions