MSK

Question 1

What are the red flags for lumbar or pelvic pain?

Answer 1

Bladder/ bowel dysfunction
Saddle anaesthesia
Bilateral paraesthesia/ numbness
Bilateral leg pain
Lower limb weakness

Question 2

What are the red flags for thoracic or cervical pain?

Answer 2

Bilateral paraesthesia
Gait disturbance/ lower limb weakness
Clumsiness
5Ds/3Ns:
- dizziness
- diplopia
- drop attacks
- dysphagia
- dysphasia
- nausea
- numbness (facial)
- nystagmus

Question 3

Origin and insertion for longus colli

Answer 3

O - TP C5-T3
I - atlas, front of C2-6

Question 4

Origin and insertion for longus capitis

Answer 4

O - TP C3-6
I - occipital bone

Question 5

Origin and insertion for SCM

Answer 5

O - Manubrium, medial clavicle
I - Mastoid, superior nuchal line

Question 6

Origin and insertion for levator scapulae

Answer 6

O - TP C1-4
I - Medial border scapula

Question 7

Origin and insertion for trapezius

Answer 7

O - Occipital proturbance, nuchal line, superior ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T12
I - Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion process, spine of scap

Question 8

Origin and insertion for erector spinae

Answer 8

O - SP T11-L5
I - Mastoid process, TP

Question 9

Origin and insertion for semispinalis cervicis

Answer 9

O - TP T1-6
I - SP C2-5

Question 10

Origin and insertion for semispinalis capitis

Answer 10

O - articulator process C4-7
I - occipital bone

Question 11

Origin and insertion for scalenes

Answer 11

O - C2-7
I - 1st/2nd ribs

Question 12

Origin and insertion for splenius

Answer 12

O - lower half nuchal ligament, SP C7-T3
I - mastoid process, temporal bone