156, 157. Anatomy of the male reproductive system Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 156, 157. Anatomy of the male reproductive system Deck (18)
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1
Q

What are the 3 types of accessory glands of the male reproductive system and how many of each are present?

A
  1. Bulbourethral gland - 2
  2. Prostate gland - 1
  3. Seminal vesicles - 2
2
Q

List the layers of the scrotum, from skin to inner spermatic fascia

A
Skin
Dartos muscle
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric muscle
Inner spermatic fascia
3
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum derived from?

A

Layers of the abdominal wall

4
Q

What type of muscle is the cremasteric muscle and what is its role?

A

Skeletal muscle
Deep to dermis
Runs in spermatic cord
Contracts to raise the testis in cold weather

5
Q

What type of muscle is the dartos muscle and what is its role?

A

Smooth muscle in the dermis

Contraction causes wrinkling of the scrotal skin

6
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis and what can arise from excess fluid present in it?

A

Is a closed sac of peritoneum which covers the testes
Consists of parietal and visceral layers
Contains thin film of peritoneal fluid

Excess fluid causes hydrocoele

7
Q

Outline the flow of sperm, starting from the seminiferous tubules

A
Seminiferous tubules
Straight tubules
Rete testis (form networks)
Efferent ductules
Epididymis
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Spongy urethra
8
Q

What type of epithelium lines the epididymis and how does this relate to its function?

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia (like long microvilli)

Stereocilia increase the area for absorption from fluid
Can monitor and adjust the fluid composition

9
Q

For the testes, name the:

a) blood supply
b) venous drainage
c) lymphatic drainage

A

a) testicular artery
b) paminiform plexus -> testicular vein -> IVC on right side, left renal vein on left side
c) Para-aortic nodes

10
Q

Name the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum

A

Inguinal nodes

11
Q

What muscle composes the ductus deferens and what type of contraction does it do?

A

Smooth muscle, peristalsis on emission

12
Q

How long is the ductus deferens?

A

45cm long

13
Q

Outline where the ductus deferens runs

A

Runs in spermatic cord, through inguinal canal
Lies on side wall of pelvis
Turns medially to meet base of bladder (also attaches to seminal vesicles at end/ampulla region)

14
Q

Anatomically, what are the seminal vesicles?

A

Outpouchings of the ductus deferens

15
Q

What are the secretions of the seminal vesicles and their roles?

A

Alkaline viscous fluid - neutralise the acidic environment in the female tract

Fructose - Used for spermatic ATP production

Prostaglandins - aid sperm mobility and liability, may also stimulate muscle contraction in the female reproductive tract

16
Q

For the prostate gland, describe its:

a) shape & position
b) secretions & their role

A

a) Pyramidal in shape, shape and size like a chestnut
Surrounds the beginning of the urethra and secretes fluid into it via many prostatic ducts

b) Slightly acidic fluid containing citrate - used for sperm ATP production
Acid phosphatase & proteolytic enzymes - liquefies coagulated semen

17
Q

For the bulbourethral glands, describe:

a) size
b) secretion
c) where it opens

A

a) pea-sized
b) mucus-like secretion (pre-ejaculate)
c) opens into spongy urethra

18
Q

What does the spermatic cord consist of?

A
Genitofemoral nerve (from lumbar plexus)
Deferential artery & testicular artery
Ductus deferens
Paminiform plexus (of testicular vein)