Human Geography Exam Questions Flashcards
Suggest two reasons for the changes in patterns of live births by mothers
Greater education of women
Careers before kids
Greater family planning
Later marriage
Medical improvements for older women giving birth
Define the terms counter urbanisation and re-urbanisation. 4 marks
Counter urbanisation is when people move out of urban areas into rural areas
Re-urbanisation is the movement of people back into urban areas. It’s usually a government incentive to counter gentrification.
Briefly explain two consequences for urban areas of re-urbanisation. 3 marks
Gain of population
Gain of wealth
Improved work force
House price increase
Friction between communities
Define the concept of carrying capacity. 3 marks
The largest population that the resources of a given environment can sustainably support.
Briefly explain two causes of food shortages. 4 marks
Supply problems because of natural disasters
Demand problems because of an increasing population
War or trade issues
Explain why birth rates may vary with the income of the parents. 4 marks
Low income so higher birth rates as children can be economic assesets for work on farms and more. Also lower education rates so don’t use contraception.
Higher income have more money so can afford to have more children and the mother not to work but having multiple children may be in practical as they would have to pay more child care as they prioritise work life.
Explain how both distance and cost can influence internal migration. 5 marks
Distance- generally migration decreases with distance from the source as it takes longer and migrants know less about the area.
Distance- there may be natural barriers like mountain ranges or rivers
Cost- generally relocating has a cost so the cost may not cover the benefits of the move
Cost- may vary with the prices of transport
Distance- unfit or unwell people will not be healthier enough to travel a certain distance
Explain the issues for urban areas resulting from the development of out of town retail parks. 4 marks
Loss of retail trade in the cbd and local shops may shut down due to competition
Local government looses some tax revenue
Increased across town journeys
Traffic congestion
Loss of environment
Suggest why as a country develops its peoples calorie consumption tends to increase. 5 marks.
Higher incomes so people can afford more food
Improvement in farming techniques
More fast food chains
Increased consumption of meat as a status symbol
Improved transport so better food imports
Explain why migration into and out of rural settlements can occur at the same time. 4 marks.
Push and pull approach
Improved transport allows both in and out migration
Houses prices increase so wealthy move in and poor move out
Government policies
Changes in employment
Explain why an arena may experience renewal. 3 marks
Out of date facilities
For special events (olympics)
Increasing population
Following a major disaster
Explain one issue that urban renewal may create in urban settlements. 3 marks
Environmental
Political
Economic
Demographic
Social
