Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy 2 > Neck and Foot > Flashcards

Neck and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis (foot)

A

Origin:
1. superolateral calcaneus

Insertion:
1. base of proximal phalanx of great toe
2. EDL tendons, toes 2-4

Action:
1. Extends toes 2-4

Innervation:
1. deep perineal (fibular) S1, S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Abductor Hallicus (foot)

A

Origin:
1. medial calcaneal tuberosity

Insertion:
1. base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Action:
1. Abducts, flexes 1st MTP

Innervation:
1. medial plantar S2,S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Flexor Digitorum Bervis (foot)

A

Origin:
1. medial calcaneal tuberosity
2. Plantar aponeurosis

Insertion:
1. middle phalanges 2-5 (bifurcate)

Action:
1. flexes PIP joint lateral 4 toes

Innervation:
1. medial plantar S2, S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi (foot)

A

Origin:
1. calcaneal tuberosity

Insertion:
1. base of proximal phalanx of toe #5

Action:
1. abducts 5th toe

Innervation:
1. lateral plantar S2,S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lumbricals of the foot

A

Origin:
1. tendon of flexor digitorum longus (foot)

Insertion:
1. extensor expansion lateral 4 toes (run medially)

Action:
1. flexes MTP
2. extends IP joints of toes 2-5

Innervation:
1. 1st: medial plantar S2,S3
2. 2nd, 3rd, 4th lateral plantar S2,S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Origin:
1. medial calcaneus
2. lateral calcaneal tuberosity

Insertion:
1. lateral side of Flexor digitorum longus tendon in proximal foot

Action:
1. Flexes lateral toes

Innervation:
1. lateral plantar S1-S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Origin:
1. transverse head: plantar MTP ligaments of lateral 3 toes
2. oblique head: bases of 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals

Insertion:
1. base of proximal phalanx 1st toe

Action:
1. Adducts 1st toe

Innervation:
1. lateral plantar S2,S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (foot)

A

Origin:
1. Base of 5th metatarsal

Insertion:
1. base of proximal phalanx 5th toe

Action:
1. Flexes 5th MTP joint

Innervation:
1. lateral plantar S2, S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Flexo Hallucis Brevis

A

Origin:
1. lateral head: cuboid
2. medial head: tendon of tibialis posterior

Insertion:
1. lateral and medial sides of proximal phalanx of great toe

Action:
1. Flexes 1st MTP joint

Innervation:
1. medial plantar nerve S1, S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dorsal/plantar interrossei of the foot

A

Origin:
1. Sides of metatarsals

Insertion
1. extensor expansions

Action:
1. abduct toes 2-4 (dorsal)
2. adduct toes 3-5 (plantar)

Innervation:
1. All = lateral plantar S2-S3
2. 1st and 2nd: also deep perneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin:
1. sternal head: manubrium
2. clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle

Insertion:
1. lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line
2. mastoid process

Action:
1. unilateral: ipsilateral neck lateral flexion and contralateral rotation
2. bilateral: draw head forward

Innervation:
1. accessory CN XI
2. Anterior rami of C2, C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stylohyoid

A

origin:
1. styloid process

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. elevate the hyoid of swallowing

Innervation:
1. cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diagastric

A

Origin:
1. anterior belly - inside of mandible
2. posterior belly: mastoid process

Insertion:
1. hyoid (held on by sling of CT)

Action:
1. elevate the hyoid of swallowing

Innervation:
1. cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Origin:
1. mandible

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. elevate the hyoid of swallowing

Innervation:
1. cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Geniohyoid

A

origin:
1. inner surface of mandible

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. elevate the hyoid of swallowing

Innervation:
1. cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Origin:
1. posterior S-C joint
2. manubrium

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. depress hyoid

Innervation:
1. ventral rami C1-C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Omohyoid

A

Origin:
1. Superior border of scapula
2. medial to supra scapular notch

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. depress hyoid

Innervation:
1. ventraal rami C1-C3

18
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Origin:
1. manubrium

Insertion:
1. thyroid cartilage

Action:
1. depress hyoid

Innervation:
1. ventraal rami C1-C3

19
Q

Thryohyoid

A

Origin:
1. thyroid cartilage

Insertion:
1. hyoid

Action:
1. depress hyoid

Innervation:
1. ventraal rami C1-C3

20
Q

Scalenes

A

Origin:
1. Cervical TP

Insertion:
1. 1 or 2 rib

Action:
1. elevates 1st o 2nd rib (accessory breathing)

Innervation:
1. anterior rami of cervical nerves

21
Q

Prevertebral muscles
- name them
- action
- innervation

A
  • longus capties
  • longus colli
  • rectus capitis anterior
  • rectus capitis lateralis

action:
1. flex the head

Innervation:
1. cervical spinal roots

22
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A
  • stylohyoid
  • digastric
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyoid
23
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A
  • Sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothryoid
  • thyrohyoid
24
Q

Anterior triangle

A

borders:

  • SCM
  • mandible
  • midline

Contents:

  • common carotid
25
Q

Posterior triangle of the neck

A

borders:

  • SCM
  • clavicle
  • trap

Contents:

  • scalenes
  • brachial plexus
26
Q

Congential muscular torticollis

A
  • contraction o fibrosis of SCM
  • etiology rermains unknown; possible ischemia, birth tauma, intrauterine position
  • may have bony changes but mostly just soft tissue
  • right sided torticollis = side bent right and rotated left
27
Q

Congential muscular torticollis

PT intervention

A
  • Neck PROM
  • Neck and trunk AROM
  • development of symmetrical movement
  • environmental adaptations
  • parent/caregive education
  • may need to put toys so that babay looks other way/football stretch
28
Q

Congential muscular torrticollis

DC pt when these 5 things are met

A
  • PROM within 5ºof the non-affected side
  • symmetrical active movement patterns
  • age appopiate motor development
  • no visable head tilt
  • the parents/caregivers understand what to monitor as the child grows

need to reassess child 3-12 months after DC of PT

29
Q

Plantar nerves of the foot

A

medial cutaneous:

  • cutaneous to medial plantar heel

Medial plantar:

  • cutaneous: medial plantar 3 medial toes and 1/2 of 4th toe
  • motor: 1st lumbrical, FHB, Abductor hallucis, FDB

Lateral plantar

  • cutaneous: lateral plantar surface lateral 1/2 of 4th toe and little tow
  • motor: abducot digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, 2-4 lumbricals, adducto hallucis, FDMB, dorsal and planatar interossei
30
Q

Dorsal nerves of the foot

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

  • cutaneous to dosum of foot

Deep peroneal:

  • cutaneous between 1st and 2 digit
  • motor: Extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitoum brevis

Saphenous nerve

  • cutaneous to medial foot and leg
31
Q

Nerve entrapment:

Morton’s neuroma

A
  • most common location between 3d and 4th MT heads
  • compression/entrapment of a nerve
32
Q

Mortons neuroma

causes

A
  • micrrotrauma to intermetatarsal plantar digital nerves
  • compression between deep transverse MT ligament and plantar soft tissue stuctuers
  • women more common - shoe wear
33
Q

morton’s neuroma

treatment

A
  • coticosteriod injections and manipulation/mobilization have strong evidence
  • neurolysis
  • neuroectomy
34
Q

blood supply to

the foot

A
  • posterior tibial artery: lateral plantar and medial plantara
  • anterior tibial artery: dorsalis pedis ends in 1st intermetatarsal space and becomes deep plantar
35
Q

turf toe

A
  • sprain of ligaments and capsule of 1st MTP joint
  • prognosis: good depends on degree of sprain (3days-6weeks recovery/rest)
36
Q

turf toe

what other possible injuries

A
  • collateral ligament sprain/tear
  • tendon sprain/tearr
  • osteochondral injury
  • dipartite sesmoid diastasis
  • sesamoid and metatarsal factures
  • capsular instability
37
Q

Presentation of turf toe

A
  • antalgic gait
  • increased supination
  • antalgic gait to pain at first toe with push off
  • hypermobility ot MTP
  • inability to ambulate distances of 1 mile seconday to pain
38
Q

differential diagnosis of

turf toe

A
  • dislocation of the MTP
  • halluc valgus
  • sesamoiditis
  • halluc rigidus
  • gout
  • osteochondrodtic lesion of the first MT head
  • osteochondritis dissecans
  • metatarsalgia
  • metatarsal stress fracture
39
Q

interventions

turf toe

A
  • rest
  • taping to stabilize and limiti extension
  • cast shoe
  • orthotics with firm extension to the toe to limit toe ROM until pain has resolved
  • donut pad to offload pressure on the sesamoid
  • address, swelling, pain, mobility strength
40
Q

Plantar fascitis

interventions

A

Strongly recommended:

  • manual therapy
  • stretching
  • taping
  • night splints

Moderate:

  • low level laser in comibination with otherrs
  • lifestyle modifcations for weight loss
  • ther ex and neuromuscular re-education
  • dry needling

Human Anatomy 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions