Respiration and metabolism

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

A chemical reaction which occurs in all living cells, releasing energy from glucose.

Question 2

What are 3 examples of how organisms use the energy transferred by respiration?

Answer 2

1. To build up larger molecules from smaller ones.
2. For muscle contraction.
3. So mammals and birds can keep a stable body temperature.

Question 3

What is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 3

Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 4

What is the balanced symbol equation for respiration?

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 5

What is metabolism?

Answer 5

The sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell or the body.

Question 6

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

Respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen.

Question 7

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 7

Respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen.

Question 8

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

Answer 8

Glucose -> Lactic acid

Question 9

Why doesn’t anaerobic respiration transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Because the glucose isn’t fully oxidised.

Question 10

When might anaerobic respiration be used?

Answer 10

During periods of intense exercise.

Question 11

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

Answer 11

Fermentation.

Question 12

What is the word equation for fermentation?

Answer 12

Glucose -> Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 13

What is fermentation used for in the food and drinks industry?

Answer 13

Making bread and alcoholic drinks.

Question 14

What are some examples of metabolic reactions?

Answer 14

1. Small glucose molecules joining together to form starch, glycogen or cellulose.
2. Lipid molecules made from 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acids.