EMS 203 FISDAP Final

Question 1

Which of the following conditions can cause deep, rapid breathing and an end-tidal CO2 of less than 35mmHg?
A) Insulin shock
B) Aspirin overdose
C) Opioid overdose
D) Pulmonary edema

Answer 1

B) Aspirin overdose

Question 2

Which of the following cardiac rhythms is associated with bradycardia, and is characterized by regular RR intervals and a greater ratio of P waves to QRS complexes?
A) First-degree AV block
B) Third-degree AV block
C) Second-degree AV block type I
D) Second-degree AV block type II

Answer 2

B) Third-degree AV block

Question 3

Which of the following could occur as a result of a right coronary artery occlusion?
A) Tachycardia
B) AV heart block
C) Hypertension
D) Aortic rupture

Answer 3

B) AV heart block

Question 4

A 3-year-old girl with respiratory distress is listless and pale and has a pulse rate of 60 beats/min. What should you do?
A) Ventilate her with a bag-mask device
B) Immediately begin chest compressions
C) Start an IV and give 0.02mg/kg of atropine
D) Start an IV and give 0.1mg/kg

Answer 4

A) Ventilate her with a bag-mask device

Question 5

A 30-year-old male is in cardiac arrest after he overdosed on heroin. What should you do after initiating CPR?
A) Establish vascular access and give 2mg of naloxone
B) Perform intubation and ventilate at 20 breaths/mins
C) Establish vascular access and give 1mg of epinephrine
D) Assess his cardiac rhythm and establish vascular access

Answer 5

D) Assess his cardiac rhythm and establish vascular access

Question 6

Which of the following assessment findings is LEAST indicative of spinal cord injury?
A) Priapism
B) Posturing
C) Paresthesia
D) Paralysis

Answer 6

B) Posturing

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding physiologic dead space is correct?
A) Diffuse alveolar collapse increases the size of the physiologic dead space
B) Physiologic dead space is normally found in the trachea and large bronchi
C) COPD patients typically have a marked decrease in physiologic dead space
D) Unlike anatomic dead space, the size of the physiologic dead space does not change

Answer 7

A) Diffuse alveolar collapse increases the size of the physiologic dead space

Question 8

According to the Sort, Assess, Life-saving Interventions, and Treatment and/or Transport (SALT) triage system, how should patients who are unable to walk initially be managed?
A) Conduct a rapid head-to-toe assessment of each patient and initiate treatment
B) Observe them for purposeful movement or the ability to follow verbal commands
C) Assign them as decreased and come back to them after triaging the other patients
D) Quickly move them to a separate area and triage the more critically injured patients

Answer 8

B) Observe them for purposeful movement or the ability to follow verbal commands

Question 9

Which of the following factors or conditions would likely impair hemostasis and increase the risk of complications from blunt trauma?
A) Liver disease
B) Pancreatitis
C) Polycythemia
D) Beta blocker use

Answer 9

A) Liver disease

Question 10

Treatment for cutaneous exposure to hydrofluoric acid includes which of the following?
A) Antacid preparations, such as Mylanta or Maalox
B) 20ml of 10% solution of calcium gluconate IV
C) Baking powder covered with a dry, sterile dressing
D) 1-2g of magnesium sulfate via slow IV push

Answer 10

A) Antacid preparations, such as Mylanta or Maalox

Question 11

Which of the following patients could you legally treat and transport without their consent?
A) 20-year-old male who is now alert after receiving IV dextrose
B) 16-year-old married female who is awake and alert after falling
C) 17-year-old conscious male who has a closed fractured femur
D) 54-year-old male with obvious ST elevation of the 12-lead EKG

Answer 11

C) 17-year-old conscious male who has a closed fractured femur

Question 12

A 68-year-old woman presents with shortness of breath that started 2 days ago. Her BP is 78/54mmHg, HR is 124bpm and weak, respirations are 26 breaths/min and labored, and oxygen saturation is 78%. The cardiac monitor reveals sinus tachycardia with occasional PVCs and auscultation of her lungs reveals diffuse coarse crackles. Which of the following is indicated for her?
A) Dopamine
B) Amiodarone
C) Nitroglycerin
D) 20mL/kg fluid bolus

Answer 12

A) Dopamine

Question 13

You and your partner are triaging four patients at the scene of a motor vehicle crash while awaiting the arrival of additional ambulances. Which of the following patients should be triaged as delayed?
A) Anterior neck pain; stridorous breathing; history of type 2 diabetes
B) Tibial fracture; hematoma to the forehead; conscious but confused
C) Bilaterally deformed femurs; severe neck pain; conscious and alert
D) Abdominal distention; pallor, responds appropriately to questions

Answer 13

C) Bilaterally deformed femurs; severe neck pain; conscious and alert

Question 14

Which of the following injuries would likely result from a motorcycle striking a fixed object?
A) Chest and abdominal trauma
B) Tibia, fibula, and pelvic fractures
C) Femur fractures and head injury
D) Thoracic spine and femur fractures

Answer 14

C) Femur fractures and head injury

Question 15

A 60-year-old male with chronic alcoholism presents with an acute onset of hematemesis. His BP is 80/40mmHg, pulse is 130 beats/min and weak, and respirations are 28 breaths/min and shallow. What should you suspect?
A) Erosion of the large esophageal blood vessels caused by the toxic effects of alcohol
B) Abnormally enlarged esophageal veins secondary to impaired blood flow to the liver
C) Severe bleeding from gastric ulcers that formed due to the excessive intake of alcohol
D) Acute rupture of an esophageal artery secondary to repeated episodes of vomiting

Answer 15

B) Abnormally enlarged esophageal veins secondary to impaired blood flow to the liver

Question 16

Following a viral illness, an 8-year-old child presents acutely with pallor, palpitations, chest pain not influenced by breathing or position, and shortness of breath. He has no known medical history. What should you suspect?
A) Pericarditis
B) Myocarditis
C) Dilated cardiomyopathy
D) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 16

B) Myocarditis

Question 17

A man had a syncopal episode after several hours of vigorous exercise in the heat. He is responsive to pain only, and his skin is flushed, hot, and moist. What should you do?
A) Establish IV access at once
B) Take his temperature orally
C) Begin rapid cooling measures
D) Assess his blood glucose level

Answer 17

D) Assess his blood glucose level

Question 18

A 39-year-old female presents with acute lightheadedness and palpitations. The EKG reveals a regular tachycardia rhythm at 190/min with QRS complexes that measure 80ms in duration. Despite vagal maneuvers and adenosine, her cardiac rhythm remains unchanged. She is conscious and alert, has a BP of 118/72mmHg, and denies shortness of breath or chest pain. What should you do?
A) Transport only and monitor her en route
B) Give 150mg amiodarone over 10 minutes
C) Consider that the rhythm is ventricular in origin
D) Perform synchronized cardioversion with 50 joules

Answer 18

A) Transport only and monitor her en route

Question 19

Which of the following are consistent with a deep partial-thickness burn?
A) Pain, erythema, and destruction of the superficial epidermal layer
B) Edema, blister formation, and decreased sensation around the burn
C) Charred or leathery skin, absence of pain, and destruction of the dermis
D) Blister formation, intense pain, and injury that extends through the dermis

Answer 19

B) Edema, blister formation, and decreased sensation around the burn

Question 20

You have intubated a 33-year-old woman in cardiac arrest secondary to trauma. While auscultating her lungs, you note that breath sounds are absent over the right hemithorax. What should you suspect?
A) Left mainstem bronchus intubation
B) Intubation of the hypopharyngeal area
C) Blood or air in the right hemithorax
D) Inadvertent intubation of the esophagus

Answer 20

C) Blood or air in the right hemithorax

Question 21

A 60-year-old patient has a BP of 240/120mmHg. Which of the following additional assessment findings is clinically significant?
A) Tinnitus
B) Epistaxis
C) Slurred speech
D) Bounding pulse

Answer 21

C) Slurred speech

Question 22

A 39-year-old woman is confused, is experiencing hallucinations, and is repetitively smacking her lips. What should you suspect?
A) Complex partial seizure
B) Simple partial seizure
C) Focal motor seizure
D) Generalized seizure

Answer 22

A) Complex partial seizure

Question 23

Which of the following parameters yields the lowest cerebral perfusion pressure?
A) BP, 96/50mmHg, intracranial pressure, 5mmHg
B) BP, 100/54mmHg; intracranial pressure, 10mmHg
C) BP, 105/60mmHg; intracranial pressure, 20mmHg
D) BP, 130/90mmHg; intracranial pressure, 25mmHg

Answer 23

C) BP, 105/60mmHg; intracranial pressure, 20mmHg

Question 24

A patient struck the steering wheel when his vehicle crashed into a tree. Assessment reveals respiratory distress, diminished breath sounds to the left lower hemithorax, a scaphoid abdomen, and jugular venous distention. What should you suspect?
A) Massive hemothorax
B) Ruptured diaphragm
C) Pericardial tamponade
D) Tension pneumothorax

Answer 24

B) Ruptured diaphragm

Question 25

How should you ventilate an adult patient with a stoma and no tracheostomy tube?
A) Hyperextend the patient’s head and ventilate with a pocket face mask
B) Use a child-size bag-mask device and seal the patient’s mouth and nose
C) Insert a supraglottic airway device and ventilate at a faster-than-normal rate
D) Use an infant–or child size mask attached to an adult-size bag-mask device

Answer 25

D) Use an infant–or child size mask attached to an adult-size bag-mask device

Question 26

A 40-year-old patient has a blood glucose level of 800mg/dL and is breathing deeply at a rate of 34 breaths/min. Which of the following should the paramedic expect to observe?
A) Small capnography waveforms, low-end tidal CO2 reading
B) Large capnographic waveform; low end-tidal CO2 reading
C) Small capnographic waveforms; high end-tidal CO2 reading
D) Large capnographic waveforms; high end-tidal CO2 reading

Answer 26

A) Small capnography waveforms, low-end tidal CO2 reading

Question 27

Compared to adults, children can maintain their blood pressure longer following an injury because they have:
A) larger absolute blood volume
B) smaller absolute blood volume
C) proportionally larger blood volume
D) proportionally smaller blood volume

Answer 27

C) proportionally larger blood volume

Question 28

An 8-year-old child who recently had myocarditis presents with a decreased level of consciousness, weak peripheral pulses, and skin mottling. Which of the following assessment findings would support a diagnosis of cardiogenic shock?
A) Tachycardia
B) Splenomegaly
C) Poor skin turgor
D) Difficulty breathing

Answer 28

D) Difficulty breathing

Question 29

You would likely encounter bradypnea in a patient who:
A) ingested salicylates
B) is acutely hypoxemic
C) has metabolic alkalosis
D) took 5mg of diazepam

Answer 29

C) has metabolic alkalosis

Question 30

When does the second stage of labor begin?
A) When the cervix is fully dilated
B) When the cervix is full effaced
C) When the amniotic sac ruptures
D) When the entire baby is delivered

Answer 30

A) When the cervix is fully dilated