Cardiovascular system Diseases and Conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery

A

angioplasty
ĂN-jē-ō-plăs-tē
angi/o: vessel (usually blood or lymph)
-plasty: surgical repair

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2
Q

Art gets carried away with oxygenated blood!

Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

A

arteries

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3
Q

Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules

A

capillaries

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4
Q

Pertaining to presence of a disorder at the time of birth, which may result from genetic or environmental causes

A

congenital

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5
Q

Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism

A

metabolism

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6
Q

Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

A

veins

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7
Q

Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia

A

arrythmia

ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not
rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally

A

Fibrillation

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9
Q

Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

scler-hardeing
osis-abnomal condition

Healthy arteries are flexible and elastic. But over time, the walls in t

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10
Q

Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage

A

atherosclerosis

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11
Q

Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow

auscultation-listening to the body with a stethescope
think of italian w

A

bruit

brwe

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12
Q

Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel

A

embolus

us-condition

embol- plug

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13
Q

Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle

A

heart block

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14
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) block in which atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the

A

first-degree

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15
Q

AV block in which only some atrial electrical impulses are conducted to the ventricles

A

second-degree

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16
Q

AV block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles; also called complete heart block (CHB)

A

third-degree
complete heart block
CHC

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17
Q

Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance

A

Heart Failure
HF

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18
Q

Consistently elevated blood pressure, causing damage to the blood vessels and, ultimately, the heart

A

Hypertension
HTN
tension-stress

hyper-excessive, above normal

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19
Q

Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow

A

ischemia

emia-blood

isch-to hold back

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20
Q

Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction

A

mitrovalve prolapse
MVP

21
Q

Abnormal sound heard on auscultation caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart

A

murmur

22
Q

Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack

A

myocardial infarction (MI)

my/o: muscle
cardi: heart
-al: pertaining to

23
Q

Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

A

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

24
Q

severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon

A

reynaud disease

25
Q

Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults

often found in third world countries where nutrition is not great and ex

A

rheumatic heart disease

26
Q

A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot

A

Thrombus

thromb: blood clot
-us: condition; structure

27
Q

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis
DVT

28
Q

Art and Terry like to carry large oxygenated carts away from their heart

A

Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

29
Q

My favorite spaghetti is capillaries, I serve it with atrioles and venules, and I don’t gain weight because they are microscopic

A

Capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules

30
Q

Angi O’Plasty my irish neighbor likes to blow up balloons, she says it really gets her blood flowing

A

Angioplasty
Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery

31
Q

You’re so vein, I bet you think this card is about you, don’t you, don’t you, don’t you have any oxygen? You’re just a vessel, carrying empty blood to the heart!

A

veins
Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

32
Q

“And you’re not coming in and and you’re not coming in” said the bouncer at Club Artery when it was packed full. “If you let one more person in, the club will rupture and I’ll have an aneurysym”, said the owner!

A

Aneurysm

Abnormal widening (ballooning) of a portion of an artery as a result of weakness in its wall, or it may be present at birth (congenital)—the larger the aneurysm becomes, the greater is the risk of rupture

33
Q

My Aunt Gina is always complaining that she doesn’t have enough blood going to her chest, she says she’s in pain but I think its just an elaborate ischemia!

A

angina pectoris

Mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia; also called angina

34
Q

the dancer was always a beat behind the rest, she suffered from arrhythmia

A

arrhythmia

Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia

ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not
rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition

35
Q

please don’t FIB-rillate I can tell your myocardium is contracting abnormally!

A

Fibrillation
Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation

36
Q

Ain’t nothing but a heatblock
tell me why,
ain’t nothing but a heartblock
tell me why,
I never want to hear you say, my electrical system is not working today!

A

Heart block
Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle

37
Q

Art class with Mrs. Sclero was abnormally hard, usually she is a flexible grader but overtime she has hardened and lost flexibility!

A

arteriosclerosis

Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries

scler: hardening, sclera (white of eye)

arteri/o: artery

38
Q

Ather Sclero said his wife Mrs. Sclero has gotton hard because she has gotten fatty, but he thinks she looks beautiful! She might block everyone from coming into her class now!

A

Atheriosclerosis
Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage!

39
Q

Prof. Em Bolus was cleaning out her lab, she lined the hallway with boxes of fatty plaque, blood clots and air bubbles. No one could fit down the hallway, they became trapped! Her boss told her to MOVE everything out of the way!

A

Embolus
Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel

-us: condition; structure

embol: (plug)

40
Q

A letter to a broken heart
Dear heart, you are fired! You are a failure! You no longer pump enough blood. Because of you my legs are swollen, I can hardly breathe and I can even exercise!

A

heart failure (HF)
Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance

41
Q

the landlord was blocking the heat and the tenants were freezing, they knew it was a scheme of hers to save money!

A

Ischemia
Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow

42
Q

Bicuspid, you’re supposed to be the MVP and a pro how could you have a memory lapse and forget to close the valve, now the left atrium is flooded!!!

A

mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction

43
Q

I’m dead! My ocardial is infarcted because something blocked my coronary artery! I’m gonna have a heart attack!

A

Myocardial infarction (MI)
Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack

my/o: muscle
cardi: heart
-al: pertaining to

44
Q

Are you open to some PDA? I’m not but the opening from my pulmonary artery to my atery is open. How did that happen? I was born this way!

A

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

45
Q

Mr. Ray Naud is blue, he forgot his gloves and it’s cold outside! He is such a spas!

A

Raynaud disease
rā-NŌ
Severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon

46
Q

The young girl was very ill, she had bacteria in her heart valve and heart muscles. She had no room at her heart for this!

A

Rheumatic heart disease
Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults

47
Q

the throm/bus isn’t coming, it broke down on the road and now it is stuck and blocking traffic for miles. It can’t move!

A

thrombus
A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot

thromb: blood clot
-us: condition; structure

48
Q

Where did the DVT throm/bus get stuck? It is stuck in the lower eastside! That’s deep down into the city! It’s very dangerous there!

A

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs

thromb: blood clot
-osis: -abnormal condition; increased

49
Q

Ms. Vari Cose was so vein, she didn’t like to wear shorts. She covered her legs so her no one would see her incompetent veins that pools blood in them!

A

In varicose veins, also known as varicosities, dilation of veins from long periods of pressure prevents complete closure of the valves. Unhealthy or damaged (incompetent) valves do not close completely.