The Church

Question 1

After Henry VII’s accession, what happened?

Answer 1

He was anointed with holy oil, crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and imbued with divine authority

Question 2

What did Henry VII look to and what did he do?

Answer 2

His bishops for advice and assistance in administering the realm

Appointed the archbishop as his Lord Chancellor

Question 3

What did Henry VII expect?

Answer 3

The pope to support him against rebels and impostors

Question 4

What happened to anyone who fought against Henry VII at Stoke and Blackheath?

Answer 4

Threatened with excommunication

Question 5

What was denied during Henry VII’s reign?

Answer 5

The use of sanctuary to traitors and rebels

Question 6

Until 1529 what did Henry VIII use?

Answer 6

His clerics as his administrators, advisers, and diplomats

Question 7

Who were key royal servants during Henry VIII’s reign?

Answer 7

Bishops Warham, Fox, and Turnstall

Question 8

When Wolsey was (blank) between 1515 and 1529 what did the Church enjoy?

Answer 8

Lord Chancellor

A high profile in central administration

Question 9

What did Wolsey make use of and who were his clients and what did they do?

Answer 9

The courts of Chancery, Star Chamber, and Requests

Many were in holy orders

Sat on royal commissions and helped to maintain order

Question 10

What did Henry VIII’s break from Rome not do?

Answer 10

Weaken Church-Crown relations

Question 11

How was the relationship between the Church and Crown strengthened during Henry VIII’s reign?

Answer 11

Bishops continued to be appointed by the Crown

After 1533 they owed their office and loyalty solely to the Crown

Question 12

What did Henry VIII continue to do and give examples:

Answer 12

Use bishops as administrators and advisers

Bishop of Durham became the new President of the Council of the North

Question 13

Who displayed bishops as Henry VIII’s Secretary of State, Lord Chancellor, and Lord Privy Seal?

Answer 13

Laymen trained in civil law

Question 14

Who was Lord Chancellor under Mary?

Answer 14

Cardinal Pole

Question 15

What happened to political offices in Edward’s and Elizabeth’s reigns?

Answer 15

Held by non-clergymen

The clergy’s role as law enforcers was over

Question 16

What remained strong and how was this illustrated?

Answer 16

The alliance between the Church and the Crown

The Church’s public avowal of the doctrine of obedience and non-resistance

Question 17

What happened in the 1530s?

Answer 17

Priests received detailed injunctions as to the content of their sermons and were instructed to preach at least four times a year

Question 18

What was the position of Steven Gardiner?

Answer 18

Had serious misgivings about the royal divorce and the efficacy of separating from Rome

Acknowledged that the king-in-parliament had no superior

Question 19

What did the accession of Edward do and what did it prompt Cranmer to do?

Answer 19

Raise doubts about the privy council’s legitimacy to rule on his behalf

To write a series of homilies by which the clergy would educate their congregations

Question 20

What did the Homily on Obedience do?

Answer 20

Reminded people that in obeying the king, they were actually obeying God

Question 21

What did Bishop Latimer in his Sermons say in 1548?

Answer 21

‘I may not rise against the magistrates, nor make any uproar; for if I do, I sin damnably’

Question 22

What was the impact of Homilies and the Sermons?

Answer 22

Couldn’t prevent the outbreak of widespread revolts

Question 23

What was Cranmer’s reaction and what was the purpose?

Answer 23

To circulate copies of his sermons to be read out in parish churches throughout the kingdom

‘to preserve the people in their obedience and to set out the evil and mischief of the present disturbances’

Question 24

What did Cranmer remind people of?

Answer 24

That they had a duty to be ‘a patient in adversity’ and to be ‘long-suffering’

Question 25

What happened in the 1590s?

Answer 25

Sermons spoke of the efforts that the government was making to combat socioeconomic problems

Reminded wealthy subjects of their Christian duty to help the poor

Instructed everyone to endure the famine with patience

Question 26

What did sermons help to do?

Answer 26

Shape public opinion and ensure the townspeople and peasantry were kept informed of government policies

Question 27

What did the oppressive rule of Mary lead to?

Answer 27

A minority of writers developing theories of disobedience towards the monarch on the grounds that rulers had an obligation to be just and true to the Church

Question 28

When could a rebellion be justified?

Answer 28

If led by a magistrate

Question 29

What did the ideas that developed during Mary’s reign become and why?

Answer 29

Irrelevant to most Englishmen

COE held firm to the doctrine of non-resistance

Question 30

What did Archbishop Parker say in the Homily against Disobedience and Wilful Rebellion, published after (blank)?

Answer 30

‘The first author of rebellion was Luther’

The Northern Earls’ revolt

Question 31

What did the Church play a vital role in?

Answer 31

Local politics

Question 32

What did the parish come to be?

Answer 32

The focal point for administering poor relief and tackling social problems

Question 33

What were Clerics encouraged to do?

Answer 33

Inform their bishops of any signs of trouble and relevant matters were forwarded to the Privy Council

Question 34

What were parish clergy expected to do?

Answer 34

Instruct the people on their moral and legal obligations

Question 35

What were children in learning the catechism instructed to do?

Answer 35

‘to honour and obey the king, and all that are put in authority under him’

Question 36

What undermined respect for the Church?

Answer 36

A decline in its political status

Question 37

What happened after 1540?

Answer 37

The clergy no longer had a majority in the House of Lords

Question 38

What did Elizabeth expect her bishops to do?

Answer 38

Reside in their dioceses and not engage in high politics

Question 39

What was the relationship between Elizabeth and her bishops like?

Answer 39

She gave them her support

They supported her in keeping the country stable and peaceful