Miscellaneous

Question 1

ECT (electroconvulsive shock therapy) causes which types of memory problem?

Answer 1

Patchy anterograde amnesia for three to six months, and retrograde amnesia for several months prior to ECT. However, the memory of past events eventually return.

Question 2

According to Sue, Ivey, and Pederson, what are the 3 multicultural counseling competencies?

Answer 2

1) Awareness of one’s own values, beliefs and stereotypes regarding human behavior.
2) Knowledge about the worldview of minority and culturally-different clients.
3) Possession of culturally-appropriate counseling skills.

Question 3

As described by William Cross, what are the four stages of the Nigrescence Identity Development Model?

Answer 3

1) Pre-encounter
2) Encounter
3) Immersion - emersion
4) Internalization

Question 4

In Cross’ Nigrescence Identity Development Model, what is the encounter stage?

Answer 4

Adoption of a Eurocentric frame of reference.

Question 5

In Cross’ Nigrescence Identity Development Model, what is the immersion - emersion stage?

Answer 5

When the individual is increasingly aware of racisim, is interested (immersed) in his/her own African-American identity and culture, and may exhibit anti-white attitudes.

Question 6

In Cross’ Nigrescence Identity Development Model, what is a characteristic of the internalization stage?

Answer 6

A pluralistic perspective.

Question 7

Collaborative empiricism

Answer 7

From Beck - the collaborative relationship between client and therapist in which they work together to gather data and test the logic of the client’s thoughts and beliefs.

Question 8

What are the “four forces” in psychology?

Answer 8

Behavioral
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Multicultural