infections of the upper GI tract Flashcards
what type of infections are more prevelant in soft tissue rich areas
anerobic
examples of normal oropharyngeal bacteria (6)
- streprococci viridans
- strep milleri (!)
- strep pyogenes (group A strep)
- diphtheroids
- staph aureus
- moraxella
what bacteria is implicated in appendicitis, GI abcessess and quinsey
streptococcus milleri
what are aphthous ulcers (stomatitis)
a common ulcerative condition of the oral mucosa, presents as a painful punched-out sore on oral or genital mucous membranes
what organisms can cause oral aphthous ulcers + mgx (2)
- HSV1 (immunocomprimised pts) -> aciclovir
- candida (HIV, immunocomprimised, diabects, oral steroid users) ->oral hygeine, Nystatin (prevention), fluconazole
what type of disease are dental caries
chronic infectious disease
what bacteria is particularly involved in dental carie formation and how
S.mutans -> colonised oral cavity anf produces glycosyl transferase which promotes attachment to tooth pellicle -> converts sugar from food into lactic acid -> demineralisation of tooth enamel in plaques
what is gingivitis
pockets of infection affecting the gums
what non-oral condition can S.mutans result in
infective endocarditis
what is ludwig’s angina
suppurative infection of hypoglossal tissue -> life threatening cellulitis of the soft tissue involving the floor of the mouth and neck
why might ludwig’s angina be life threatening
airway threatened -> oedema and exudate push tongue up and backwards
ludwig’s angina presentation (5)
rapid onset
1. pain
2. fever
3. dysphagia
4. stridor
5. bull-neck (bilateral neck swelling)
ludwig’s angina mgx (3)
- broad spectrum abx
- corticosteroids
- surgical drainage
what is vincent’s angina
unilateral tonsillitis due to a mixed infection by spirochetes and fusobacteria that manifests as a one-sided sore throat and difficulty swallowing
what 2 bacteria cause vincent’s angina
- borrelia vincenti (spirochaetes)
- fusiformis (anaerobic bacteria)
usually due to poor dental hygeine