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Studying > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Periodic Table Families

A

•Alkali Metals
•Alkaline Earth Metals
•Transition Metals
•Boron Group
•Carbon Group
•Nitrogen Group
•Halogens
•Noble Gases
•Rare Earth Metals

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2
Q

All Models for Atom

A

•4 Elements (Aristotle)
•Indivisible Atomos (Democritus)
•Billiard Ball (Dalton)
•Plum Pudding (Thomson)
•Nuclear (Rutherford)
•Planetary (Bohr)
•Quantum Mechanical (Shrodïnger)

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3
Q

Liquid to Gas

A

Boiling

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4
Q

Gas to Liquid

A

Condensation

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5
Q

Liquid to Solid

A

Freezing

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6
Q

Solid to Liquid

A

Melting

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7
Q

Solid to Gas

A

Sublimation

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8
Q

Gas to Solid

A

Deposition

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9
Q

Gas to Plasma

A

Ionization

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10
Q

Plasma to Gas

A

Recombination

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11
Q

Physical Classification of Matter

A

•Solid
•Liquid
•Gas
•Plasma

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12
Q

Chemical Classification of Matter

A

•Pure Substance
•Mixture

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13
Q

Pure Substance Classification

A

Element
•Metal
•Non-Metal
•Metalloid
Compound
•Organic
•Inorganic

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14
Q

Mixture Classification

A

Homogeneous
•Solution
•Alloy
•Colloid
Heterogeneous
•Colloid
•Suspension

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15
Q

Particle Theory

A

•All matter is made up of tiny particles
•Particles attract one another
•Particles are in constant, random motion
•Different substance are made of different particles
•All particles have space between them
•Particles move faster with heat

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16
Q

Solid Particle Movement

A

Vibrational

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17
Q

Liquid Particle Movement

A

•Vibrational
•Rotational

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18
Q

Gas Particle Movement

A

•Vibrational
•Rotational
•Translational

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19
Q

Where are electrons found?

A

Orbiting nucleus

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20
Q

Where are protons found?

A

Nucleus

21
Q

Where are neutrons found?

A

Nucleus

22
Q

Compare elements and compounds

A

•Element is made of one type of atom
•Compound is made of multiple compounds
•Both are pure substances

23
Q

Mass of proton

A

1 amu

24
Q

Mass of electron

A

1 amu

25
Q

Mass of neutron

A

1/2000 amu

26
Q

Identity of an element

A

Atomic Number or Number of protons

27
Q

What substances glow when heated?

A

Gas

28
Q

What is a clue about the physical identity of a substance?

A

Density

29
Q

What is ionic compound made of?

A

Metal + Non Metal

30
Q

What are covalent bonds made of?

A

Non metal + non metal

31
Q

What did the gold foil experiment prove?

A

Atoms have tiny, positively charged nucleus

32
Q

Who discovered electrons?

A

Thomson (Plum Pudding)

33
Q

Charcoal

A

•Joined with other carbon atoms
•98% mixed with other chemicals

34
Q

Graphite

A

•Good conductor
•Organized hexagons (Interconnected sheets)

35
Q

Diamonds

A

•Do not conduct electricity
•High temp. and pressure
•Regular patterns
•Interconnected in 3 dimensions

36
Q

How does diamond mining effect the economy?

A

•Expensive to operate machinery
•15% diamond supply from Canada
•Canada = top 3 diamond producers

37
Q

How does diamond mining effect the environment?

A

•Smaller than gold mining imprint
•Water changed (Fish habitats lost, lake drainage, etc)

38
Q

How does tantalum affect the gorillas?

A

It’s mined from their habitat, thus destroying it

39
Q

What happens when iron meets oxygen?

A

Rust

40
Q

What happens when copper meets oxygen?

A

Corrosion

41
Q

What happens if the water that meets the iron has salt?

A

It rusts faster

42
Q

What is copper oxide?

A

Coated with green film (patina/verdigris) and protects copper from further corrosion

43
Q

What does oxygen and water cause to copper?

A

•Becomes weak
•Becomes brittle
•Rust

44
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged, ionic bond

45
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged, covalent bond

46
Q

Prefixes

A

Mono - One
Di - Two
Tri - Three
Tetra - Four
Penta - Five
Hexa - Six
Hepta - Seven
Octa - Eight
Nona - Nine
Deca - Ten

47
Q

Diatonic elements

A

Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Fluorine

48
Q

When do we use prefixes?

A

Covalent compounds

49
Q

When do we use “ide”

A

For ions (e.g. Carbon dioxide, Potassium sulfide)

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