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Medical Assisting > WEEK TEN > Flashcards

WEEK TEN Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

the study of medications; how they act on the body their classifications, and properties

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2
Q

Natural products

A
  • plants (aspirin, digitalis)
  • animals (hormones - thyroid, insulin, heparin)
  • minerals (ferrous sulfate, iron)
  • bacteria and fungi (antibiotics)
  • synthetic
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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the study of how medications move through the body

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4
Q

Absorption

A

the body coverts medication into a form the body can use; moves in bloodstream

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5
Q

Distribution

A

transportation of medication throughout the body and bloodstream to tissue and organs

blood-brain barrier protects the brain from dangerous chemicals

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6
Q

Metabolism

A

changes active forms into metabolites for excretion; liver is primary for metabolism

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7
Q

Excretion

A

removal of medications from the body
KIDNEYS- urine feces saliva sweat glands breast milk

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8
Q

Acute therapy

A

improve a life-threatening or serious condition
(nitroglycerin)

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9
Q

Maintenance therapy

A

a drug is prescribed to maintain a condition of health
(cholesterol-lowering drugs)

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10
Q

Palliative therapy

A

prescribed to reduce the severity of a condition or its accompanying pain
(does not treat or cure the disease)

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11
Q

Prophylactic therapy

A

prevent disease or condition
(antibiotics before surgery)

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12
Q

Replacement therapy

A

prescribed to provide chemicals otherwise missing in a patient
(hormones/insulin)

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13
Q

Supplemental therapy

A

drug or nutrients are prescribed to avoid deficiency

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14
Q

Generic drug name

A

under the brand name
(ibuprofen)

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15
Q

Chemical drug name

A

scientific name
(RS)-2(4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid

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16
Q

Trade drug name

A

brand name
(Motrin)- always capitalize

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17
Q

Analgesics

A

relieves mild to severe pain
(acetaminophen)

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18
Q

Anti-inflammatory

A

reduce inflammation
(ibuprofen, naproxen)

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19
Q

Antibiotic

A

treats bacterial infections
(amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin)

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20
Q

Anticoagulants

A

delay blood clotting
(warfarin, heparin)

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21
Q

Antidepressant

A

relieves depression
(doxepin, fluoxetine)

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22
Q

Antiemetic

A

reduces nausea, vomiting
(metoclopramide)

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23
Q

Antifungal

A

kills fungi
(fluconazole, nystatin)

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24
Q

Antimigraine

A

relieves migraines
(topiramate)

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25
Q

Antihistamine

A

relieves allergies
(loratadine)

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26
Q

Antihypertensive

A

lowers blood pressure
(lisinopril)

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27
Q

Antilipemic

A

lower cholesterol
(atorvastatin)

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28
Q

Antipyretics

A

reduces fever
(ibuprofen)

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29
Q

Antitussive (expectorant)

A

control cough, eliminates mucus
(dextromethorphan)

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30
Q

Antivirals

A

kills viruses
(acyclovir, interferon)

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31
Q

Antacids

A

neutralize stomach acid
(omeprazole)

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32
Q

Anticholinergics

A

reduce bronchospasm
(ipratropium)

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33
Q

Anticonvulsants

A

control seizures
(clonazepam)

34
Q

Antidiarrhea

A

reduces diarrhea
(bismuth)

35
Q

Anti-osteoporosis

A

improve bone density
(alendronate)

36
Q

Antipsychotic

A

controls psychotic symptoms
(quetiapine)

37
Q

Antispasmodic

A

prevent muscle spams
(cyclobenzaprine)

38
Q

Anti anxiety

A

reduce anxiety
(clonazepam)

39
Q

central nervous system stimulants

A

reduce hyperactivity
(methylphenidate)

40
Q

Contraceptives

A

prevent pregnancy
(medroxyprogesterone)

41
Q

Bronchodilators

A

relaxes airway
(albuterol)

42
Q

Decongestants

A

relieves nasal congestion
(pseudoephedrine)

43
Q

Diuretics

A

eliminate excess fluid
(furosemide)

44
Q

Hormone replacement

A

hormone deficiencies
(levothyroxine)

45
Q

Hypoglycemics

A

reduce blood sugar
(metformin)

46
Q

sedatives/hypnotic

A

induce sleep/relaxation
(zolpidem)

47
Q

classification of albuterol

A

bronchodilator

48
Q

classification of amlodipine besylate

A

calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive

49
Q

classification of amoxicillin

A

antibiotic

50
Q

classification of aripiprazole

A

antipsychotic

51
Q

classification of atorvastatin

A

antilipemic, statin

52
Q

classification of azithromycin

A

antiobiotic

53
Q

classification of celecoxib

A

anti inflammatory

54
Q

classification of cephalexin

A

antiobiotic

55
Q

classification of ciproflaxacin

A

antibiotic

56
Q

classification of clopidogrel

A

antiplatelet

57
Q

Schedule I

A

no approved medical use
(heroin, LSD)

58
Q

Schedule II

A

high potential for abuse
(morphine, hydrocodone)
- handwritten rx- no refills

59
Q

Schedule III

A

moderate to low potential
(anabolic steroid, testosterone)
- refilled up to 5 times in 6 months

60
Q

Schedule IV

A

low potential for abuse
(diazepam, zolpidem)
- refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone

61
Q

Schedule V

A

contain limited quantities of narcotics
(antidiatthea, antitussive, analgesic)
- refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone

62
Q

drug references

A
  • online sources
    (drugs.com, pdr.net)
  • books
    (physician’s desk reference)
  • phone apps
  • drugs inserts
63
Q

allergic drug reaction

A

rashes, throat swelling, facial swelling, itching

64
Q

non-allergic reactions

A

vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea

65
Q

most common contraindication

A

sensitivity or allergic reaction to a drug

66
Q

when writing prescription, write ___ for trade name

A

DAW (dispense as written)

67
Q

Common routes fall into two categories:

A

enteral (through GI tract)
parenteral (outside GI tract)

68
Q

Intramuscular route

A

injection in the muscle
90 degree angle
- used for medication, pain medication, immunizations
- ranges from 1 to 3 inches
- Gauge: ranges from 20G to 23G
- deltoid, ventrogluteal, thigh pediatric(vastus lateralis

69
Q

Subcutaneous route

A
  • injection under the dermis (fatty tissue)
  • 45 degree angle
  • used for allergy injection/insulin/immunization
  • needle size: ranges from 1/2 to 5/8 inch
  • gauge: ranges from 25G to 26G
  • outer part of arm, abdominal area, upper thigh
70
Q

Intradermal route

A
  • into the dermis
  • 10-15 degree angle
  • used for tuberculin/allergy testing/mantoux (PPD) test
  • 27G or 28G; 3/8
  • 0.01 to 0.05 mL
  • forearm (small bubble)
71
Q

Intravenous (IV) route

A

in a vein
25 degree angle

72
Q

Document for injection

A

Route
Site
Medication
Manufacturer
Dose
Expiration date of medication
Lot number of medication
Adverse effects

73
Q

Measurement Systems

A

Apothecary
Household
Metric(most common)

74
Q

15 drops (gtt)

A

1mL

75
Q

1 tsp

A

5mL

76
Q

1tbsp

A

15mL

77
Q

1 cup

A

240mL

78
Q

1 pint

A

480mL

79
Q

1 quart

A

960mL

80
Q

1 gallon

A

3,830 mL

81
Q

2.2 pounds

A

1 kilogram

82
Q

38 C

A

100.4 F

Medical Assisting (10 decks)

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