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Biology > Physics and chemistry experimenting methods > Flashcards

Physics and chemistry experimenting methods Flashcards

1
Q

Solvent

A

the dissolving medium in a solution, the one that causes the solute to dissolve eg.water

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2
Q

Solute

A

substances being dissolved eg. sugar

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3
Q

Solution

A

a homogenous mixture eg. tea, saline solution

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4
Q

Homogenous

A

A solution with a mixture of two or more substances

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5
Q

Concertation of a solution

A

the amount of solute dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

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6
Q

Unsaturated

A

dissolved solute is BELOW saturated point can be more dissolved

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7
Q

Saturated

A

Dissolved solution is AT saturation point,no more can dissolve

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8
Q

Supersaturated

A

Dissolved solute is above saturated points,additional solute gathers at the bottom,crystals may form

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9
Q

Passive transport

A

A type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membrane

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10
Q

Intracellular space

A

The interior space of the plasma membrane (cell membrane)

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11
Q

Extracellular space

A

Outside the cell,this space is outside of the plasma membrane and occupied by fluid (extracellular matrix)

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12
Q

Low concentration

A

The amount of solute in a solution is low

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13
Q

High concentration

A

The amount of solute in the solution is high

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14
Q

Active transport

A

The transport of molecules that require the use of energy (ATP) to help them cross the cell membrane

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15
Q

Protein carrier molecule

A

A carrier protein is a membrane protein that moves solutes across the membrane by creating conformation changes in the protein (eg.sodium channels,potassium channels)

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16
Q

Binding site

A

A region on a macromolecule such as protein that binds to another molecule with specificity

17
Q

Equilibrium

A

A state of balance between opposing forces or actions

18
Q

Biological membrane

A

The thin layer that forms the outer boundary of a living cell or an internal cell compartment

19
Q

Semi-permeable

A

Allowing certain substances to pass through it but not others

20
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

The pressure caused by water at different concentrations due to the decrease of water by dissolved molecules (solute),notable salts and nutrients

21
Q

Colon

A

Removes water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food

22
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Special carrier proteins are required for the movement (e.g. glucose)

23
Q

Osmotically active substance

A

Glucose is an osmotically active substance

24
Q

Albumin

A

Blood protein, it has a role in maintaining the oncotic pressure of the blood

25
Q

Oncotic pressure

A

Oncotic pressure is the force exerted by proteins in the blood that draws water into the blood vessels

26
Q

What is the difference bw osmotic and oncotic pressure

A

Osmotic pressure is the force that drives the movement of water molecules from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration, while oncotic pressure is the force exerted by proteins in the blood that draws water into the blood vessels.

27
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

The pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium at any point of time due to the force of gravity

28
Q

Interstitial space

A

A diverse extracellular matrix (ECM) components organized into a complex, three-dimensional network that surrounds the cellular components of the heart

29
Q

Capillaries

A

They transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems

30
Q

Plasmolysis

A

The process of water leaving plant cells, allowing the cytoplasm and plasma membrane to shrink away from the cell wall

31
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

When plant cells lose water after being placed in a solution that has a high concentration this is happening with osmotic pressure

32
Q

Protoplasm

A

The living part of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane whihc include the nucleus, nucleolus and cytoplasm

Biology (8 decks)

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