Political Organizations

Question 1

The State

Answer 1

political organizations that combine a permanent population and gov. institutions to exercise control over a territory with international recognition

Question 2

The State Will…

Answer 2

… will and must protect itself from external/internal challengers

… exert force to maintain power

… depend on sovereignty to make decisions

… be a survivor

… feed through institutions

… foster institutions

Question 3

Crisis

Answer 3

must be from a complex system, perhaps intangible

Question 4

Strong States

Answer 4

state with exercise capacity to carry out adopted policies (few limitations on enforcement)

Question 5

Weak States

Answer 5

state with little capacity and efficiency to carry out adopted policies

Question 6

Failed States

Answer 6

states that just do not work, collapsed, can not provide the basics, never got off the ground

Question 7

Raison d’etre and Downfall

Answer 7

the state must reconcile between individual liberty and the common good
- freedom vs equality

Question 8

Regime

Answer 8

• system and rules/laws of a specific territory
• EMBODIMENT OF A LONG TERM GOAL
• controlled access to political power
• “where should power reside??”
• malleable

Question 9

Democratic Regime

Answer 9

• expectation of the populace to be involved
• individual liberties valued
• balance individual freedom and collective equality
• consensus, decentralized

Question 10

Authoritarian Regime

Answer 10

• limits political governance
• collective good over individual freedom
• long term goals vary so no guarantees
• coercion, centralized

Question 11

Nation

Answer 11

a socio-cultural entity
- a group of people with similar races, languages, religion, political identity
- does not necessarily consider formal political unions

Question 12

Nation + State = Nation-State

Answer 12

• merger of the political and cultural in a physical space
• large, unified group with cultural, historical ties to a region
• can refer to the system and people

Question 13

Legitimacy

Answer 13

trusted institution that confers authority and power that is recognized AND accepted as right/proper

Question 14

Traditional Legitimacy

Answer 14

• societal custom and habit
• unwritten
• appeal to accepted norms
• “It has been this way so…”
• EX: UK

Question 15

Rational-Legal Legitimacy

Answer 15

• system with institutional procedure
• a document (written constitution) to point to
• rule of law, precedent
• “Here is how we do this and why”

Question 16

Charismatic Legitimacy

Answer 16

• USUALLY persuasive, authoritarian, a weak/failing state
• Cult of Personality
• ” I alone can fix this, believe me.”

Question 17

Centralized

Answer 17

a form of government where authority and responsibility rests within a small group at the highest gov. level

Question 18

Decentralized

Answer 18

a form of government where decision-making is shared throughout the system rather than in one location/group

Question 19

Presidential

Answer 19

• executive is separate from the legislative branch
• elected by popular vote
• executive cannot propose/write legislation but can suggest it
• can veto legislation
• fixed term (usually)
• difficult to remove from office

Question 20

Parliamentary

Answer 20

• executive is part of and entertwined with the legislative branch (fusion of powers)
• elected by popular vote THEN PM is picked by fellow legislators
• PM writes laws
• No fixed terms or veto power

Question 21

How can a PM lose office?`

Answer 21

• a vote of no confidence
• resignation
• political party loses the majority in an election

Question 22

Cleavages

Answer 22

a division or split (usually along ethnic, religious, social, racia, economic terms)`

Question 23

Reinforcing Cleavages

Answer 23

• is there is more than 1 cleavage that overlaps with another
• tension heightener
• consensus unlikely

Question 24

Cross-Cutting Cleavages

Answer 24

• divisions that cut across differences
• divided groups are united by a common interest
• overlap with other groups that usually do not interact/identify with each other

Question 25

Illiberal Democracy

Answer 25

“free or fair” NOPE

escribes a governing system that hides its “nondemocratic practices behind formally democratic institutions and procedures”