Molecular Genetics Flashcards
1
Q
Codon
A
Triplet of mRNA that codes for an amino acid
2
Q
Anti-codon
A
Triplet of tRNA that binds to mRNA during translation
3
Q
Intron
A
Non coding segments
4
Q
Exons
A
Coding segments
5
Q
Operon
A
Cluster of genes regulated by one promoter
6
Q
Operator
A
Regulatory DNA sequence near the promoter (rarely in eukaryotes)
7
Q
Signal transduction
A
Processing the signal into something the cell can use
8
Q
Second messenger
A
Facilitates signal transduction (e.g. cAMP)
9
Q
G-protein
A
Receives extracellular signals, active when GTP bound, facilitates signal transduction
10
Q
Histone proteins
A
DNA coils around these proteins, histone tails can be chemically modified
11
Q
Epigenetics
A
Hereditary changes in protein synthesis, without changing base sequence
