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AP Human Geography > CH 5 > Flashcards

CH 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Mobility

A

All types of movement from one location to another

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2
Q

Circulation

A

Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis

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3
Q

Human migration

A

The permanent movement of humans from one place to another

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4
Q

Emigrant

A

Movement AWAY from a location
A person who leaves a country or region to live elsewhere

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5
Q

Immigrant

A

Movement TO a location
A person who comes to live permanent in a foreign country

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6
Q

Net migration

A

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

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7
Q

Gravity model of migration

A

Derived from newton’s law of gravity, and used to predict the degree of migration interaction between two places.
Model predicts:
1. As the population of a city increases, migration to the city increases
2. As the distance to a city grows, migration to that city decreases

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8
Q

Push factors

A

Negative cause that compels someone to leave a location

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9
Q

Pull factors

A

Positive cause that attracts someone to a new location

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10
Q

Voluntary migration

A

When people make the CHOICE to move to a new place

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11
Q

Forced migration

A

People are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental, or cultural factors

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12
Q

Transnational migration

A

Immigrants to a new country retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties to their country of origin and may regularly return for visits

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13
Q

Internal migration

A

Movement within a country’s borders

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14
Q

Friction of distance

A

The longer the journey is - the more time, effort and cost it will involve

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15
Q

Transhumance

A

A form of migration practiced by nomads who move herds between pastures at cooler, higher elevations during the summer and lower elevations during the winter

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16
Q

Chain migration

A

Form of migration in which people move to a location because others from their community (or family) have previously moved there

17
Q

Step migration

A

Migration to a distant destination that occurs in a stages, fro example, from farm to nearby village and later a town and city

18
Q

Intervening obstacle

A

An occurrence that holds migrants back

19
Q

Intervening opportunity

A

An occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by choice

20
Q

Rural-urban migration

A

The movement of people from the countryside to the city

21
Q

Guest worker

A

Migrants who travel to a new country as temporary laborers (example : Bracero program - 1942 - 1964. Series of diplomatic accords between Mexico and U.S. permitted millions of Mexican men to work illegally in the United States on short-term labor contracts)

22
Q

Circular migration

A

When migrant workers move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they might work temporary jobs

23
Q

Distance decay

A

The effects of Sid trance on interaction, generally the greater they distance the less interaction

24
Q

Refugees

A

A person who has been forced to leave their country for fear of persecution or death

25
Q

Asylum

A

Request made by migrants in which. They are seeking the right to protection in a new country

26
Q

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

A

People who are forced to flee their homes but remain WITHIN their country’s borders

27
Q

Human trafficking

A

“The recruitment, transportation, transfer, or receipt of persons, by improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion)” - United Nations
Form of modern day slavery
Traffickers prey on those vulnerable (homeless, runaways, youth, poor immigrants, those that have experienced trauma)

28
Q

Repatriate

A

To return to one’s country of origin

29
Q

Interregional Migration

A

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another

30
Q

Intraregional migration

A

Permanent movement within one region of a country

31
Q

Quotas

A

Limits on the number of immigrants allowed into the country each year

32
Q

Kinship links

A

Networks of relatives or friends

33
Q

Skills gap

A

Shortage of people trained in a particular industry - in a country’s workforce. Qualified immigrants can reduce the skills gap

34
Q

Remittances

A

Money earned by emigrants that is sent back to family and friends in their home countries - to family members that remain in the country of origin

35
Q

Brain drain

A

Refers to the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another - often richer - country

36
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

The spread of an idea through migration

AP Human Geography (17 decks)

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